Economics Quiz Results: John Ray
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Questions and Answers

Suppose that you own a house. What is the opportunity cost of living in the house?

  • The opportunity cost is the rent you could have received from a tenant if you didn't live there. (correct)
  • The opportunity cost is the cost of your monthly mortgage payment plus bills.
  • There is no opportunity cost because you own the house.
  • There is no opportunity cost unless you could set up a business in the house.

The principle that individuals and firms pick the activity level where the incremental benefit of that activity equals the incremental cost of that activity, is known as the:

  • principle of opportunity cost.
  • principle of diminishing returns.
  • spillover principle.
  • marginal principle. (correct)

Flashcards

Opportunity Cost of Owning a House

The potential rental income lost by living in your own house instead of renting it out.

Marginal Principle

The idea that individuals and businesses choose activities where the additional benefit equals the additional cost.

Microeconomics

The study of choices made by individuals, firms, and governments in markets.

Production Possibilities Curve (PPC)

A graph representing all possible combinations of two goods produced with given resources and technology.

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Opportunity Cost and PPC

Why is the PPC negatively sloped? It reflects the opportunity cost of producing more of one good, which means producing less of the other.

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Fixed Factors on PPC

What is assumed to be held constant on the PPC? Labor, capital, and technology are all assumed to be fixed.

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Efficient Point on PPC

What does it mean for a point on the PPC to be efficient? It means all resources are fully utilized, and there is no way to produce more of one good without producing less of the other good.

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Implicit Cost

The opportunity cost of using a resource owned by the business owner, such as the owner's time or their own capital.

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Principle of Diminishing Returns

If one input is increased while other inputs are fixed, eventually the additional output produced from each additional unit of the variable input will decrease.

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Short Run vs. Long Run

The short run is a period where some factors of production are fixed, while the long run is a period where all factors are variable.

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Comparative Advantage

The ability to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another producer.

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Absolute Advantage

The ability to produce a good or service using fewer inputs than another producer.

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Simple Circular Flow Model

A basic representation of how money and resources move in an economy between households and firms.

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Input/Factor Market in Circular Flow

Where households supply factors of production (labor, land, capital) to firms in exchange for payment.

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Output Market in Circular Flow

Where firms supply goods and services to households in exchange for payment.

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Comparative Advantage in Production

When two countries specialize in producing goods they have a comparative advantage in, both countries benefit from trade.

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Excess Demand

When the quantity demanded at a given price exceeds the quantity supplied.

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Excess Supply

When the quantity supplied at a given price exceeds the quantity demanded.

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Normal Good

A good whose demand increases as consumer income increases.

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Substitute Goods

Goods that can be used in place of each other. An increase in the price of one good leads to an increase in demand for the other.

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Complementary Goods

Goods that are used together. A decrease in the price of one good leads to an increase in demand for the other.

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Supply Shift: Input Price Increase

When the price of an input used to produce a good increases, the supply curve shifts to the left (decreases).

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Demand Shift: Expectations of Future Price

If consumers expect the price of a good to rise in the future, demand for the good increases in the present.

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Demand Shift: Complement Price Increase

When the price of a complementary good rises, the demand for the good in question decreases.

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Supply Shift: Technology Improvement

When a technological advancement improves the production process of a good, the supply curve shifts to the right (increases).

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Price Elasticity of Demand

A measure of the responsiveness of the quantity demanded of a good to a change in its price.

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Price Elasticity of Supply

Measures the responsiveness of the quantity supplied of a good to a change in its price.

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Study Notes

Exam Results: John Ray

  • Quiz Score: 15 out of 40
  • Submission Date: September 18, 1:35 PM
  • Attempt Duration: Less than 1 minute

Question 1

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: There is no opportunity cost because you own the house
  • Correct Answer: The opportunity cost is the rent you could have received from a tenant, had you not lived there. The opportunity cost is the potential income from renting the premises less mortgage payments and other associated costs.

Question 2

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Principle of opportunity cost, principle of diminishing returns, spillover principle
  • Correct Answer: Marginal Principle: This is where the additional benefit of an activity equates with its associated cost.

