Economics Principles pt 2

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Questions and Answers

Businesses in a private enterprise system usually do not raise prices to increase profits because they exist in a(n) ________ environment.

  • recessive
  • competitive (correct)
  • prosperous
  • efficient

A country's central bank issues too much currency given the size of its economy. The country's business sector cannot expand to meet the excess demand caused by the increased amount of currency in circulation. As a result, ______ will go ______ and ______ will result.

prices; up; inflation

According to the law of diminishing returns, what usually decreases at some point with the addition of more employees if all other factors stay the same?

  • Productivity (correct)
  • Consumption
  • Depreciation
  • Inequality

The best time for a business to purchase new equipment is when:

<p>interest rates are low. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During a recession, interest rates are likely to ______ because demand for money is ______.

<p>decrease; weak</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following will foster a business's ability to adapt to changing markets?

<p>Proactive management (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the demand for money go down when the demand for bonds goes up?

<p>They are substitutes for each other and have an inverse relationship. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a country's central bank help control inflation?

<p>It adjusts short-term interest rates. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The internet creates/enhances form utility by

<p>providing TV streaming as an alternative to cable. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

One way to regulate the nation's money supply is by changing the

<p>banks' reserve requirements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Higher prices that result from a tax on luxury goods are likely to result in

<p>fewer customers and less productivity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The exchange rate between U.S. dollars and Canadian dollars, which is determined by the unimpeded interaction of supply and demand in the foreign exchange market, is a ________ exchange rate.

<p>floating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of how a country's political environment can impact world trade:

<p>France requires 40% of music on the radio to be played in French. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a global trade issue that directly affects children in developing nations:

<p>Labor laws (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a result of emerging economies entering the global market:

<p>Rapid increase in global trade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Keri works as a public relations consultant for a large corporation. She reviews issues and makes recommendations to managers. Keri has ________ authority.

<p>staff</p> Signup and view all the answers

A business creates an organizational design in which no employee has to report to more than one manager at a time. This is following an organizational principle called

<p>unity of command. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How has the ability to travel more freely contributed to globalization?

<p>It helps enable the spread of culture and ideas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company in your city recently announced that it is moving most of its manufacturing to another country. The business claims it must do so to save money, but people in your community are upset because the business is engaging in

<p>offshoring. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Economic factors can affect a business's operations by

<p>increasing or decreasing costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Telford Pharmaceutical Company is concerned that proposed regulatory changes may negatively impact its research and development initiatives, profitability, long-term growth, and the well-being of patients who may benefit from using its products. What can the company do to influence legislation and protect its interests?

<p>Engage in lobbying efforts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a business's ethical obligation to its stakeholders:

<p>Providing safe working environments for employees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary factor that affects the economies of scale:

<p>Specialization of labor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For a business to adapt to changing markets, it is important that it develops an internal environment that encourages

<p>creativity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When consumer spending increases, the demand for money tends to

<p>increase. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are businesses contributing to when they financially support local charities?

<p>The community (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Businesses must consider labor laws in other countries due to

<p>globalization. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jackson travels to many other countries for work. Before he visits a new country, he always researches the customs and language of the country to avoid offending his clients. Jackson is paying attention to ________ considerations.

<p>cultural (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Videoconferencing has made it easier for businesses to

<p>work globally. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do countries belonging to a major trade alliance experience when conducting business with alliance partners?

<p>Reduced tariffs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding the foreign exchange market is true:

<p>The foreign exchange market is a global, decentralized market. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a geographic factor that impacts a country's ability to trade:

<p>Coastal areas and waterways (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following illustrates the impact of a country's history on world trade:

<p>Countries that have engaged in war conflicts have difficulty establishing trust. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a country with a developing economy participates in free trade, it can expect to encounter

<p>better relationships with other countries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of doing business in an emerging economy:

<p>There is less competition in emerging economies. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding international labor issues:

<p>Wage and benefit requirements differ by country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A car dealership purchases new cars from a Ford factory and then sells them to consumers. What type of business model is this?

<p>Distributor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an advantage of opening a franchise:

<p>A well-known brand name (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The U.S. government instituted an expansionary fiscal policy, resulting in increased demand for goods and services. Foreign countries are likely to experience a

<p>rise in exports to the U.S. and higher currency values relative to the U.S. dollar. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a sign of corruption in a developing country:

<p>The development of a shadow economy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a decrease in overall productivity usually have on the economy?

<p>Increased labor costs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a visa and a passport?

<p>A visa is a supplement to a passport. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Competitive Environment

Environment where businesses don't usually raise prices to increase profits.

Inflation

Increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Law of Diminishing Returns

Decreasing marginal benefit with each additional input of a factor of production.

Low Interest Rates

Period when borrowing is cheaper for businesses.

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Interest Rates during Recession

Likely to decrease during a recession because demand for money is weak.

