Economics Chapter: Market Equilibrium & Elasticity
31 Questions
1 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus when constructing a multiple choice question stem?

  • Presenting a definite problem without irrelevant material (correct)
  • Employing ambiguous wording to test comprehension
  • Including as much background context as possible
  • Using negative statements to create complexity

Which characteristic should all options in a multiple choice question exhibit?

  • They should be stated clearly and concisely (correct)
  • They should contain similar lengths to appear balanced
  • They should allow for partial credit in responses
  • They should vary in difficulty to challenge students

What is an important aspect to consider when selecting distractors for a multiple choice question?

  • They should reflect common student misconceptions (correct)
  • They should serve as hints towards the correct answer
  • They should be absurd or obviously incorrect
  • They should all be based on real-life scenarios

What should be avoided in constructing multiple choice question options?

<p>Employing phrases like 'all of the above' (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How should the correct answer in a multiple choice question be determined?

<p>It should be clearly supported by the provided content (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the opportunity cost of Margot spending $30,000 on university tuition?

<p>What she could have bought with the $30,000, plus what she could have earned. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the production possibility frontier illustrate?

<p>Producing more of one good requires sacrificing the production of another good. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can the production possibility frontier shift outward?

<p>By advancing technology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does a reduction in mobile phone prices have on demand?

<p>Creates a shift along the demand curve. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the demand for an inferior good when consumer incomes decrease?

<p>Demand will rise as consumers seek cheaper alternatives. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition would cause a product's demand curve to shift to the right?

<p>Increase in prices of similar substitute goods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If producers expect higher future prices, what is the likely impact on current demand and supply?

<p>Supply decreases as producers hold back inventory. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does comparative advantage generally refer to when producing a good?

<p>Having lower opportunity costs compared to others. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'commercial gains' refer to?

<p>Profits obtained from selling a good or service. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the provided table, what is the opportunity cost of producing the fourth unit of consumable goods?

<p>10 units of capital goods. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is the combination of 8 weapons and 12 pounds of butter efficient?

<p>This is a feasible but inefficient option. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is false regarding economic efficiency?

<p>If an economy is efficient, improvement for some requires loss for others. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combined production result with specialization for Marco and Julieth?

<p>55 brownies and 35 cookies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factor implies movement along the demand curve for a specific good?

<p>A change in the price of that specific good. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If goods A and B are substitutes, what happens when the price of good B decreases?

<p>Demand for good B increases while demand for good A decreases. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor will NOT trigger an increase in the demand for good X?

<p>A decrease in income if good X is an inferior good. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What could have caused the rightward shift of the demand curve for HBO subscriptions?

<p>An increase in consumer income. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to coffee prices in a market characterized by a surplus?

<p>They decrease to reach equilibrium. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tends to increase the size of elasticities for goods?

<p>Availability of substitutes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To maximize revenue, how should an airline manager set fares?

<p>Set high prices for customers with inelastic demand. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What classification is given to goods with a positive cross-price elasticity of demand?

<p>Substitutes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that a good is classified as inferior?

<p>The income elasticity of demand is negative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does maximum total surplus in a market occur?

<p>When all consumers can purchase the good. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is consumer surplus for a good calculated?

<p>As the area between the demand curve and price paid. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When is total surplus in a market achieved?

<p>When both consumer and producer surpluses are maximized. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If the price of a raft trip is $150, what is the producer surplus if the cost per trip for the third trip is $140?

<p>$90. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

String

A sequence of characters, such as letters, numbers, and symbols.

String variable

A variable that stores a string value, allowing you to manipulate and use text within your program.

String operations

Operations that modify or analyze strings, such as concatenating strings, finding a character's position, or comparing strings.

