Ecosystem: Food Chain Components
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Questions and Answers

குடும்ப அங்கத்தவர்களில் ஒருவர் அப்பா

சரி

இரண்டு கால்கள் கொண்ட பிராணி மாடு ஆகும்.

பிழை

வீட்டுக்கு வரும் உறவினர்களில் மாமாவும் ஒருவராவார்.

சரி

கத்தரி செடிவகைத் தாவரமாகும்.

<p>சரி</p> Signup and view all the answers

கட்டில் வகுப்பறையில் காணப்படும் ஒரு உபகரணமாகும்.

<p>பிழை</p> Signup and view all the answers

Food chains are isolated and do not interact with each other.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

உயிரியல் பல்வகைமை என்பது ஒரு சுற்றாடலில் உள்ள தாவரங்கள், விலங்குகள், சிறுநீர்கள் ஆகியவற்றின் எண்ணிக்கையை மட்டும் குறிக்கிறது.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

இனங்களின் பல்வகைமை என்பது ஒரு சுற்றாடலில் உள்ள பல்வேறு இனங்களின் எண்ணிக்கையைக் குறிக்கிறது.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

சுற்றாடல் சேவைகள் என்பது காற்று, நீர் தூய்மை, மண்ணாக்கத் தொடர்பான சேவைகளைக் குறிக்கிறது.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

பல்வகைமையின் முக்கியத்துவம் உணவு பாதுகாப்பு, மருந்து ஆகியவற்றில் மட்டும் உள்ளது.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

உயிரியல் பல்வகைமையை அழிக்கும் காரணிகளில் சூழல் அழிவு, காலநிலை மாற்றம், அதிக பயன்பாடு ஆகியவை உள்ளன.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

உயிரியல் பல்வகைமையை பாதுகாக்கும் நடவடிக்கைகள் எதுவும் இல்லை.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

சுற்றாடல் (Ecosystem)

Food Chain

A food chain is a series of organisms that eat other organisms, with each level representing a trophic level.

Components of a Food Chain:
  1. Producers: Autotrophic organisms like plants, phytoplankton, and algae that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
  2. Primary Consumers: Herbivores that feed on producers, such as insects, rodents, and deer.
  3. Secondary Consumers: Carnivores that feed on primary consumers, such as frogs, snakes, and birds of prey.
  4. Tertiary Consumers: Apex predators that feed on secondary consumers, such as sharks, lions, and top predators.
  5. Decomposers: Organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead organic matter.
Characteristics of a Food Chain:
  • Energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, with some energy lost as heat at each level.
  • Each trophic level has a specific role and is dependent on the previous level.
  • Food chains are interconnected and form a complex network.
Types of Food Chains:
  1. Grassland Food Chain: Producers → Herbivores → Carnivores → Apex Predators
  2. Aquatic Food Chain: Phytoplankton → Zooplankton → Fish → Top Predators
  3. Forest Food Chain: Trees → Insects → Small Mammals → Large Predators

Ecosystem: Food Chain

  • A food chain is a series of organisms that eat other organisms, with each level representing a trophic level.

Components of a Food Chain

  • Producers: autotrophic organisms like plants, phytoplankton, and algae that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
  • Primary Consumers: herbivores that feed on producers, such as insects, rodents, and deer.
  • Secondary Consumers: carnivores that feed on primary consumers, such as frogs, snakes, and birds of prey.
  • Tertiary Consumers: apex predators that feed on secondary consumers, such as sharks, lions, and top predators.
  • Decomposers: organisms like bacteria and fungi that break down dead organic matter.

Characteristics of a Food Chain

  • Energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next, with some energy lost as heat at each level.
  • Each trophic level has a specific role and is dependent on the previous level.
  • Food chains are interconnected and form a complex network.

Types of Food Chains

  • Grassland Food Chain: producers → herbivores → carnivores → apex predators.
  • Aquatic Food Chain: phytoplankton → zooplankton → fish → top predators.
  • Forest Food Chain: trees → insects → small mammals → large predators.

Definition of Biodiversity

  • Biodiversity refers to the variety of different species of plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in an ecosystem or on Earth as a whole.
  • It also includes genetic diversity within each species, variety of ecosystems, and interactions between different species and their environment.

Types of Biodiversity

  • Species diversity: Number of different species present in an ecosystem.
  • Genetic diversity: Variety of genes within a species or population.
  • Ecosystem diversity: Variety of different ecosystems present in an area, such as forests, grasslands, and deserts.

Importance of Biodiversity

  • Ecosystem services: Biodiversity provides essential services like air and water purification, soil formation, and climate regulation.
  • Food security: Many crops and livestock rely on biodiversity to pollinate, control pests, and maintain soil health.
  • Medicine: Biodiversity is a source of new medicines and treatments for human diseases.

Threats to Biodiversity

  • Habitat destruction: Human activities like deforestation, land conversion, and pollution lead to habitat loss and fragmentation.
  • Climate change: Rising temperatures and changing weather patterns affect the distribution and extinction of species.
  • Overexploitation: Overhunting, overfishing, and unsustainable harvesting of resources threaten biodiversity.

Conservation of Biodiversity

  • Protected areas: National parks, wildlife reserves, and other protected areas help preserve habitats and ecosystems.
  • Sustainable practices: Sustainable agriculture, forestry, and fishing reduce the impact of human activities on biodiversity.
  • Education and awareness: Raising awareness about the importance of biodiversity and the threats it faces inspires individual and collective action to conserve it.

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Description

Learn about the components of a food chain, including producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers, and understand their roles in an ecosystem.

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