Edexcel IGCSE Physics - Movement & Position
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Questions and Answers

What does a negative acceleration indicate about a train's movement?

  • The train is speeding up
  • The train is reversing direction
  • The train maintains constant speed
  • The train is slowing down (correct)

    • What is represented by a straight line on a velocity-time graph?

  • Constant acceleration or deceleration (correct)
  • No acceleration at all
  • Instantaneous speed
  • Variable acceleration

    • What does the slope of a line on a velocity-time graph represent?

  • The change in speed
  • The time taken for the journey
  • The magnitude of acceleration (correct)
  • The total distance traveled

    • Which of the following is true about the red line in a velocity-time graph?

    <p>It represents increasing velocity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the units for measuring acceleration?

    <p>Metres per second squared (m/s²)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the area under a velocity-time graph represent?

    <p>The distance travelled by the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the area calculated when the graph forms a triangle?

    <p>Area = ½ × Base × Height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the formula for calculating area under a rectangle in a velocity-time graph?

    <p>Area = Base × Height</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can the enclosed areas under velocity-time graphs indicate?

    <p>The total displacement in a time interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When observing a velocity-time graph, what does the height of a rectangle signify?

    <p>The constant velocity of the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main aim of the experiment detailed in the document?

    <p>To investigate the motion of everyday objects by measuring their speed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered an independent variable in the described experiment?

    <p>Distance moved by the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equipment is NOT listed as part of the method to measure speed?

    <p>Light gates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be kept constant to ensure accurate results in the experiment?

    <p>The object being measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct resolution of the stop clock used in the experiment?

    <p>0.01 s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate the average speed of an object in this context?

    <p>Speed = Distance / Time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the experiment, what height is specified for the drop of the object?

    <p>1.0 m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of the tape measure in the experiment?

    <p>To measure the distance moved by the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean for an object to accelerate?

    <p>It is changing its velocity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an object is slowing down, what is its acceleration classified as?

    <p>Negative acceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example of the Japanese bullet train, what is the initial velocity?

    <p>50 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is deceleration calculated in the given example?

    <p>Using the change in velocity divided by time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the change in velocity for the Japanese bullet train?

    <p>-8 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a steep slope on a velocity-time graph indicate about the object's acceleration?

    <p>The object's speed changes very quickly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative value for deceleration indicate about the train's motion?

    <p>The train is decelerating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true about a flat line on a velocity-time graph?

    <p>The acceleration of the object is zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a train decelerates at a rate of -0.27 m/s², how long would it take to reduce its speed from 50 m/s to 42 m/s?

    <p>30 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula used to calculate the acceleration in the example?

    <p>a = ∆v / t</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the acceleration of an object be calculated from a velocity-time graph?

    <p>By finding the gradient of the graph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a negative gradient on a velocity-time graph represent?

    <p>The object is decelerating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately reflects the meaning of a gentle slope on a velocity-time graph?

    <p>The object's speed changes gradually.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Between which two time segments would you find the steepest slope on a velocity-time graph, indicating the highest acceleration?

    <p>5 to 10 seconds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the gradient represent when analyzing a velocity-time graph?

    <p>The acceleration of the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the implication of a sloping straight line on a velocity-time graph?

    <p>The object is accelerating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can you find the distance travelled during a specific time interval?

    <p>By finding the area under the speed-time graph for that interval</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does uniform acceleration refer to?

    <p>Acceleration that remains constant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct rearrangement of the equation $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$ to find distance ($s$)?

    <p>$s = \frac{v^2 - u^2}{2a}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a variable in the equation $v^2 = u^2 + 2as$?

    <p>Time ($t$)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a car accelerates at 4 m/s² and moves a distance of 50 m, what can be concluded about its initial speed?

    <p>The initial speed is 0 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operation must be performed to both sides of the equation to undo the squaring of $v$?

    <p>Take the square root of both sides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be shown in addition to the final answer when rearranging equations in an exam?

    <p>The working out process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the example provided, what is the final speed of the car if it accelerates from rest at 2.5 m/s² to 16 m/s?

    <p>16 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Edexcel IGCSE Physics - Movement & Position

    • Contents: Distance-Time Graphs, Speed, Core Practical: Investigating Motion, Acceleration, Velocity-Time Graphs, Area under a Velocity-Time Graph, Calculating Uniform Acceleration

    • Distance-Time Graphs: Show how distance changes over time for an object moving in a straight line from a starting point. A straight line indicates constant speed; the slope of the line corresponds to the speed's magnitude (steeper = faster). A flat line signifies the object is stationary. A curved line means changing speed (accelerating or decelerating).

    • Constant Speed on a Distance-Time Graph: Distance-time graphs display whether an object is moving at constant speed and the magnitude of that speed.

    • Changing Speed on a Distance-Time Graph: Represented by a curved line. An increasing slope indicates increasing speed (acceleration), and a decreasing slope means reducing speed (deceleration).

    • Calculating Speed from a Distance-Time Graph: Calculating speed involves finding the gradient of a distance-time graph. Speed = Change in distance/Change in time (Δy/Δx)

    • Core Practical: Investigating Motion: An experiment to measure the speed of objects by measuring the distance moved and the time taken. Equipment used includes a paper cone or tennis ball, stop watch, and a tape measure.

    • Acceleration: Defined as the rate of change in velocity. The formula used to calculate average acceleration is acceleration = change in velocity/time taken (Δv/t)

    • Uniform Acceleration Formula: (Final velocity)² = (Initial velocity)² + 2 * acceleration * distance (v² = u² + 2as)

    • Velocity-Time Graphs: Show how velocity changes over time. A straight line indicates constant acceleration/deceleration. The gradient of the line on velocity-time graph corresponds to the acceleration: acceleration = change in velocity/change in time (Δv/Δt). The area under a velocity-time graph represents the displacement of the object.

    • Constant Acceleration and Constant Velocity on a Velocity-Time Graph: A period of constant acceleration is demonstrated by a section showing a growing slope (positive or negative depending on the direction of acceleration). Constant velocity sections appear as flat lines.

    • Gradient of a Velocity-Time Graph: The gradient of a velocity-time graph represents the acceleration. acceleration = change in velocity/change in time, Δv/Δt.

    • Area Under a Velocity-Time Graph: The area underneath a velocity-time curve can be used to calculate the total distance traveled. The shapes are calculated, triangles (1/2 * base * height) and/or rectangles (base * height). For objects moving with constant acceleration and constant velocity, this works. This result is the total displacement.

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    Edexcel IGCSE Physics Movement & Position PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers key concepts of movement and position in Edexcel IGCSE Physics, including distance-time graphs, speed, acceleration, and velocity-time graphs. You'll explore how to interpret and analyze these graphs, as well as practical applications for investigating motion. Test your understanding of these essential physics topics.

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