Questions and Answers
What subjects were primarily taught in the Indian education system before the British period?
Religion and astronomy
Which language was mainly used for teaching in the past before English gained prominence in the Indian education system?
Sanskrit
What examination replaced the Senior Cambridge Examination in India in the 1950s?
Indian School Certificate Examination (ICSE)
Who administered the Indian School Certificate Examination (ICSE) in India?
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What led to the growth of 'national education' in India?
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What did states across India do to improve the quality of education?
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What was one of the main reasons for the British to introduce the English system of education in India?
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Why did the British feel the need to establish an education system in India?
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What was the impact of introducing the English system of education in India?
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Why were schools in India forced to adhere to the colonial government's curriculum?
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How did the emergence of the Modern System of Education impact traditional educational systems in India?
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What led to the emergence of textbook culture in Indian education during the colonial period?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Modern Education in India
- Emphasis on English language and western sciences in present-day Indian education system
- Transformation from traditional education system, where learning was primarily in Sanskrit and Arabic, and main subjects taught included religion and astronomy
Traditional System of Education in India
- Imparted in gurukuls, where education was neither organized nor supported by the state
- Superstition and backward social customs flourished during this period
- Nalanda University, established in the early 5th century CE, was a renowned center of higher education in India and one of the oldest universities in the world
Emergence of the Modern System of Education
- British introduced the English system of education in India to create a pool of literate Indians who could discharge clerical duties effectively
- Aim was to acculturate Indians to European attitudes through the teaching of English
- East India Company created an education system aimed at acculturation of Indians to European attitudes
- Schools were forced to adhere to the colonial government's curriculum, resulting in the emergence of textbook culture as a means of controlling thought
Development of Modern Education System
- Indian education system has been evolving since the British period, particularly at the high school level
- Senior Cambridge Examination gave way to the Indian School Certificate Examination (ICSE) administered by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examination (CISCE) in the 1950s
- Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) began consolidating its position simultaneously
- States across the country came up with their own boards to provide quality education
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