Ecotourism Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following activities is NOT associated with ecotourism?

  • Surfing
  • Birdwatching
  • Fishing
  • Cave diving (correct)

    • Which type of tourism is cultural tourism linked to?

  • Adventure tourism (correct)
  • Nature-based tourism
  • Ecotourism
  • Sustainable tourism

    • What movement began as a reaction to the negative consequences of tourism development?

  • Responsible tourism (correct)
  • Adventure tourism
  • Sustainable tourism
  • Environmental tourism

    • Which of these activities is categorized under health tourism?

    <p>Mudbathing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity is typically categorized under adventure tourism?

    <p>Scuba/snorkeling (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major characteristic of ecotourism?

    <p>Minimization of environmental impact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following activities is associated with the 3S tourism?

    <p>Beachcombing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which activity involves interaction with captive wildlife?

    <p>Wildlife parks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of ecotourism?

    <p>Environmental conservation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a core criterion of ecotourism?

    <p>Commercialization (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of jobs worldwide does ecotourism account for?

    <p>8% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these features is considered a biotic component of ecotourism?

    <p>Plants and animals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many international tourism arrivals were forecasted for 2020?

    <p>1.56 billion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the educative component of ecotourism?

    <p>It includes education for all aspects of the environment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is considered a niche form of tourism?

    <p>Ecotourism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what ways does ecotourism benefit local communities?

    <p>Through active socio-economic involvement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the 'New Tourist'?

    <p>Experienced and independent travel approach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a focus of ecotourism?

    <p>Maximizing profit from tourism ventures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nature-based tourism emphasizes active participation in activities?

    <p>Adventure Tourism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of nature-based recreation?

    <p>Engagement with natural environments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes ecotourism?

    <p>Responsible travel that conserves the environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common feature of the 'New Tourist'?

    <p>Shorter, more frequent trips throughout the year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is nature-based tourism differentiated?

    <p>By the travel motives of travelers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of ecotourism compared to other tourism forms?

    <p>It promotes environmental conservation and welfare (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of ecotourism for local communities?

    <p>Job creation and better facilities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ecotourists play in ecotourism?

    <p>They are central to ecotourism's success (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a principle of sustainable ecotourism?

    <p>High profit margins (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major economic benefit of ecotourism?

    <p>Increased job opportunities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an example of ecotourism in Uganda?

    <p>Bwindi forest gorilla reserve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the environmental benefits of ecotourism?

    <p>Support for conservation efforts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these factors contributes to the growth of ecotourism?

    <p>Increased environmental awareness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key component of stakeholders' interest in ecotourism?

    <p>Engaging in resource management (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of providing high-quality hospitality services in ecotourism?

    <p>To ensure ecotourist satisfaction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these locations is associated with the Annapurna conservation area?

    <p>Nepal (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these reasons is NOT typically cited as a driver for ecotourism?

    <p>Increased desire for luxury travel and opulent experiences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What natural resource type is NOT explicitly mentioned in the content as a potential attraction for ecotourism in Malaysia?

    <p>Volcanoes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a factor affecting the quality of an ecotourism experience?

    <p>Price of accommodation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of ecotourism destinations?

    <p>Focus on large resorts and luxurious amenities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a specific ecotourism attraction mentioned in the content?

    <p>A significant population of tigers in Taman Negara NP (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a factor contributing to the potential of Malaysia as a leading ecotourism destination?

    <p>An established and extensive infrastructure for mass tourism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a significant factor considered in the 'Heart of Borneo' program?

    <p>Establishment of a network of luxury resorts for eco-tourism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT mentioned in the content as a contributing factor to the rise of ecotourism?

    <p>Desire for affordable and accessible vacation options (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Nature-based Activities

    Recreational activities that involve engagement with nature and wildlife.

    Ecotourism

    Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

    Adventure Tourism

    Travel for the purpose of engaging in physically challenging outdoor activities.

    Health Tourism

    Travel focusing on wellness and health-related activities, such as spa visits or nature retreats.

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    Extractive Activities

    Tourism activities that involve the extraction of natural resources, such as fishing or berry picking.

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    Cultural Tourism

    Traveling to experience and learn about different cultures and their heritage.

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    Responsible Tourism

    Movement initiated to mitigate the negative impacts of tourism on the environment and local communities.

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    Nature Observation

    Activities focused on observing natural wildlife and surroundings, like birdwatching or photography.

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    4Es of Ecotourism

    Core criteria: Environmental conservation, Equity, Education, Economic benefits.

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    Nature-based tourism

    Tourism that primarily involves natural environments and features.

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    Ecologically Sustainable

    Tourism that is ecologically responsible and supports conservation efforts.

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    Environmentally Educative

    A core aspect of ecotourism focusing on education about the environment.

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    Economic Impact of Ecotourism

    Generates significant economic activity and creates millions of jobs worldwide.

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    Growth of Ecotourism

    Significant increase in tourism arrivals from 25 million in 1950 to 1.56 billion projected for 2020.

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    3 Es of Involvement

    Exciting, Educative, and Ethical elements characterize participation in ecotourism.

