CH 1.3 : Circular Flow Model
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Questions and Answers

What does GDP stand for in the context of economy?

  • Gross National Income
  • Gross Domestic Product (correct)
  • Global Dollar Price
  • General Development Pace

What is a limitation of GDP as an indicator of standard of living?

  • It is only used for small businesses
  • It is only used in developed countries
  • It is not affected by inflation
  • It does not account for the distribution of income among the population (correct)

What does GNI measure?

  • Total income earned by foreigners within a country
  • Total income earned from exports
  • Total income earned from producing goods and services within a country
  • Total income earned by a country's nationals, including production inside and outside the country (correct)

What is a key difference between GDP and GNI?

<p>GDP measures income earned within a country, while GNI measures income earned by nationals inside and outside the country (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might GDP appear more favorable politically, especially in countries with significant foreign debt or asset sales?

<p>Because it includes production by foreign entities within the country (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do both GDP and GNI ignore?

<p>Non-monetary transactions and informal economic activities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is per capita income used for?

<p>To understand the economic well-being of the average citizen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is per capita income calculated?

<p>By dividing total GDP or GNI by the population (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does per capita income not address?

<p>Both income and wealth distribution (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do GDP and GNI require adjustments for inflation?

<p>Because inflation affects the value of money over time (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of households in the circular flow model?

<p>To provide labor and receive income (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a participant in the circular flow model?

<p>Non-profit Organizations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the goods market in the circular flow model?

<p>To exchange goods and services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of goods and services in the circular flow model?

<p>Real Flow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating GDP using the Expenditure Approach?

<p>GDP = C + I + G + (X - M) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the financial institutions in the circular flow model?

<p>To facilitate savings and provide loans (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in each period?

<p>Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor market in the circular flow model?

<p>Factor Market (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the continuous flows in the economy, affecting stock levels of resources and financial assets?

<p>Production, Income, and Spending (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many approaches are there to calculate GDP?

<p>3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of businesses in the circular flow model?

<p>To hire labor and produce goods and services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of money in exchange for goods, services, and labor in the circular flow model?

<p>Monetary Flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a public service provided by the government in the circular flow model?

<p>Infrastructure such as roads and bridges (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for calculating GDP using the Expenditure Approach?

<p>GDP = C + I + G + (X - M) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What represents the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders in each period?

<p>GDP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the continuous flows in the economy?

<p>Affecting stock levels of resources and financial assets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the factor market in the circular flow model?

<p>To trade factors of production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a good exchanged in the goods market?

<p>A car (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the participants that engage in trade, affecting imports and exports in the circular flow model?

<p>Foreign Sector (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the real flow and the monetary flow in the circular flow model?

<p>They are two separate but interconnected flows (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major difference between GDP and GNI in terms of geographical scope?

<p>GDP focuses on production within the country, while GNI focuses on production both inside and outside the country. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common limitation of both GDP and GNI as indicators of standard of living?

<p>They do not account for wealth distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might GDP be more favorable politically in certain countries?

<p>Because it appears more favorable in countries with significant foreign debt or asset sales. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating per capita income?

<p>To understand the economic well-being of the average citizen. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adjustment required for both GDP and GNI?

<p>Adjustment for inflation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of GDP as an indicator of standard of living?

<p>Total income earned from producing goods and services. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does GNI account for that GDP does not?

<p>Income earned by nationals outside the country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of GDP as a measure of standard of living?

<p>It does not account for the distribution of income among the population. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between GDP and GNI in terms of income?

<p>GDP accounts for income earned from producing goods and services, while GNI accounts for all income earned by nationals. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common problem with both GDP and GNI?

<p>They both ignore non-monetary transactions and informal economic activities. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the government in the circular flow model?

<p>To collect taxes and provide public services and infrastructure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which market is responsible for the exchange of goods and services?

<p>Goods Market (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the real flow and the monetary flow in the circular flow model?

<p>The real flow involves the movement of goods and services, while the monetary flow involves the movement of money (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the financial institutions in the circular flow model?

<p>To facilitate savings and provide loans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of the continuous flows in the economy?

<p>They affect stock levels of resources and financial assets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a factor of production traded in the factor market?

<p>Land (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the Product Approach and the Expenditure Approach to calculating GDP?

<p>They are alternative approaches that should produce the same value for GDP (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of calculating GDP?

<p>To measure the total market value of all final goods and services produced within a country's borders (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which participant in the circular flow model is responsible for hiring labor and producing goods and services?

<p>Businesses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the movement of goods and services in the circular flow model?

<p>Real Flow (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary reason why GDP might not accurately reflect a country's standard of living?

<p>It ignores the distribution of income among the population. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key characteristic of GNI?

<p>It accounts for all income earned by a country's nationals, regardless of where it is earned. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common limitation of both GDP and GNI?

<p>They ignore non-monetary transactions and informal economic activities. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of calculating per capita income?

<p>To understand the economic well-being of the average citizen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might GNI be a more accurate indicator of a country's standard of living than GDP?

<p>It measures the total income earned by a country's nationals, regardless of where it is earned. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of GDP as a measure of standard of living?

<p>It does not account for wealth distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between GDP and GNI in terms of geographical scope?

<p>GDP measures income earned within the country, while GNI measures income earned outside the country. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of both GDP and GNI?

<p>They account for wealth distribution. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adjustment required for both GDP and GNI?

<p>Adjustment for inflation. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of GDP as an indicator of standard of living?

<p>Production within the country. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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