Écosystème et biodiversité

Study Notes

Ecosystem

An ecosystem encompasses all living organisms (biotic factors) in a given area interacting with their physical environment (abiotic factors).
Key components include producers (autotrophs), consumers (heterotrophs), and decomposers.
Examples of abiotic factors include sunlight, temperature, water, and soil.
Ecosystems can range in size from small ponds to large oceans.
Energy flows through ecosystems via food chains and food webs.
Nutrient cycles are crucial for maintaining ecosystem health, involving the continuous movement of nutrients.
Human activities can significantly impact ecosystems, leading to changes in biodiversity and function.
Ecosystem services, like clean air and water, pollination, and climate regulation, are crucial for human well-being.
Natural disturbances, like fires and floods, can reshape ecosystems and create opportunities for new species.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems. Includes genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity.
Genetic diversity within species is crucial for adaptation and resilience to environmental changes.
Species diversity refers to the number and abundance of different species present in a given area.
High species diversity usually indicates a healthy and stable ecosystem.
Ecosystem diversity encompasses the variety of habitats, communities, and ecological processes within a region.
Tropical rainforests are often cited as having high biodiversity due to their complex structure and varied resources.
Loss of biodiversity can have cascading effects throughout ecosystems.
Threats to biodiversity include habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, climate change, and invasive species.
Conservation efforts aim to protect and restore habitats, manage populations, and reduce threats to biodiversity.
Maintaining biodiversity is essential for ecosystem functioning and human well-being.
Biodiversity plays a crucial role in supporting various ecosystem services and resilience to environmental changes.
Conservation strategies often involve establishing protected areas, restoring degraded habitats, and promoting sustainable practices.

Description

Ce quiz explore les concepts fondamentaux des écosystèmes et de la biodiversité. Il couvre les interactions entre organismes vivants et facteurs abiotiques, ainsi que l'importance des cycles de nutriments. Testez vos connaissances sur les services des écosystèmes et l'impact des activités humaines sur la biodiversité.