Null terminator

A special character that indicates the end of a string.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Character string

A string that represents a single character, such as 'A' or '7'.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Opportunity Cost

The cost of choosing one option over another. It's the value of the best alternative forgone.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Marginal Cost

The additional cost incurred when producing one more unit of a good.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Production Possibilities Frontier

A graphical representation of the maximum combination of two goods that can be produced with a given amount of resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Comparative Advantage

The ability to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than another producer.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Demand

The relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded by consumers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Supply

The relationship between the price of a good and the quantity supplied by producers.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inferior Good

A good whose demand decreases as consumer income increases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Complementary Good

A good whose demand increases as the price of a related good (complement) increases.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Gains from trade

The increased total output that results when individuals specialize in particular tasks and trade with one another.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Economic Efficiency

A situation where an economy is producing the maximum possible output given its available resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF)

A graph depicting the various combinations of two goods that an economy can produce with its available resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Inefficiency

An outcome where an economy is producing at a point inside its Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF), meaning it is not fully utilizing its resources.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Capital Goods

Goods and services that are used in the production process.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Consumer Goods

Goods and services that are consumed directly by individuals.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Movement along the Demand Curve

A situation where the price of a good or service changes, causing a movement along the demand curve.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Substitute Goods

Goods that are used in place of each other.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Elastic Demand

When the price elasticity of demand for a good is greater than 1, meaning a 1% increase in price leads to a greater than 1% decrease in quantity demanded. This indicates that consumers are very sensitive to price changes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Consumer Surplus

The difference between the highest price a consumer is willing to pay for a good and the actual price they pay. This represents the extra value consumers receive.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Unit Elastic Demand

Indicates that demand for a good changes proportionally with changes in price. A 1% increase in price leads to a 1% decrease in quantity demanded.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Producer Surplus

The difference between the minimum price a producer is willing to accept for a good and the actual price they receive. This represents the extra revenue producers earn.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Total Surplus

The total welfare generated in a market, representing the sum of consumer surplus and producer surplus. It indicates the overall economic efficiency of a market.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Shortage

Occurs when the market price is above the equilibrium price, leading to an excess demand for goods. This means consumers want more goods than producers are offering at that price.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Cross-Price Elasticity of Demand

The measure of how much demand for a good changes in response to changes in the price of another good. A positive value indicates that the goods are substitutes.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Equilibrium

Occurs when the market price is at the equilibrium price, where the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied are equal. This is the point of market balance.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Market Equilibrium and Excess

  • If a seller is in a market that is not in equilibrium, they will adjust their pricing to reach equilibrium.
  • A market that is not in equilibrium may have a surplus or shortage of goods.
  • If there is an excess, the market price drops so that quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.
  • If there is a shortage, prices rise until quantity demanded equals quantity supplied.

Elasticity of Demand

  • Elasticity measures how responsive quantity demanded is to changes in price.
  • Elastic demand: A relatively large change in quantity demanded in response to a small change in price
  • Inelastic demand: A relatively small change in quantity demanded in response to a large change in price.
  • Unit elastic demand: A change in quantity demanded is proportional to a change in price.

Types of Goods

  • Normal goods: Demand increases as income increases.
  • Inferior goods: Demand decreases as income increases.
  • Substitute goods: Products that can be used in place of one another to meet a need. (If price for one rises, demand for the other rises.)
  • Complimentary goods: Goods that are often purchased together. ( If the price of one rises, demand for the other falls.)

Market Efficiency and Producer/Consumer Surplus

  • Producer Surplus: Difference between the price a producer received for their product and the lowest price they would accept for that product.
  • Consumer Surplus: Difference between the price a consumer is willing to pay for a product and the market price.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Description

Explore the concepts of market equilibrium, elasticity of demand, and types of goods in this quiz. Understand how prices adjust in response to surplus and shortage, and differentiate between elastic, inelastic, and unit elastic demand. Test your knowledge on how different goods behave with changes in consumer income.

More Like This

Demand and Supply Concepts
18 questions

Demand and Supply Concepts

FaithfulTriangle4908 avatar
FaithfulTriangle4908
Market Forces and Elasticity Quiz
5 questions

Market Forces and Elasticity Quiz

MotivatedMahoganyObsidian1768 avatar
MotivatedMahoganyObsidian1768
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser