eDNA Applications in Ecology

<p>Provides non-invasive sampling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It does not necessitate capturing the organism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can detect rare species and invasive species. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amplification (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases taxonomic resolution. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Analysis of environmental samples (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To understand adaptation mechanisms and phenotype-environment interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The DNA of fungal communities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Comprehensive predictive modeling of ecosystems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contextualized biodiversity observations at the genomic level (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Insects, arachnids, and crustaceans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mapping biodiversity quality and distribution of ecosystem services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic diversity of vertebrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create models to predict ecosystem services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collective genetic material of microorganisms in the human body (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To study human health and disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Screening for pharmaceutical and nutritional potential (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metabarcoding identifies multiple species using genetic markers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both marine and continental ecosystems worldwide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is used exclusively for studying terrestrial arthropods. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To learn about their adaptation to environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Less than 1% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To create a global atlas of genes and proteins from diverse ecosystems. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disease prevention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>From descriptive to analytical (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genetic fingerprinting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Studying soil from an agricultural experimental station. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Research methods across species (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MetaHIT project (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) and fast-rate imaging. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>National Human Genome Research Institute (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Environmental metadata. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microbiology, ecology, soil physico-chemistry. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Genomic and microbiome research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creating an online portal for interactive information visualization. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It studies the largest planetary ecosystem, oceanic plankton. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining biological collections' integrity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Evolutionary relationships and biodiversity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Barcode of Life (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant complexity in data interpretation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unknown organisms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collaboration and data sharing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establishment of secure and accessible data platforms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Specialized expertise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Environmental DNA; DNA from an organism that is shed into the environment.

eDNA comes from various sources including feces, skin, gametes, and carcasses.

A method that uses eDNA to identify and assess biodiversity.

Collecting samples, extracting DNA, amplifying DNA, sequencing, and analyzing the data.

eDNA analysis allows for studying biodiversity without harming the organism.

eDNA analysis is often more economical than traditional sampling methods.

eDNA can assess more species diversity and therefore has a higher taxonomic resolution.

eDNA can detect rare species or those difficult to spot.

Analysis of fungal DNA communities to understand fungal diversity and roles in ecosystems.

Study of arthropod (insects, arachnids, crustaceans) genetic makeup to understand diversity, interactions, & ecosystem roles.

Investigation of vertebrate genetic diversity (mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish) and their interactions with environments and diseases.

Study of the genetic material of microorganisms in the human body (bacteria, fungi, viruses) to understand microbiome's role in health and disease.

Identifies multiple species using genetic markers.

Sequences the entire DNA in a sample.

Metabarcoding identifies species using specific genetic markers, while metagenomics sequences the entire DNA in a sample (more comprehensive).

DNA isolation from the environment using different techniques. Metabarcoding or metagenomics can be used for the analysis of eDNA.

A powerful technology that enables us to analyze and understand the complete genetic makeup of organisms. It allows for rapid DNA sequencing, leading to detailed insights into genetic variations.

Differences in DNA sequences between individuals. It allows us to trace human lineage and understand disease patterns.

Using genetic variations to trace the evolution of human populations over time, helping us understand where we come from and how we're related to other groups.

A large scientific research initiative aimed at studying the vast diversity of microbes living in and on human bodies, and how these microbes impact our health.

A global collaboration of scientists working together to study the human microbiome and use this knowledge to prevent diseases.

A research project that identified three distinct groups of intestinal microbes that are independent of individual characteristics like demographics or health status.

A shift in research focus from simply describing a phenomenon to understanding its underlying mechanisms and patterns.

Ongoing research projects are expanding beyond human studies, including a wide range of species and ecosystems. The goal is to understand the genetic makeup of different organisms and their roles in the environment.

A large-scale scientific initiative aimed at cataloging and characterizing the microbial communities found in various ecosystems worldwide.

The study of RNA transcripts extracted from environmental samples, indicating the active genes and metabolic processes of microbes.

A research project dedicated to sequencing the metagenomes of diverse soil samples across the globe.

The study of the ocean's microbial ecosystem, especially planktonic communities.

Drifting organisms (both microscopic and macroscopic) that inhabit the water column.

Next Generation Sequencing, a powerful technology for quickly and efficiently sequencing large amounts of DNA.

The analysis of environmental samples and chosen strains to characterize their traits and properties, revealing potential for biotechnological applications.

Molecules found in marine organisms that have potential for pharmaceutical or nutritional use, such as new drugs or food supplements.

Developing guidelines and regulations to ensure sustainable and ethical use of marine resources, balancing scientific research with conservation.

Investigating the genetic makeup of seaweed to understand its species diversity and potential for industrial applications.

A global network of research facilities that monitor biodiversity at the genomic level, providing long-term data on ecosystems around the world.

Using data to predict how ecosystems will change based on future scenarios, such as climate change or human activity.

Expanding genomic observation sites to developing countries to study biodiversity vulnerability and create sustainable marine resources.

Natural history museums play a crucial role in safeguarding the long-term integrity of biological collections, ensuring that they are scientifically reliable for future research and conservation efforts.

DNA preservation allows researchers to study evolutionary relationships, understand biodiversity, and even identify unknown species by comparing genetic material.

Museums like the Smithsonian or the Natural History Museum in London act as international hubs, connecting researchers from around the world to share data and collaborate on biodiversity research.

This global project aims to create a genetic 'barcode' for every known species, using short DNA sequences to identify and classify organisms.

Linking genomic data to specific museum specimens is a major challenge, as is identifying the vast number of unknown organisms found in diverse environments.

It's a new approach that combines ecological and informatics principles to analyze and manage vast amounts of biodiversity data.

It encourages researchers to share data sets online, creating a global network of accessible information for the scientific community.

Establishing secure and accessible platforms, such as online databases, is vital for storing, managing, and sharing biodiversity data efficiently.