Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes habitat diversity?
Which of the following best describes habitat diversity?
- The range of different habitats in an ecosystem or biome. (correct)
- The total number of different species in an ecosystem.
- The genetic variability within a single population.
- The relative proportions of different species in a community.
Richness, by itself, is a complete measure of biodiversity because it accounts for ecosystem stability.
Richness, by itself, is a complete measure of biodiversity because it accounts for ecosystem stability.
False (B)
What are the two components that species diversity encompass?
What are the two components that species diversity encompass?
richness and evenness
Genetic mutations are ______ changes to an organism's DNA.
Genetic mutations are ______ changes to an organism's DNA.
Match the following diversity types with their descriptions:
Match the following diversity types with their descriptions:
Why is sexual reproduction considered an energy-intensive process?
Why is sexual reproduction considered an energy-intensive process?
A population of frogs in a pond exhibits high genetic diversity - some are resistant to a common fungal infection, while others are not. If the fungal infection spreads rapidly, what is the likely outcome for the frog population?
A population of frogs in a pond exhibits high genetic diversity - some are resistant to a common fungal infection, while others are not. If the fungal infection spreads rapidly, what is the likely outcome for the frog population?
Imagine a remote island ecosystem characterized by a single, dominant tree species that provides food and shelter for nearly all other organisms. A newly introduced, highly aggressive insect pest begins to decimate the tree population at an alarming rate. Which of the following scenarios would most critically determine the long-term resilience of this island ecosystem?
Imagine a remote island ecosystem characterized by a single, dominant tree species that provides food and shelter for nearly all other organisms. A newly introduced, highly aggressive insect pest begins to decimate the tree population at an alarming rate. Which of the following scenarios would most critically determine the long-term resilience of this island ecosystem?
Which of the following is an example of a direct threat to biodiversity?
Which of the following is an example of a direct threat to biodiversity?
Invasive alien species are native to the ecosystem they now inhabit.
Invasive alien species are native to the ecosystem they now inhabit.
What is the term for illegally hunting or catching game on land that is not one's own?
What is the term for illegally hunting or catching game on land that is not one's own?
The exploiting of a natural resource until its supply is so diminished that its exploitation is no longer sustainable, is known as ______.
The exploiting of a natural resource until its supply is so diminished that its exploitation is no longer sustainable, is known as ______.
Match the following categories from the IUCN Red List with their respective descriptions:
Match the following categories from the IUCN Red List with their respective descriptions:
Which factor is NOT used to determine the conservation status of a species according to the IUCN?
Which factor is NOT used to determine the conservation status of a species according to the IUCN?
Assigning a global conservation status hinders the efforts of governments and NGOs.
Assigning a global conservation status hinders the efforts of governments and NGOs.
Name one species that has gone extinct due to human activity, as mentioned in the text.
Name one species that has gone extinct due to human activity, as mentioned in the text.
Areas that contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity are known as Key Biodiversity ______.
Areas that contribute significantly to the global persistence of biodiversity are known as Key Biodiversity ______.
Which of the following best defines 'sustainable development'?
Which of the following best defines 'sustainable development'?
What was Charles Darwin's specific reason for keeping and breeding fancy pigeons?
What was Charles Darwin's specific reason for keeping and breeding fancy pigeons?
The tragedy of the commons arises from the alignment of individual self-interest and shared benefits of sustainable development.
The tragedy of the commons arises from the alignment of individual self-interest and shared benefits of sustainable development.
Seed banks contribute to maintaining biodiversity by preserving seeds for potential future use during disasters.
Seed banks contribute to maintaining biodiversity by preserving seeds for potential future use during disasters.
In the context of Bako-Buntal Bay, what is a major economic driver that contributes to habitat loss?
In the context of Bako-Buntal Bay, what is a major economic driver that contributes to habitat loss?
The geological timescale is divided into eons, which are further classified into what three units?
The geological timescale is divided into eons, which are further classified into what three units?
The __________ explosion occurred about 539.8 million years ago, marking the appearance of many new fossils with mineralized skeletons.
The __________ explosion occurred about 539.8 million years ago, marking the appearance of many new fossils with mineralized skeletons.
Weak land-use policies, corruption, and inconsistent enforcement related to palm oil production are issues related to ______.
