Ecosystems and their Functions
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a decomposer?

  • They are capable of photosynthesis. (correct)
  • They are vital for recycling nutrients in the environment.
  • They break down organic material.
  • They play a crucial role in the food web.
  • Which of the following is an example of an organism that can be classified as both a consumer and a producer?

  • A tree
  • A cow (correct)
  • A fungus
  • A lion
  • Which of the following correctly describes the process by which plants store carbon in their bodies?

  • Cellular division
  • Respiration
  • Photosynthesis (correct)
  • Decompostion
  • What is the primary difference between a herbivore and a carnivore?

    <p>Herbivores obtain energy from plants, while carnivores obtain energy from other animals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the food web illustrate the interconnectedness of living organisms?

    <p>It demonstrates how energy flows through an ecosystem, connecting different organisms. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the meaning of the Japanese proverb: 'Kaze-ga-fukeba, oke-ya-ga-moukaru'? (⾵が吹けば桶屋が儲かる)

    <p>When the wind blows, the barrel maker profits. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the primary source of energy for the web of nature?

    <p>The Sun (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the carbon cycle in the web of nature?

    <p>It allows for the exchange of carbon between living organisms and the environment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a component of an ecosystem?

    <p>The number of stars in the sky (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does photosynthesis contribute to the web of nature?

    <p>It provides food for animals. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of carnivorous animals in a food chain?

    <p>To control the population of herbivores. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the relationship between ecosystems and organisms?

    <p>Organisms and ecosystems are interdependent, with each influencing the other. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What example of a local-scale ecosystem is mentioned in the content?

    <p>A sloth's back (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In food web ex. 01, which organism is responsible for breaking down large organic matter into smaller organic matter?

    <p>Oribatid mites (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

    <p>To break down dead organic matter and release nutrients back into the ecosystem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of decomposer mentioned in the content?

    <p>Scavengers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of energy for both food webs shown in the content?

    <p>Producers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are decomposers considered essential for the continued functioning of an ecosystem?

    <p>They break down organic matter and release nutrients back into the ecosystem, allowing for the continued growth of producers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the ecosystem summary diagram, what inorganic compounds are mentioned as being released back into the ecosystem by decomposers?

    <p>Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the content, what is the relationship between decomposers and producers?

    <p>Decomposers break down dead organic matter, releasing nutrients that producers can then use for growth (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of decomposition?

    <p>The process of converting large organic molecules into smaller, simpler molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the content, how do the types of decomposers in food web ex. 01 differ from those in food web ex. 02?

    <p>Food web ex. 01 includes only microscopic decomposers, while food web ex. 02 includes larger decomposers like earthworms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a producer in the food web shown in the content?

    <p>Plants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Carnivorous animals

    Animals that primarily consume other animals.

    Herbivorous animals

    Animals that primarily consume plants.

    Photosynthesis

    Process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy.

    Decomposers

    Organisms that break down dead organic material into inorganic compounds.

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    Food web

    A complex network of feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem.

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    Ecosystem

    A community of living organisms interacting with their non-living environment.

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    Carbon Cycle

    The process of carbon exchange among the atmosphere, land, water, and organisms.

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    Nitrogen Cycle

    The series of processes by which nitrogen and its compounds are interconverted in the environment and in living organisms.

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    Food Chain

    A linear sequence of organisms through which nutrients and energy pass as one organism eats another.

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    Role of Photosynthetic Organisms

    They produce oxygen and glucose, essential for life and energy in ecosystems.

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    Web of Nature

    The interconnected relationships between different organisms and their environment.

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    Scavengers

    Animals that consume dead or decaying organic matter.

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    Vultures

    Birds that feed on carrion or dead animals.

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    Termites

    Insects that break down wood and plant materials.

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    Earth Worms

    Soil-dwelling organisms that digest organic matter.

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    Fungi

    A kingdom of decomposers that include molds and mushrooms.

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    Bacteria

    Microscopic organisms that help decompose organic matter.

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    Photosynthetic Plants

    Organisms that use sunlight to create energy and food.

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    Nutrient Cycling

    The continuous movement of nutrients through living and non-living things.

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    Study Notes

    Web of Nature

    • Organisms, including humans, rely on ecosystems.
    • A Japanese proverb states: "When the wind blows, the barrel maker profits" (風が吹けば桶屋が儲かる).
    • Ecosystems consist of living and non-living things.
    • Ecosystem function relies on photosynthesis.
    • Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to produce oxygen (O2) and glucose.
    • Photosynthesis allows plants to grow.
    • Photosynthesis is vital for the ecosystem.
    • The carbon cycle occurs in nature.
    • The nitrogen cycle is part of natural processes.

    Ecosystem Variety

    • Ecosystems come in global and local scales.
    • Local examples may include a sloth's back.
    • Globally, ecosystems involve large environments.

    Food Chain/Web

    • Food chains track the flow of energy through living organisms.
    • Organisms can act as producers (plants) or consumers (animals).
    • Consumers can be carnivores (meat eaters), herbivores (plant eaters), omnivores (both eaters)
    • Food webs show interconnected relationships within ecosystems.

    Decomposers

    • Decomposers are organisms that break down organic materials into inorganic compounds.
    • Soil organisms decompose organic material.
    • Examples of decomposers include fungi, bacteria, and some soil animals.
    • Scavengers are a type of decomposer.
    • Decomposers recycle nutrients in ecosystems.

    Photosynthesis

    • Photosynthesis in plants results in oxygen as a byproduct.
    • Plants use carbon in photosynthesis.
    • Photosynthesis converts carbon into plant material.

    Carbon Cycle

    • Summary of the carbon cycle in ecosystems.
    • Carbon moves between living and non-living matter.
    • Photosynthetic organisms play a crucial role in the carbon cycle.
    • Consumers take in carbon-containing matter from plants.
    • Decomposers contribute to the carbon cycle, breaking down organic matter.
    • Storage of carbon also occurs in different forms, such as in forests.
    • Conversion of organic matter into carbon-based fuels, such as coal, is one natural process.

    Nitrogen Cycle

    • Summarizing the nitrogen cycle process.
    • Atmospheric nitrogen is converted to usable forms.
    • Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to a usable form for plants.
    • Plants use this fixed nitrogen to make proteins, other compounds used by ecosystems.
    • In the cycle, decomposers are essential for transforming nitrogen-containing organic compounds into simpler forms for reuse.
    • Industrial processes like the Haber-Bosch process play a large role converting nitrogen gases into ammonia used in fertilizer production.

    Problems caused by Excess Nutrients

    • Algae blooms and plankton blooms are problems caused by excess nutrients.
    • Excess nutrients can harm ecosystems.

    Planetary Boundaries

    • Limits to human activities on ecosystems.
    • Specific examples of boundaries relate to concentrations of CO2 and nutrient flows that negatively affect processes in the ecosystem.

    Conclusion

    • Photosynthetic organisms are central to ecosystems.
    • Nutrients and carbon are important in maintaining stable ecosystems.

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    Related Documents

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    Description

    This quiz explores the intricate relationships within ecosystems, including their essential processes like photosynthesis and the cycles of carbon and nitrogen. Understand how organisms interact and rely on each other for energy through food chains and food webs, as well as the distinction between local and global ecosystems.

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