Question 3

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Statement: Chris produces 29 units of output per day for $5 each, with total costs of $200, given fixed costs included.
  • Marginal Cost (MC) 29th unit: $5
  • Marginal Cost (MC) 30th unit: $6
  • Marginal Principle Conclusion: Produce 29 units per day.

Question 4

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Definition: Microeconomics studies the interaction and decisions of individual households, firms, and governments within markets.

Question 5

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Marginal principle, reality principle
  • Correct Answer: Principle of opportunity cost
  • Explanation: The production possibility curve's negative slope results from opportunity cost – producing more of one good means sacrificing the opportunity to produce another.

Question 6

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Society has fixed resource amounts, the curve is negatively sloped
  • Correct Answer: Resources are not perfectly adaptable.

Question 7

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Incorrect Assumption: Any of the factors listed are held constant on a production possibility curve.
  • Correct Answer: All of these factors (labor, capital, technology) are fixed on a production possibility curve – they aren't variables.

Question 8

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Impossible
  • Correct Answer: Possible

Question 9

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Efficient Points: Points along the production possibility curve represent efficient production using available resources fully.

Question 10

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Attainable and Unachievable Points: Points along the production possibility frontier (PPF) are attainable and efficient, while points outside of it are not. Points within the PPF are attainable but not efficient.

Question 11

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Options: Purchases of gasoline, tolls and parking fees, car insurance.
  • Correct Answer: None of the above are implicit costs.

Question 12

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Included options (No details in the data).

Question 13

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Diminishing Returns: Diminishing returns occur between the third and fourth worker.

Question 14

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Period of diminishing returns, period of marginal costs, short run, and period of variable production.
  • Correct Answer: Long run

Question 15

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: In short run or either.
  • Correct Answer: In the long run.

Question 16

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Market advantage, absolute advantage, specialization advantage.
  • Correct Answer: Comparative advantage.

Question 17

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Options (No details in the question)
  • Correct Answer: Options (No details in the question)

Question 18

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Market Exchanges: The input/factor market and the output market

Question 19

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Household Function: Translate payments for inputs into payments for products.

Question 20

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Incorrect Answer: Options (No details in the question)
  • Correct Answer: Translate inputs for production into products supplied.

Question 21

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Comparative Advantage Determination: Option to calculate requires information on exchange rate.

Question 22

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Absolute Advantage: Charlie has an absolute advantage only in producing peaches.

Question 23

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Opportunity Cost Calculation: Charlie's opportunity cost for producing one peach is 1/7 units of cream.

Question 24

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Opportunity Cost Calculation: Charlie's opportunity cost of producing one unit of cream is 7 peaches.

Question 25

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Opportunity Cost Calculation: Hamilton's opportunity cost for producing one cream is 2 units of peach.

Question 26

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Comparative Advantage Determination: Hamilton has neither an absolute nor a comparative advantage in peach production.

Question 27

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Excess Demand or Supply: Excess demand of 20 sweaters.

Question 28

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Excess Demand or Supply: Excess supply of 40 sweaters

Question 29

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Price and Quantity Change Prediction: Excess supply of 40 sweaters.

Question 30

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Normal Good: Peanuts are a normal good; demand increases with income.

Question 31

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Equilibrium Price Change Prediction: Equilibrium price of lettuce will rise, and the equilibrium price of spinach will rise.

Question 32

  • Points Awarded: 0/1
  • Price and Quantity Change Prediction: Equilibrium quantity of corn will fall, and the price will rise.

Question 33

  • **Points Awarded:**0/1
  • Price and Quantity Change Prediction: Equilibrium quantity of orange juice will fall, and the price will rise.

Question 34

  • Points Awarded: 1/1
  • Price and Quantity Change Prediction: The quantity of product will fall, and the price will increase.

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Description

Review the exam results and performance of John Ray in his recent economics quiz. This quiz covered concepts such as opportunity cost and marginal principles, highlighting areas of misunderstanding and correct responses.

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