15 Questions
What is the purpose of adding a few drops of indicator to the conical flask?
To show when the end-point is reached
What does the titre represent in a titration experiment?
The difference between the initial and final readings on the burette
Why should the meniscus be read at eye level when using a burette?
To ensure accurate volume measurement
What is the purpose of using a pipette filler when drawing alkali into the pipette?
To increase accuracy
In a titration experiment, what does 'concordant results' refer to?
Results that are close in value and show a pattern
Why is it important for the meniscus of the burette to align with a particular line when filling it with acid?
To ensure proper calibration of the burette
What color does phenolphthalein turn in acidic solutions?
Colourless
Which indicator would turn red in an alkaline solution?
Yellow
What color does blue litmus paper turn in an acidic solution?
Red
How is pH 7 classified on the pH scale?
Neutral
Which ions do acids produce in aqueous solutions?
H⁺ ions
What type of reaction is a neutralization reaction?
Acid-base reaction
Which ions do alkalis produce in aqueous solutions?
OH⁻ ions
What is the ionic equation for an alkali-acid neutralization reaction?
[math]H⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq) -> H₂O(l)[/math]
'What color does red litmus paper turn in an alkaline solution?' - What could be a common misconception about this?
'Red litmus paper turns blue in an alkaline solution.'
Study Notes
Titration Experiment
- A few drops of indicator are added to the conical flask to indicate the endpoint of the reaction.
- The titre represents the volume of the titrant (acid or alkali) required to completely neutralize the analyte (acid or alkali) in the conical flask.
Burette Handling
- The meniscus should be read at eye level when using a burette to ensure accurate volume readings.
- The meniscus of the burette should align with a particular line when filling it with acid to prevent air bubbles from entering the burette.
Pipette Handling
- A pipette filler is used when drawing alkali into the pipette to prevent the alkali from coming into contact with skin.
Titration Results
- Concordant results in a titration experiment refer to repeatable and consistent results.
Indicators in Acid-Base Reactions
- Phenolphthalein turns colorless in acidic solutions.
- Methyl orange turns red in an alkaline solution.
- Blue litmus paper turns red in an acidic solution.
- Red litmus paper turns blue in an alkaline solution.
pH Scale
- pH 7 is classified as neutral on the pH scale.
Acids and Alkalis
- Acids produce hydrogen ions (H+ or H3O+) in aqueous solutions.
- Alkalis produce hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solutions.
- A neutralization reaction is a type of acid-base reaction.
Ionic Equation
- The ionic equation for an alkali-acid neutralization reaction is OH- + H+ → H2O.
Common Misconception
- A common misconception is that red litmus paper always remains red in an alkaline solution, when in fact it turns blue.
Learn about the use of litmus, phenolphthalein, and methyl orange in distinguishing between acidic and alkaline solutions in inorganic chemistry. Phenolphthalein turns pink in alkaline solutions and colorless in acidic solutions. Methyl orange is yellow in alkaline solutions and red in acidic solutions. Litmus can be blue in alkaline solutions and red in acidic solutions.
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