Education Theory and Practice Critique

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What was the main reason for the establishment of the ministry of basic education in 1979?

Due to economic constraints

What was the purpose of the Mackay Commission?

To investigate the feasibility of a second university in Kenya

What was one of the recommendations of the Mackay Commission?

To establish a council on higher education

What system of education was adapted as a result of the Mackay Commission?

8-4-4 system Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the new curriculum contents as recommended by the Mackay Commission?

Vocational and technical education Signup and view all the answers

What was another recommendation of the Mackay Commission?

To form a Parents Teachers Association Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary method of learning in traditional African education during pre-independence Kenya?

By rote memorization Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of rites of passage in traditional African education?

To mark the stages of a person's life from conception to death Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of oral literature in traditional African education?

To inculcate discipline and values in children Signup and view all the answers

How did traditional African education discourage bad habits and undesirable behavior in children?

Through constant warnings, corrections and punishment Signup and view all the answers

What was the role of music in traditional African education?

It was an integral part of the people's daily lives Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of productive work in traditional African education?

To enable children to acquire the right type of masculine and feminine skills Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of initiation in traditional African education?

To teach children various habits, attitudes, values and skills Signup and view all the answers

What was the main difference between indigenous African education and the education brought by the missionaries?

Indigenous African education was more practical. Signup and view all the answers

What was a benefit of western education for some African children?

It provided them with employment opportunities. Signup and view all the answers

Why did many Africans desire to learn the ways of Westerners?

To become more successful and escape poverty. Signup and view all the answers

What skill was provided by Western education?

Reading and writing. Signup and view all the answers

Why was education seen as a means of family advancement?

It provided better prospects for future generations. Signup and view all the answers

What was a consequence of attending school?

One was exempt from paying taxes and performing forced labor. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main focus of the education system after independence?

To enhance social and economic growth of the nation. Signup and view all the answers

Why did the post-independent government establish education commissions?

To rectify the education system and promote social and economic growth. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a teacher in the context of cultural transmission and change?

To become an educational critic and agent for intelligent cultural transmission and change Signup and view all the answers

What does the study of the history of education help us to appreciate?

The road travelled by education to reach its current state Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits of comparing the origins and development of educational ideas in different societies?

It enables one to draw from and act imaginatively using a broader range of humanity Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand the historical context of educational theories and practices?

To adopt a critical attitude towards present theories and practices Signup and view all the answers

What does the study of the history of education help us to understand?

What education is, where it came from, and what it is bound to become Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of history in education?

To provide a narrative of the development of educational institutions Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the benefits of studying the history of education?

It enables one to demonstrate the development of a particular theory or practice in historical context Signup and view all the answers

What does the study of the history of education help us to achieve?

To formulate better ideas, patterns, and principles in education Signup and view all the answers

What is the level of education that consists of Upper Primary and Lower Secondary?

Middle School Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the assessment at the end of Grade 6?

To determine the readiness for the Lower Secondary Level Signup and view all the answers

How many years does a learner typically spend in University Education?

3 years Signup and view all the answers

What is the category of careers that includes Arts and Sports Sciences?

Arts and Sports Sciences Signup and view all the answers

What is the next level of education after Middle School?

Senior School Signup and view all the answers

What is the acronym of the organization responsible for administering assessments in Kenya?

KNEC Signup and view all the answers

What is the final level of education before a learner can engage in entrepreneurial business?

Grade 12 Signup and view all the answers

What consists of both primary and secondary education?

Basic Education Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Importance of Studying Educational Theories and Practices

Encourages teachers to examine, evaluate, and modify cultural heritage to promote intelligent cultural transmission and change.
Fosters a critical attitude towards present theories and practices, enabling teachers to adopt a more informed approach.

Understanding Educational Systems

History of education provides a narrative of the origins, growth, and development of educational institutions, methods, concepts, aims, and practices.
It helps appreciate the road travelled by education to reach its current state.

Making Comparisons within a Historical Perspective

History of education enables one to draw comparisons of the origins and development of different ideas, practices, and theories in various societies.
It helps formulate better ideas, patterns, and principles, providing a broader perspective.

Traditional African Education in Pre-Independence Kenya

Methods used in traditional African education included constant correction, initiation, oral literature, dance, and punishment.
Rites of passage marked the stages of a person's life, teaching the young various habits, attitudes, values, and skills.
Oral literature, including myths, legends, and folk tales, played a significant role in inculcating discipline, values, and personality development.
Traditional learning involved the use of deterrents, such as punishment, to conform to moral customs and standards of behavior.

Reasons why Western Education Gained Favor among Africans before Independence

Some African children who attended schools were employed.
Western education was seen as a gate pass to urban life and an avenue to escape poverty.
It provided skills to Africans, such as reading, writing, and hygiene.
Education was seen as a family advancement and better prospects.
It made outcasts accepted and recognized in society.
School attendance exempted one from paying taxes, forced labor.

Education Commissions after Independence

The African post-independent government took steps to rectify the education system, focusing on social and economic growth.
The Mackay Commission (1981) was established to prepare a plan for the establishment of a second university in Kenya.
The commission recommended setting up a technically oriented university, reducing emphasis on exam-oriented education, and adapting the 8-4-4 system of education.

Development of Basic Education after Independence in Kenya

The ministry of basic education was established in 1979 to implement nine years of basic education.
The education system was reformed to enhance social and economic growth.
The 8-4-4 system of education was adapted, with a focus on continuous assessment and vocational and technical education.
The establishment of a council on higher education was recommended to accredit universities.

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