Ecosystems and Sustainable Development Goals

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Questions and Answers

What characterizes the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?

They are interconnected and interdependent. (correct)

They prioritize social goals over environmental goals.

They function independently of each other.

They can be divided into separate categories.

Which of the following is NOT one of the SDGs directly linked to SDG 3: Good health and wellbeing?

Climate action

No poverty

Responsible consumption (correct)

Quality education

What does it mean that the SDGs are described as indivisible?

Each goal can be achieved independently.

The goals require individual prioritization based on need.

Each SDG addresses unrelated global issues.

The goals cannot be separated from one another in their implementation. (correct)

How does SDG 3 relate to the other Sustainable Development Goals?

It supports the achievement of other SDGs while being supported by them. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of SDG goals emphasizes the importance of collaboration?

Collaboration is crucial across all sectors and levels. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does achieving good health and wellbeing impact the other SDGs?

It enhances the likelihood of achieving other SDGs. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly defines interdependence among the SDGs?

Progress in one goal can positively affect others. Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary sectors that need to collaborate for the achievement of SDGs?

All sectors at various levels. Signup and view all the answers

What does the SDG 3 focus on promoting?

Healthy lives and wellbeing for all ages Signup and view all the answers

Among the following, which is a main cause of maternal mortality?

Obstructed labor Signup and view all the answers

How is the maternal mortality ratio defined?

The number of mothers who die per 100,000 live births due to pregnancy-related complications Signup and view all the answers

Which population is most affected by high maternal mortality rates?

Low- and middle-income countries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically included as a feature of SDG 3?

Reducing sugar consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of AIDS?

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Signup and view all the answers

Why is SDG 3 important for global health and wellbeing?

It addresses health inequalities among different income groups Signup and view all the answers

How is HIV primarily transmitted?

Through exchange of infected bodily fluids Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of adults who are HIV positive contracted the infection through unprotected sexual intercourse?

75–85 per cent Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the action areas under SDG 3?

Access to safe and effective medicines Signup and view all the answers

In which aspect do the actions and outcomes of SDG 3 differ?

Actions are about preventing diseases while outcomes reflect health status Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment helps delay the progression of HIV to AIDS?

Antiretroviral drugs (ART) Signup and view all the answers

What is one way HIV can be passed from an infected mother to child?

During pregnancy or birth Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the treatment of HIV?

ART involves a combination of three or more drugs. Signup and view all the answers

What improvement has been noted in relation to HIV/AIDS?

Decreased mortality from AIDS-related illnesses Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of TB deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries?

More than 95% Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Swaziland?

Close to 10 per cent of the population are orphans Signup and view all the answers

In 2019, what percentage of new TB cases were officially notified to national authorities?

71% Signup and view all the answers

Which group experienced the highest percentage of TB cases in 2019?

Men Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical factor for ending the tuberculosis epidemic?

Increased funding for health services Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the BCG vaccine?

To prevent TB in children Signup and view all the answers

What major public health threat continues to be associated with TB?

Drug-resistant TB Signup and view all the answers

Which demographic considers TB as one of the top five causes of death?

Women aged 14–44 Signup and view all the answers

What is suggested as necessary for the future of TB diagnosis and treatment?

Investment in research and development Signup and view all the answers

What is one method to control the carriers of neglected tropical diseases?

Vector control Signup and view all the answers

Which approach is recommended for treating neglected tropical diseases?

Safe and effective drugs Signup and view all the answers

What role does veterinary public health play in preventing neglected tropical diseases?

It addresses diseases transmitted between animals and humans. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a strategy for preventing neglected tropical diseases?

Ignoring hygiene practices Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection involves swimming in contaminated freshwater?

Schistosomiasis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ecosystems

Ecosystems consist of plants, animals, micro-organisms, air, water, soil, and rocks.
All components of an ecosystem are interdependent and mutually reliant.

Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDGs are interconnected, indivisible, and complement one another.
Achieving the SDGs requires collaboration across all sectors and levels (international, national, regional, and local).
SDG 3 focuses on good health and well-being, which supports the success of other SDGs and is influenced by them.

Key Interrelated SDGs

SDG 1: No Poverty
SDG 2: Zero Hunger
SDG 4: Quality Education
SDG 5: Gender Equality
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation
SDG 13: Climate Action

Maternal and Child Health (Part of SDG 3)

Maternal mortality refers to deaths from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth, particularly common in low- and middle-income countries.
Key causes of maternal mortality include hemorrhage, sepsis, and obstructed labor.

HIV/AIDS

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) leads to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) and weakens the immune system.
Transmission occurs through bodily fluids, primarily during unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child.
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) involves multiple drugs to manage HIV and delay progression to AIDS; it does not cure HIV.

Tuberculosis (TB)

TB remains a leading global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, despite being curable.
In 2019, approximately 10 million people contracted TB, with a significant proportion being men and women of childbearing age.
The BCG vaccine has been effective in preventing TB in children, with coverage reported in 153 countries.

Neglected Tropical Diseases

Effective strategies for combating neglected tropical diseases include drug treatment, vector control, and improvements in water and sanitation.
Key examples include reducing the spread of schistosomiasis through better sanitation and veterinary public health measures.

Health and Wellbeing

Addressing issues related to maternal health, HIV/AIDS, and TB is crucial for achieving SDG 3 and enhancing global health outcomes.
Increased funding, accessibility to healthcare, and advancements in research and development are essential for tackling these health challenges.

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Description

Explore the interconnectedness of ecosystems including plants, animals, and environmental factors. This quiz delves into the Sustainable Development Goals and their impact on social, economic, and environmental aspects of life.