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    Environmental Awareness

    The understanding and concern for environmental issues affecting natural areas.

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    Ecotourism Demand

    The desire for unique and educational vacations in natural environments.

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    Accessibility in Ecotourism

    Easier access to remote locations for nature-based recreation and tourism.

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    Characteristics of Ecotourism Sites

    Locations rich in natural and cultural attractions with unique features.

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    Safety and Health in Ecotourism

    Ensuring visitors' well-being in ecotourism destinations is crucial.

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    Tourist Needs in Ecotourism

    Expectations for quality experiences that respect environmental and cultural aspects.

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    Flora and Fauna in Ecotourism

    Flora refers to plant life; fauna refers to animal life, important in natural tourism.

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    The Heart of Borneo

    A conservation program aimed at managing tropical forests in Borneo.

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    Stakeholders

    Individuals or groups with an interest in ecotourism, including tourists, locals, and governments.

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    Carrying Capacity

    The maximum number of visitors an environment can sustain without damage.

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    Local Community Involvement

    Engagement of local people in ecotourism for benefits like job creation and cultural preservation.

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    Economic Benefits

    Advantages of ecotourism such as job creation, revenue increase, and foreign exchange earnings.

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    Environmental Protection

    Efforts to preserve and protect natural habitats as part of ecotourism principles.

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    Job Opportunities

    Employment created as a result of ecotourism initiatives.

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    Cultural Preservation

    The maintenance of local cultures and traditions in the face of tourism.

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    Resource Management

    Strategies to sustainably manage natural resources in ecotourism areas.

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    Natural Environment Conservation

    Efforts to maintain biodiversity and habitats through ecotourism practices.

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    The New Tourist

    A modern traveler who is experienced, independent, and embraces technology.

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    Nature-based Recreation

    Travel to natural areas for experiences like education, adventure, and sports while protecting resources.

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    Types of Nature-based Tourism

    Different categories of tourism that focus on natural attractions, including ecotourism and adventure tourism.

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    Adventure Travel

    Travel that emphasizes activity and experiences in natural settings.

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    Wilderness Travel

    Tourism focused on appreciating nature in comfortable settings and usually geared towards sightseeing.

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    Mass Tourism

    Large-scale travel typically to popular destinations, often with less emphasis on ecology.

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    Environmental Sensitivity

    A growing awareness and concern for sustainable practices in tourism among travelers.

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    Study Notes

    Nature-Based Recreation & Ecotourism

    • STT3173 course at Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS)
    • Focuses on nature-based recreation and ecotourism.
    • Experienced and Independent: Tourists prefer to research and book trips themselves using technology.
    • Technology-Oriented: Travelers use technology extensively for booking, research, and destination exploration.
    • Quality in Tourism Products & Value for Money: Tourists prioritize high-quality products and value for their money.
    • Prefers Multi-Activities and Willing to Learn from Other Cultures: A desire to participate in diverse activities and learn about different cultures.
    • Increasingly Environmentally and Socially Sensitive: Tourists are more aware of and concerned about environmental and social issues, seeking deeper places.
    • Wants Deeper Appreciation of Place Visited: A preference for a deeper understanding and connection with the visited region.
    • Shorter but More Frequent Trips Throughout the Year: A trend towards shorter trips but more visits throughout the year.

    Ecotourism Concept and Industry (LU2)

    • LU2 focuses on the concept and industry behind ecotourism.

    Nature-Based Recreation

    • Definition: Travel to natural destinations for activities like science education, recreation, adventure, and sports while protecting natural resources, per Durst (1988).
    • Forms of Tourism: Includes all forms of tourism, including mass tourism, adventure tourism, and low-impact tourism, especially ecotourism. These types of tourism utilize natural resources in wild and undeveloped form (including specific habitat, landscape, scenery, and water features) while tourists enjoy experiencing undeveloped areas or wildlife. (Goodwin, 1996).

    Types of Nature-Based Tourism

    • Ecotourism: Educational and conservation-focused responsible travel, supporting local communities.
    • Adventure Tourism: Travel focused on active participation (Emphasis on activity).
    • Wilderness Tourism: Travel primarily for natural appreciation.
    • Camping/Car Tourism: Primarily focused on scenic views and comfort.

    Nature-Based Activities Examples

    • Hiking, biking, kayaking, birdwatching. Activities like birdwatching, hiking, biking, camping and more are mentioned as part of ecotourism and nature-based recreation.

    Ecotourism

    • Definition: Environmentally responsible travel to natural areas, enjoying nature, encouraging cultural conservation, maintaining low visitor impact, and benefits local people.

    Ecotourism - How it Started?

    • 1970s: Responsible tourism movement emerged as a reaction to negative tourism development consequences.
    • 1980s: A movement called "environmental tourism" developed, influencing the emergence of ecotourism.

    Ecotourism: Core Criteria

    • Four Core Criteria ("4Es"): The development of ecotourism focuses on environmental conservation, equity, education, and economic benefits.
    • Three “Es”: Ecotourism activities also encompass excitement, education, and an ethical aspect.

