Ecosystems and Biosphere

Both biotic and abiotic components

Unidirectional and noncyclic

Cyclic

<p>Limiting factors of the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They undergo succession</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arthur Tansley</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Grasses, which are small in size but very large in number</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Narrow base and broader middle level</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreasing in number at higher trophic levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parasitic food chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lesser and lesser in number</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The producers are small in size but very large in number, and the population size decreases at higher trophic levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It indicates the role of environmental factors on the distribution and survival of organisms in different ecosystems.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Biotic components are living entities, including microbes, animals, plants, and their products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two types of producers are photosynthetic and chemosynthetic. Photosynthetic producers use sunlight, chlorophyll, and water to manufacture food, while chemosynthetic producers use chemical energy from chemical reactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Green plants manufacture their own food using energy from the sun, making them the primary producers of an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consumers are organisms that obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter, and they play a crucial role in energy transfer and nutrient cycling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Energy from the sun is used by photosynthetic producers to manufacture food, which supports the energy needs of the entire ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primary consumers (herbivores) eat producers, secondary consumers (smaller carnivores) eat herbivores, and tertiary consumers (larger carnivores) eat smaller carnivores.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decomposers break down dead organic material into simpler substances that are used by plants as nutrition. If they were absent, all the nutrients would be tied up in dead matter and no new life could be produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Macro consumers are larger consumer organisms that feed on producers, while micro-consumers or decomposers are small organisms like worms, insects, bacteria, and fungi that break down dead organic material.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trophic structure is the assemblage of living components of an ecosystem organized in an orderly manner, with producers and consumers arranged together in various levels according to their inter-relationships or food relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three biotic components are producers (green plants), consumers (herbivores and carnivores), and decomposers (microorganisms). Producers produce energy, consumers obtain energy, and decomposers recycle nutrients.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A snake is an example of a secondary consumer, and it would eat a primary consumer like a grasshopper.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microorganisms return organic carbon present in dead matter to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Global warming due to enhanced carbon dioxide emissions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rocks and fossils.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excess phosphates are lost as run-off, leading to eutrophication of lakes and algal blooms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They return phosphorus to the land through their droppings or excreta after consuming phosphorus-rich sea-fishes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The phosphorus cycle is becoming acyclic due to over-exploitation and loss of phosphorus into oceans.</p> Signup and view all the answers