Weak land-use policies, corruption, and inconsistent enforcement related to palm oil production are issues related to ______.
Which statement describes an 'insanely difficult' aspect of the palm oil conflict in Key Biodiversity Areas?
Which statement describes an 'insanely difficult' aspect of the palm oil conflict in Key Biodiversity Areas?
Match the following mass extinction causes with their descriptions:
Match the following mass extinction causes with their descriptions:
RSPO certification guarantees complete oversight and sustainability in palm oil production, eliminating all environmental impacts.
RSPO certification guarantees complete oversight and sustainability in palm oil production, eliminating all environmental impacts.
What primarily characterizes the proposed geological epoch known as the Anthropocene?
What primarily characterizes the proposed geological epoch known as the Anthropocene?
The existence and start date of the Anthropocene epoch are universally agreed upon by scientists.
The existence and start date of the Anthropocene epoch are universally agreed upon by scientists.
Changes caused by human impacts will be detectable in what record over time?
Changes caused by human impacts will be detectable in what record over time?
Environmental laws specifically refer to the rules about how human beings use and impact ________ ________.
Environmental laws specifically refer to the rules about how human beings use and impact ________ ________.
What does environmental justice primarily advocate for?
What does environmental justice primarily advocate for?
Lobbying refers to attempts by individuals or private interest groups to influence government decisions.
Lobbying refers to attempts by individuals or private interest groups to influence government decisions.
Effective enforcement of environmental laws requires what type of institutions?
Effective enforcement of environmental laws requires what type of institutions?
Sweden’s Environmental Code was enacted in what year?
Sweden’s Environmental Code was enacted in what year?
In environmental constitutionalism, what does the introduction of environmental rights and obligations into the constitution achieve?
In environmental constitutionalism, what does the introduction of environmental rights and obligations into the constitution achieve?
Match the following countries with their pioneering environmental constitutional efforts:
Match the following countries with their pioneering environmental constitutional efforts:
What does a higher value of 'D' signify in Simpson's Reciprocal Index?
What does a higher value of 'D' signify in Simpson's Reciprocal Index?
Evolution refers to small changes in the heritable characteristics of a population or species.
Evolution refers to small changes in the heritable characteristics of a population or species.
What is the driving mechanism behind evolutionary change, as proposed by Charles Darwin?
What is the driving mechanism behind evolutionary change, as proposed by Charles Darwin?
Natural selection relies on genetic diversity to create ______ within a population.
Natural selection relies on genetic diversity to create ______ within a population.
Match the concept of natural selection with its description:
Match the concept of natural selection with its description:
Which factor has NOT significantly led to evolutionary changes in species?
Which factor has NOT significantly led to evolutionary changes in species?
Speciation can occur when a population of a species faces identical environmental conditions.
Speciation can occur when a population of a species faces identical environmental conditions.
What natural barrier separates bonobos and chimpanzees, contributing to their speciation?
What natural barrier separates bonobos and chimpanzees, contributing to their speciation?
Unlike natural selection, ______ selection relies on human intervention to select and breed organisms with desired traits.
Unlike natural selection, ______ selection relies on human intervention to select and breed organisms with desired traits.
What distinguishes artificial selection from natural selection?
What distinguishes artificial selection from natural selection?
The formation of the Isthmus of Panama led to the merging of species from the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
The formation of the Isthmus of Panama led to the merging of species from the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea.
Which of the following human activities has not directly influenced the evolution of species through artificial selection?
Which of the following human activities has not directly influenced the evolution of species through artificial selection?
Explain why genetic variation is essential for natural selection to occur.
Explain why genetic variation is essential for natural selection to occur.
The gradual evolution of extravagant features in birds of paradise, like vibrant plumage, exemplifies the concept of descent with ______.
The gradual evolution of extravagant features in birds of paradise, like vibrant plumage, exemplifies the concept of descent with ______.
An apple maggot population originally only laid eggs on hawthorn apples, but now some lay eggs on domestic apples. What evolutionary process is this an example of?
An apple maggot population originally only laid eggs on hawthorn apples, but now some lay eggs on domestic apples. What evolutionary process is this an example of?
What problem does the 'tragedy of the commons' primarily highlight?
What problem does the 'tragedy of the commons' primarily highlight?
