Ecosystem and Earth's Spheres Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What term describes the ability of an ecosystem to remain in equilibrium despite disturbances?

  • Ecosystem resistance
  • Equilibrium factor
  • Dynamic resistance (correct)
  • Steady state resilience

In ecosystem ecology, what is the term used to describe the gradual replacement of one community by another over time?

  • Community transformation
  • Equilibrium shift
  • Succession (correct)
  • Community revolution

What are the two main components of an ecosystem?

  • Biotic Factors and Abiotic Factors (correct)
  • Producers and Consumers
  • Rain and Soil
  • Methanogens and Lithosphere

Which sphere of the Earth is defined as a zone of inhabits for all living things?

<p>Biosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of disturbances are considered as usual in ecosystems?

<p>Forest fires (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of breaking down or dissolving of minerals or rocks called?

<p>Weathering (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the speed at which an ecosystem recovers its equilibrium after being disturbed?

<p>Resilience (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of an ecosystem includes herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores?

<p>Consumers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of an ecosystem in regulating ecological processes and supporting life systems?

<p>Rendering stability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Methanogens in the ecosystem?

<p>Produce potent greenhouse gases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used to describe the energy that is at rest and waiting to be used?

<p>Potential energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do animals go extinct according to the text?

<p>Due to fluctuations in environment and activities of organisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ecosystem

  • An ecosystem is a system that consists of interacting organisms and abiotic pools linking together.

Biotic and Abiotic Factors

  • Biotic factors: living things
  • Abiotic factors: non-living things

The Four Spheres of the Earth

  • Atmosphere: a mixture of gases
  • Biosphere: the zone of inhabitation (where all living things can be found or reside)
  • Lithosphere: the solid outermost layer of the earth (interchangeable with the term Geosphere, which is a broader term)
  • Hydrosphere: water

Weathering and Precipitation

  • Weathering: the process of breaking down or dissolving of minerals or rocks
  • Precipitation: rain

Structure of Ecosystem

Biotic Components

  • Producers
  • Consumers: herbivores, carnivores, omnivores
  • Decomposers

Abiotic Components

  • Air
  • Soil
  • Sunlight
  • Water

Ecosystem Processes and Dynamics

  • Ecosystem processes are constantly changing due to fluctuations in the environment and activities of organisms on time scales ranging from microseconds to millions of years
  • The ecosystem is an ecological system formed from the reciprocal relationship between living things and the surrounding environment

Evolution and Extinction

  • Evolution: the process of change in the physical characteristics of organisms over time
  • Extinction: the process of an organism dying out due to the inability of the environment to provide the necessary energy or food

Methanogens

  • An example of bacteria that produces potent greenhouse gases and has a high energy level
  • Can solve dual humanity problems: climate change and energy shortage

Ecosystem in Equilibrium

  • A largely closed system dominated by internal recycling of elements
  • Factors such as spacious interaction, climate, side condition, and nutrient availability are in harmony
  • Equilibrium is subject to gradual changes due to natural processes like succession

Ecosystem in Non-Equilibrium

  • Disturbance is a natural component of ecosystem dynamics
  • Examples of disturbances: storms, fires, droughts, human activity

Steady State Equilibrium

  • A balance between inputs and outputs to the system shows no trend with time
  • Two parameters: resistance and resilience
  • Resistance: the ability of an ecosystem to remain in equilibrium in spite of disturbances
  • Resilience: the speed at which an ecosystem recovers its equilibrium after being disturbed

Ecosystem Ecology

  • Addresses the interactions between organisms and their environment as an integrated system
  • Ecology: a broader term that studies ecosystems
  • Ecosystem: a subpart or unit of community organisms

Functions of an Ecosystem

  • Regulates essential ecological processes, supports life systems, and renders stability
  • Responsible for the cycling of nutrients between biotic and abiotic components
  • Maintains a balance among the various trophic levels in the ecosystem
  • Cycles minerals through the biosphere
  • Abiotic components help in the synthesis of organic components that involves the exchange of energy

Energy Flow in Ecosystems

  • Energy flows while nutrients cycle
  • Energy is the ability to do work or heat objects
  • Potential energy: energy at rest
  • Kinetic energy: energy in motion
  • Energy is neither created nor destroyed, only changed from one form to another

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Test your knowledge about ecosystems, biotic and abiotic factors, and the four spheres of the Earth including atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere. Explore concepts such as weathering and the interactions between living organisms and their environment.

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