    Nature-Based Ecotourism Features

    • A.B.C Features: Includes abiotic features like landscapes, seascapes, biotic features like plant and animal life, and cultural features like human elements. Focus on the natural environment, supporting environmental conservation.

    Ecologically Sustainable Ecotourism.

    • Sustainability: All tourism should be ecologically and culturally/economically sustainable.
    • Ecotourism's Role: Ecotourism specifically is designed to be ecologically responsible and support conservation, providing an environmental example for all tourism. Focus on understanding and maintaining ecosystems.

    Environmentally Educative Ecotourism

    • Education: Ecotourism is notably educational, distinguishing it from other nature-based tourism activities, including education about the environment, in the environment, and for the environment.

    Locally Beneficial Ecotourism

    • Local Benefits: Aims for tourist satisfaction by providing a high degree of quality in tourism and hospitality services, thus promoting local community, economic benefits, and stakeholder interaction.

    Ecotourism Principles

    • TIES Principles: The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) promotes principles including minimizing impact, building awareness and respect, positive experiences for visitors, direct financial benefits to conservation, and local people's financial benefits and empowerment, awareness of the host countries' climate.

    Sustainable Ecotourism System Model

    • Elements: Shows the relationships between ecotourists, stakeholders (interest and participation), government involvement, carrying capacity, education, economic considerations, resource management, governance, certification influence, natural environmental protection. and social and cultural aspects.

    Stakeholders in Ecotourism

    • Types: Public at large, security, safety, investors, media, government, tourist union, utilities/infrastructure, guides, hotels/resorts, concessions, employees, trails, education(public & training), rangers, cultural resources, friends of parks, customers/locals, NGO's, farms, churches, restaurants, attractions, suppliers(food&liquor), tour operators and more.

    Ecotourism Benefits

    • Involvement: Local community recognition and rights, improving living standards.
    • Education: Learning to experience and understand the environment.
    • Conservation: Preserving local cultures, natural resources, and wildlife.
    • Improvement: Improved physical structures and services.
    • Economic Benefits: Increased revenue, job opportunities, benefits to rural communities, support for conservation and environmental management, enhanced tourism image, establishment of local businesses, and joint ventures (JVs) between government and private sector and local communities, and foreign exchange.

    Emerging Markets Ecotourism Examples

    • Uganda: Bwindi Impenetrable Forest Gorilla Reserve with high hourly gorilla viewing fees generating revenue.
    • Nepal: Annapurna Conservation Area with eco-lodges for trekkers.
    • Bolivia: Chalalán ecolodge in Madidi National Park.
    • Costa Rica: Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve with eco-lodges.
    • Cuba: La Moka UNESCO-protected site bioreserve exhibiting a harmony between the people and the nature.

    Factors Contributing to Nature-Based Recreation & Ecotourism Growth

    • Environmental Awareness: Increasing awareness and interest.
    • Media Exposure: Increased media showcasing of natural areas.
    • Desire to See Natural Areas: A desire to experience natural areas before they disappear.
    • Educative and Challenging Vacations: Desire for educational and more challenging vacations.
    • Novel Destinations: Desire to explore unique/new destinations, i.e., to be the first person.
    • Accessible Destinations: Easier access to remote ecotourism places.

    Nature-Based Recreation and Ecotourism Sites Characteristics

    • Attractiveness: Rich in natural and cultural features, unique and authentic characteristics.
    • Activities: Special interest activities and educational experiences for visitors.
    • Accessibility: Relatively comfortable facilities (accommodations, places to eat, water supply).

    Natural Resources for Ecotourism

    • Examples: Waterfalls, natural lakes, forest ecosystems, cave systems, flora and fauna.

    Malaysia's Ecotourism Potential

    • Requirements: High-quality experience, environmental and cultural sustainability, accessibility, and safety and health.

    Ecotourism Attractions

    • Examples: Caves, mountains, rivers, wildlife, etcetera showing the types of attractions or destinations in the ecotourism sector..

    Landscape Features

    • Examples: Limestone caves in Gunung Mulu National Park, pinnacles, and more.

    Flora & Fauna Species

    • Examples: Rafflesia flowers in Gunung Gading National Park; monkeys, hornbills, sea turtles.

    Coral Triangle

    • Location: Important geographical region in Asia for coral reefs and biodiversity; includes Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands

    Marine Eco-Destinations in BIMP-EAGA

    • Priority Areas: Focus on areas crucial for conservation in the Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion, categorized into globally outstanding, regionally outstanding, and subregionally outstanding.

    The Heart of Borneo

    • Conservation Efforts: Focus on conserving the contiguous tropical rainforest.

    Culture

    • Destinations: Region examples: Siem Reap, Hue, Luang Prabang, Central Java, Papua, Yunnan in Asia, PRC, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Sri Lanka show cultural destinations.

    Emerging Destinations in Asia

    • Examples: Sabah, Palawan, Laos, NW Viet Nam, NE Cambodia, South Central Sulawesi, Sarawak, Papua, Sumatra, Yunnan PRC, Chilbo, DPRK and the Himalayas represent emerging destinations in Asia.

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