Traditional Indigenous approaches to land management are always sustainable, regardless of external factors.
Traditional Indigenous approaches to land management are always sustainable, regardless of external factors.
What is one way we can reverse the decline in biodiversity?
What is one way we can reverse the decline in biodiversity?
Ecotourism always benefits all members of a local community equally.
Ecotourism always benefits all members of a local community equally.
What are two possible effects of increased foot traffic from tourists in protected areas?
What are two possible effects of increased foot traffic from tourists in protected areas?
Economic arguments for conservation include considerations of ecotourism, genetic resources, and the natural ______.
Economic arguments for conservation include considerations of ecotourism, genetic resources, and the natural ______.
Match the conservation strategy with its description:
Match the conservation strategy with its description:
The precautionary principle mandates action be taken if there is a ______ risk of harm to humans and the environment, even without complete scientific proof.
The precautionary principle mandates action be taken if there is a ______ risk of harm to humans and the environment, even without complete scientific proof.
Match the environmental perspective with its conservation approach:
Match the environmental perspective with its conservation approach:
Which of the following is the BEST example of an ecological argument for species preservation?
Which of the following is the BEST example of an ecological argument for species preservation?
Which economic sector might be negatively impacted as local communities shift their focus to tourism-related jobs?
Which economic sector might be negatively impacted as local communities shift their focus to tourism-related jobs?
CITES only focuses on protecting plant species from international trade.
CITES only focuses on protecting plant species from international trade.
The economic value of biodiversity is always simple to determine.
The economic value of biodiversity is always simple to determine.
What is the primary purpose of selecting a 'flagship species' in conservation?
What is the primary purpose of selecting a 'flagship species' in conservation?
Name two potential disruptions to wildlife caused by tourism activities.
Name two potential disruptions to wildlife caused by tourism activities.
The Convention on Biological Diversity was opened for signature at the UN Earth Summit in ______.
The Convention on Biological Diversity was opened for signature at the UN Earth Summit in ______.
Which of the following is NOT a listed disadvantage of the flagship conservation approach?
Which of the following is NOT a listed disadvantage of the flagship conservation approach?
If a local government sets visitor limits for a protected site, what is a challenge that might undermine this conservation effort?
If a local government sets visitor limits for a protected site, what is a challenge that might undermine this conservation effort?
Appendix I of CITES allows for the international trade of species threatened by extinction under strict regulations.
Appendix I of CITES allows for the international trade of species threatened by extinction under strict regulations.
____ can alter animal behavior, causing some species to avoid certain areas or abandon nests.
____ can alter animal behavior, causing some species to avoid certain areas or abandon nests.
What is the main difference between in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies?
What is the main difference between in-situ and ex-situ conservation strategies?
Which international organization publishes the Red List of threatened species?
Which international organization publishes the Red List of threatened species?
A conservation approach that considers both habitats and particular species, often using flagship or keystone species, is known as a ______ approach.
A conservation approach that considers both habitats and particular species, often using flagship or keystone species, is known as a ______ approach.
Insanely Difficult: Imagine a scenario where a local community's traditional hunting grounds fall within a newly established national park. The park aims to protect a keystone species, but restrictions on hunting are causing severe food shortages for the community. Which ethical framework would BEST address this complex situation, balancing conservation needs with human well-being?
Insanely Difficult: Imagine a scenario where a local community's traditional hunting grounds fall within a newly established national park. The park aims to protect a keystone species, but restrictions on hunting are causing severe food shortages for the community. Which ethical framework would BEST address this complex situation, balancing conservation needs with human well-being?
Which characteristic is generally true of governmental organizations (GOs) involved in conservation?
Which characteristic is generally true of governmental organizations (GOs) involved in conservation?
Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) always have legally binding agreements under international law.
Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) always have legally binding agreements under international law.
What is an ecotone in the context of conservation area design?
What is an ecotone in the context of conservation area design?
In a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, the area where communities foster sustainable economic activities is called the _______ area.
In a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, the area where communities foster sustainable economic activities is called the _______ area.
Match the following conservation strategies with their descriptions:
Match the following conservation strategies with their descriptions:
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the concept of rewilding?
Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the concept of rewilding?
Positive feedback loops in ecosystems always lead to desirable outcomes for biodiversity conservation.
Positive feedback loops in ecosystems always lead to desirable outcomes for biodiversity conservation.
What is the primary goal of 'No Mow May' as a rewilding strategy?
What is the primary goal of 'No Mow May' as a rewilding strategy?
The shape of a conservation area is important, with a _______ shape being preferred to minimize edge effects.
The shape of a conservation area is important, with a _______ shape being preferred to minimize edge effects.
What is the role of a 'corridor' in the design of effective conservation areas?
What is the role of a 'corridor' in the design of effective conservation areas?
Reducing the financial resources available to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) generally increases their effectiveness in conservation efforts.
Reducing the financial resources available to non-governmental organizations (NGOs) generally increases their effectiveness in conservation efforts.
Name two factors, aside from financial resources, that affect the effectiveness of organizations involved in conserving ecosystems and biodiversity.
Name two factors, aside from financial resources, that affect the effectiveness of organizations involved in conserving ecosystems and biodiversity.
A self-amplifying feedback loop that destabilizes an ecosystem is known as a _______ feedback loop.
A self-amplifying feedback loop that destabilizes an ecosystem is known as a _______ feedback loop.
According to the UNESCO biosphere reserve model, which area is strictly protected for conservation purposes?
According to the UNESCO biosphere reserve model, which area is strictly protected for conservation purposes?
Rewilding projects always receive immediate and universal support from local communities.
Rewilding projects always receive immediate and universal support from local communities.
Flashcards
Biodiversity
Biodiversity
The total diversity of living systems at various levels.
Habitat Diversity
Habitat Diversity
The range of different habitats in an ecosystem or biome.
Genetic Diversity
Genetic Diversity
The range of genetic material present in a population of a species.
Species Diversity
Species Diversity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Richness
Richness
Signup and view all the flashcards
Evenness
Evenness
Signup and view all the flashcards
Genetic Mutations
Genetic Mutations
Signup and view all the flashcards
Biodiversity Hotspots
Biodiversity Hotspots
Signup and view all the flashcards
Geological Timescale
Geological Timescale
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cambrian Explosion
Cambrian Explosion
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mass Extinctions
Mass Extinctions
Signup and view all the flashcards
The Anthropocene
The Anthropocene
Signup and view all the flashcards
Environmental Laws
Environmental Laws
Signup and view all the flashcards
Environmental Justice
Environmental Justice
Signup and view all the flashcards
Carbon Taxation
Carbon Taxation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sweden's Environmental Code
Sweden's Environmental Code
Signup and view all the flashcards
Climate Act (Klimatlagen)
Climate Act (Klimatlagen)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Environmental Constitutionalism
Environmental Constitutionalism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Geological Record
Geological Record
Signup and view all the flashcards
Seed Banks
Seed Banks
Signup and view all the flashcards
Fossils
Fossils
Signup and view all the flashcards
Human Impacts
Human Impacts
Signup and view all the flashcards
Effective Enforcement
Effective Enforcement
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ecotourism
Ecotourism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Endangered Species
Endangered Species
Signup and view all the flashcards
Environmental Degradation
Environmental Degradation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Carrying Capacity
Carrying Capacity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Waste Management
Waste Management
Signup and view all the flashcards
Social Inequalities from Tourism
Social Inequalities from Tourism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ecocentric Perspective
Ecocentric Perspective
Signup and view all the flashcards
Anthropocentric Perspective
Anthropocentric Perspective
Signup and view all the flashcards
Precautionary Principle
Precautionary Principle
Signup and view all the flashcards
Species Disruption by Tourism
Species Disruption by Tourism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Government Organizations (GOs)
Government Organizations (GOs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)
Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Edge Effect
Edge Effect
Signup and view all the flashcards
Corridors in Conservation
Corridors in Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Proximity of Protected Areas
Proximity of Protected Areas
Signup and view all the flashcards
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Components
UNESCO Biosphere Reserve Components
Signup and view all the flashcards
Rewilding
Rewilding
Signup and view all the flashcards
Cessation of Agriculture
Cessation of Agriculture
Signup and view all the flashcards
Positive Feedback Loops in Conservation
Positive Feedback Loops in Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ecotourism Benefits
Ecotourism Benefits
Signup and view all the flashcards
Economic Benefits of Ecotourism
Economic Benefits of Ecotourism
Signup and view all the flashcards
Funding for Conservation Efforts
Funding for Conservation Efforts
Signup and view all the flashcards
Transition Area in Biosphere Reserves
Transition Area in Biosphere Reserves
Signup and view all the flashcards
Designing Effective Conservation Areas
Designing Effective Conservation Areas
Signup and view all the flashcards
Direct Threats to Biodiversity
Direct Threats to Biodiversity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Indirect Threats to Biodiversity
Indirect Threats to Biodiversity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Pollution
Pollution
Signup and view all the flashcards
Invasive Alien Species
Invasive Alien Species
Signup and view all the flashcards
Over-harvesting
Over-harvesting
Signup and view all the flashcards
Poaching
Poaching
Signup and view all the flashcards
Illegal Pet Trade
Illegal Pet Trade
Signup and view all the flashcards
The IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List
Signup and view all the flashcards
Population Size
Population Size
Signup and view all the flashcards
Breeding Potential
Breeding Potential
Signup and view all the flashcards
Geographic Range
Geographic Range
Signup and view all the flashcards
Conservation Importance
Conservation Importance
Signup and view all the flashcards
Tragedy of the Commons
Tragedy of the Commons
Signup and view all the flashcards
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development
Signup and view all the flashcards
Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)
Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Simpson’s Reciprocal Index
Simpson’s Reciprocal Index
Signup and view all the flashcards
Biodiversity (D)
Biodiversity (D)
Signup and view all the flashcards
Natural Selection
Natural Selection
Signup and view all the flashcards
Evolution
Evolution
Signup and view all the flashcards
Variation in Species
Variation in Species
Signup and view all the flashcards
Adaptation
Adaptation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Overproduction
Overproduction
Signup and view all the flashcards
Descent with Modification
Descent with Modification
Signup and view all the flashcards
Speciation
Speciation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Artificial Selection
Artificial Selection
Signup and view all the flashcards
Isolated Populations
Isolated Populations
Signup and view all the flashcards
Impact of Human Activity
Impact of Human Activity
Signup and view all the flashcards
Congo River Isolation
Congo River Isolation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Birds of Paradise
Birds of Paradise
Signup and view all the flashcards
Traditional Indigenous Approaches
Traditional Indigenous Approaches
Signup and view all the flashcards
Arguments for Conservation
Arguments for Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Economic Reasons for Preservation
Economic Reasons for Preservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ecological Reasons for Preservation
Ecological Reasons for Preservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Species-Based Conservation
Species-Based Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Habitat-Based Conservation
Habitat-Based Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Mixed Conservation Approach
Mixed Conservation Approach
Signup and view all the flashcards
Flagship Species
Flagship Species
Signup and view all the flashcards
Convention on Biological Diversity
Convention on Biological Diversity
Signup and view all the flashcards
CITES
CITES
Signup and view all the flashcards
In-Situ Conservation
In-Situ Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Ex-Situ Conservation
Ex-Situ Conservation
Signup and view all the flashcards
Study Notes
3.1 Biodiversity and Evolution
- Biodiversity encompasses habitat, genetic, and species diversity.
- Habitat diversity refers to the variety of habitats within an ecosystem or biome.
- Genetic diversity is the variation in genetic material within a species population.
- Species diversity is the richness (number of species) and evenness (relative proportions) of species in a community. Simpson's Reciprocal Index quantifies species diversity.
- Genetic mutations are random changes to DNA, potentially creating new gene variants from this random process.
- Sexual reproduction, while energy-intensive, is the dominant method in eukaryotes.
- Biodiversity contributes to ecosystem resilience. Genetic diversity allows organisms to adapt to threats (diseases or predators). Habitat diversity provides alternative components if one habitat is lost.
- Biodiversity is unevenly distributed, with certain areas possessing high concentrations of species.
- Simpson’s Reciprocal Index calculates species diversity (higher values indicate greater diversity). The formula is essential for comparing different ecosystems.
- Evolution is the cumulative change in heritable characteristics in a population or species.
- Natural selection is the mechanism of evolution; variation, overproduction, competition, and adaptation are integral. Natural variation is required for natural selection to function.
- Fitter individuals (better adapted) are more likely to reproduce and transfer advantageous genes to offspring. This results in the evolution of advantageous traits over time and generations.
