Economics: Evolution of Money and Barter System

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary limitation of the barter system?

  • Inability to divide goods into smaller units
  • Lack of direct satisfaction of both parties (correct)
  • Finding a suitable medium of exchange
  • Difficulty in storing value

What was the significance of the official seal on coins?

  • It specified the material used to make the coin
  • It indicated the weight of the coin
  • It showed the portrait of the ruler
  • It guaranteed the value of the coin (correct)

What was the origin of the Hindi word 'rupiah'?

  • From the Arabic word 'rupee'
  • From the Persian word 'rupya'
  • From the Sanskrit word 'rupya' (correct)
  • From the English word 'rupee'

What was the purpose of the Reserve Bank of India issuing notes and coins?

<p>On behalf of the Government of India (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of India's independence in 1947?

<p>The Indian Rupee replaced all currencies of previously autonomous states (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the current trend in India's payment system?

<p>Moving from a cash-based to a cashless society (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary material used to make coins during the Mauryan period?

<p>Silver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the double coincidence principle in the barter system?

<p>It required two coincidences: finding someone willing to sell what you want and the seller wanting something you're willing to sell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main advantage of using metals to make coins?

<p>It allowed for the creation of a standard unit of currency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the limitation of the barter system in terms of value?

<p>The value of the goods differed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Evolution of Money

  • The barter system was the first form of exchange, where people exchanged goods and services produced by themselves with others.
  • The system worked on the double coincidence principle, requiring two coincidences: finding someone willing to sell what you want and the seller wanting something you're willing to sell.

Limitations of Barter System

  • The direct exchange of one commodity for another required direct satisfaction of both parties.
  • The system failed when one party didn't need what the other offered, or when the value of the goods differed.
  • Examples of failed barter: Manoj needing vegetables but Kisna not needing footwear; Manoj needing a haircut but the value of the haircut being less than a pair of slippers.

Emergence of Coins

  • Around the 6th century BC, metals were discovered, leading to the creation of coins.
  • Coins were small metal pieces with fixed weight and values, bearing an official seal, and guaranteeing their value.
  • Initially, gold, silver, and copper were used to make coins.

History of Indian Currency

  • The Hindi word "rupiah" comes from the Sanskrit word "rupya," meaning a coin of silver.
  • Silver coins, including the Rupiah, were used during the Mauryan period, Mughal era, and British India.
  • After India's independence in 1947, the Indian Rupee replaced all currencies of previously autonomous states.
  • The Reserve Bank of India issued notes and coins on behalf of the Government of India.

Digital Payments

  • India has progressed to have digital payment options like credit cards, wallets, and online transfer facilities.
  • The country is moving from a cash-based to a cashless society.

Evolution of Money

  • The first form of exchange was the barter system, where people exchanged goods and services produced by themselves with others.
  • The barter system worked on the double coincidence principle, requiring two coincidences: finding someone willing to sell what you want and the seller wanting something you're willing to sell.

Limitations of Barter System

  • The direct exchange of one commodity for another required direct satisfaction of both parties.
  • The system failed when one party didn't need what the other offered, or when the value of the goods differed.
  • Examples of failed barter include when one party doesn't need what the other offers, or when the value of the goods is unequal.

Emergence of Coins

  • Around the 6th century BC, metals were discovered, leading to the creation of coins.
  • Coins were small metal pieces with fixed weight and values, bearing an official seal, and guaranteeing their value.
  • Initially, gold, silver, and copper were used to make coins.

History of Indian Currency

  • The Hindi word "rupiah" comes from the Sanskrit word "rupya," meaning a coin of silver.
  • Silver coins, including the Rupiah, were used during the Mauryan period, Mughal era, and British India.
  • After India's independence in 1947, the Indian Rupee replaced all currencies of previously autonomous states.
  • The Reserve Bank of India issued notes and coins on behalf of the Government of India.

Digital Payments

  • India has progressed to have digital payment options like credit cards, wallets, and online transfer facilities.
  • The country is moving from a cash-based to a cashless society.

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