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Proactive Management

A style of management that allows flexibility to changes in the market

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Bonds and Money

An inverse relationship

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Adjusting Interest Rates

Central banks use this to control inflation.

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Internet enhances Form Utility

Allows goods to be found and purchased quickly.

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Banks' Reserve Requirements

Tool to regulate the nation's money supply.

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Effects of Luxury Goods Tax

Tax on luxury goods leading to decreased demand.

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Floating Exchange Rate

Exchange rate determined by supply and demand.

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Political Impact on Trade

Examples include; France Radio

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Global Trade and Labor Laws

Related to human rights in developing nations.

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Emerging Economies in Global Market

Increase in global trade is a result

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Staff Authority

Advisory role providing recommendations to managers.

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Unity of Command

Principle that no employee report who has to report to more than one manager.

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Travel & Globalization

Freedom to travel enabling global culture sharing.

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Offshoring

Moving manufacturing to another country for savings.

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Economic Factors

Business operation costs may increase or decrease.

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Lobbying

Influencing legislation to protect interests.

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Ethical Obligation

Providing safe working environments.

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Economies of Scale

Results from Specialization of labor.

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Creativity

Internal culture promotes this to adapt to market changes.

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Increased Consumer Spending

Consumer spending causes demand to go up

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Financially supporting local charities

Contributing to community

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Consideration of Labor Laws

Driven by businesses working across the world

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Cultural Considerations

Paying attention to customs to avoid offense

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Videoconferencing

Allows business to work globally

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Trade Alliance Benefits

Experience reduced tariffs when trading

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Study Notes

  • Businesses in a competitive environment typically avoid raising prices to increase profits.
  • If a country's central banks issues too much currency, prices will go up, leading to inflation.
  • According to the law of diminishing returns, productivity usually decreases at some point with the addition of more employees, assuming all other factors remain constant.
  • The optimal time for a business to invest in new equipment is when interest rates are low.
  • During a recession, interest rates tend to decrease because the demand for money is weak.
  • Proactive management is the most conducive to a business's ability to adapt to changing markets.
  • The demand for money decreases when the demand for bonds increases because they are substitutes with an inverse relationship.
  • A country's central bank can help control inflation by adjusting short-term interest rates.
  • The internet enhances form utility by providing TV streaming as an alternative to cable.
  • One method for regulating a nation's money supply is by altering banks' reserve requirements.
  • Higher prices resulting from a tax on luxury goods are likely to result in fewer customers and less productivity.
  • The exchange rate between U.S. and Canadian dollars, determined by supply and demand in the foreign exchange market, is a floating exchange rate.
  • France requiring 40% of music on the radio to be played in French is an example of how a country's political environment can impact world trade.
  • Labor laws are a global trade issue that directly affects children in developing nations.
  • A rapid increase in global trade is a result of emerging economies entering the global market.
  • Keri, as a public relations consultant who reviews issues and makes recommendations, has staff authority.
  • A business that creates an organizational design where no employee reports to more than one manager is following the unity of command principle.
  • The ability to travel more freely has contributed to globalization by enabling the spread of culture and ideas.
  • A company moving its manufacturing to another country to save money is engaging in offshoring.
  • Economic factors can affect a business's operations by increasing or decreasing costs.
  • The Telford Pharmaceutical Company can engage in lobbying efforts to influence legislation and protect its interests.
  • Providing safe working environments for employees is an example of a business's ethical obligation to its stakeholders.
  • Specialization of labor is a primary factor affecting economies of scale.
  • For a business to adapt to changing markets, it is important to develop an internal environment that encourages creativity.
  • Demand for money tends to increase when consumer spending increases.
  • Businesses financially support local charities by contributing to the community.
  • Businesses must consider labor laws in other countries due to globalization.
  • Jackson pays attention to cultural considerations to avoid offending clients when traveling to other countries for work.
  • Videoconferencing has made it easier for businesses to work globally.
  • Countries in a major trade alliance experience reduced tariffs when conducting business with alliance partners.
  • The foreign exchange market is a global, decentralized market.
  • Coastal areas and waterways are geographic factors that impact a country's ability to trade.
  • Countries that have engaged in war conflicts have difficulty establishing trust, illustrating the impact of a country's history on world trade.
  • If a country with a developing economy participates in free trade, it can expect to encounter better relationships with other countries.
  • Less competition is an advantage of doing business in an emerging economy.
  • Wage and benefit requirements differ by country regarding international labor issues.
  • A car dealership that purchases new cars from a Ford factory and then sells them to consumers operates under a distributor model.
  • A well-known brand name is an advantage of opening a franchise.
  • With the U.S. government instituting an expansionary fiscal policy, resulting in increased demand for goods and service, foreign countries are likely to experience a rise in exports to the U.S. and higher currency values relative to the U.S. dollar.
  • The development of a shadow economy is a sign of corruption in a developing country.
  • A decrease in overall productivity usually results in increased labor costs.
  • A visa is a supplement to a passport.

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