- Natural variation is influenced by natural genetic diversity, which enables organisms to adjust to environmental pressures, thus driving evolution.
- Genes, made of DNA sequences located on chromosomes, are fundamental units of heredity.
- Speciation is the development of new species from existing ones, often due to isolation and adaptation to different environments.
- The Isthmus of Panama's formation isolated species, leading to speciation in some cases.
- The Congo River separates chimpanzees and bonobos, influencing divergence.
- Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed organisms possessing desired traits.
- Natural selection is driven by environmental pressures while artificial selection is guided by human preferences.
- Fossils document extinct species and help determine their age, using the geological timescale.
- The geological timescale is divided into eons, eras, periods, and epochs. The Cambrian explosion is a significant marker.
- Mass extinctions, with diverse causes (tectonic movements, volcanic eruptions, climate change, meteorite impacts, and sea level changes), have shaped biodiversity.
- The Anthropocene is a proposed geological epoch marked by rapid environmental change and species extinction due to human activity.
- Human activities influence selective forces, leading to evolutionary changes in species.
- Examples include climate change, hunting, and habitat modification.
3.2 Human Impact on Biodiversity
- Human activities directly and indirectly impact biodiversity.
- Direct impacts include over-harvesting, poaching, and the illegal wildlife trade. Overharvesting depletes resources, poaching illegally hunts/captures, and illegal wildlife trade targets endangered species illegally.
- Indirect impacts include habitat loss, climate change, pollution, and invasive alien species. Habitat loss and degradation destroy vital environmental spaces.
- Pollution degrades air, water, and soil.
- Invasive alien species disrupt ecosystems.
- The IUCN Red List classifies species risk levels (extinct to Least Concern).
- Factors used to determine conservation status include population size, trend, breeding potential, range, and threats.
- Global conservation status helps prioritize conservation efforts.
- Key Biodiversity Areas (KBAs) hold significant biodiversity, often prioritizing species and habitats for conservation.
- Conflicts in KBA's are due to competition between economic activities (e.g., palm oil plantations) and conservation efforts.
- Sustainable development and conservation address the conflict between individual needs and the environment's well-being. The Tragedy of the Commons describes this challenge where individuals exploit shared resources without considering the long-term impact, ultimately leading to its depletion.
- Traditional Indigenous approaches to land management can be sustainable but face challenges from factors like population growth, economic development, and climate change.
- Environmental justice emphasizes equitable access to resources and pollution-free environments for all.
3.3 Conservation and Regeneration
- Conservation can be justified based on aesthetic, ecological, economic, ethical, and social reasons. Economic reasons may include ecotourism. Ecological reasons can be related to ecosystem integrity. Ethical arguments may cite the intrinsic value of biodiversity. Social arguments focus on the well-being of humans.
- Species-based conservation focuses on protecting species, both in situ (natural habitats) and ex situ (captive breeding).
- Habitat-based conservation protects habitats through reserves, national parks, and marine protected areas.
- A mixed conservation approach prioritizes both species and habitats. Flagship species attract public support, while keystone and umbrella species help maintain crucial habitats.
- The Convention on Biological Diversity promotes conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
- In-situ conservation protects species within their natural environments. Ex-situ conservation is the preservation of species outside their original habitat.
- Effective conservation requires detailed knowledge of target species and effective area design.
- Key criteria for conservation area design include size (larger = better), shape, edge effects (reducing edge is optimal), corridors (safe passage), and proximity (close proximity is more effective).
- UNESCO Biosphere Reserves emphasize a balance between conservation and sustainable human activities. Rewilding aims to restore natural environments, reduce human impact, and restore biodiversity.
- Positive feedback loops can enhance biodiversity through rewilding.
- Ecotourism can support conservation efforts through funding and community involvement. However, overtourism and uncontrolled growth can negatively impact the environment.
- Biodiversity planetary boundaries outline the conservation targets required to maintain a safe operating space for humans.
- Environmental perspectives influence conservation and regeneration strategies. Anthropocentric (human-centered) and ecocentric (environment-centered) perspectives may favor different methods.
- Evaluating conservation projects determines their success through several criteria.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of biodiversity, habitat richness, and species diversity. Explore genetic mutations, sexual reproduction, and ecosystem resilience. Understand the factors that impact species survival and ecosystem stability.
