Economic Theory and Starting Points
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between positive and normative?

  • Positive statements are abstract explanations, while normative statements are explanations of phenomena
  • Positive statements are based on opinions, while normative statements are based on facts
  • Positive statements are based on opinions, while normative statements are based on theories
  • Positive statements are based on facts, while normative statements are based on opinions (correct)
  • In the context of the text, what is the significance of scarcity?

  • It highlights the rational choices made by individuals
  • It explains the unlimited desires of humans
  • It demonstrates the methodological individualism in social science
  • It emphasizes the insufficiency of goods to meet human desires (correct)
  • What does the price system involve?

  • Promoting a zero-sum game in trade and exchange
  • Setting a just price for every good in a society
  • Placing monetary value on human life in society
  • Creating a network of interrelated prices for goods and services (correct)
  • In the context of the text, what is the distinction between nominal and real value of money?

    <p>Nominal value represents a certain amount of money, while real value reflects the goods and services it can purchase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Invisible hand?

    <p>The power of individual self-interest to create spontaneous self-order</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Labor Theory of Value propose?

    <p>Price of good is based on cost of production - cost labor used to produce it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theory of Marginal Utility?

    <p>The additional utility that a person gets from having one more unit of a good or loses from having one unit less of a good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Iron Law of Wages?

    <p>Price of labor is determined by the cost of human subsistence and reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Theory of Derived Demand propose?

    <p>Range of indeterminancy = the range of potential prices buyers' maximum buying price, and sellers' minimum selling price</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'Diminishing Marginal Utility'?

    <p>As a person acquires more units of a good, satisfaction gained from each new unit is lower than the previous unit</p> Signup and view all the answers

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