Podcast
Questions and Answers
What describes the payment made by firms to households in the circular flow model?
What describes the payment made by firms to households in the circular flow model?
- As interest and dividends; for depreciation and taxes
- In current dollars; in constant dollars
- For value added; as imputed values
- As wages and profits; for goods and services (correct)
Which of the following is classified as a flow variable?
Which of the following is classified as a flow variable?
- The number unemployed
- Wealth
- Government debt
- Income (correct)
Which of the following represents a stock variable?
Which of the following represents a stock variable?
- Wealth (correct)
- Income
- Investment
- Consumption
Which of the following is not considered a stock?
Which of the following is not considered a stock?
How is capital defined in economic terms?
How is capital defined in economic terms?
What is the term for the market value of all final goods and services produced within an economy during a period?
What is the term for the market value of all final goods and services produced within an economy during a period?
To compute GDP accurately, which statement is correct?
To compute GDP accurately, which statement is correct?
If total output consists of 4 apples at $1 each and 6 oranges at $0.50 each, what is the total GDP value?
If total output consists of 4 apples at $1 each and 6 oranges at $0.50 each, what is the total GDP value?
What determines the output of goods and services in an economy?
What determines the output of goods and services in an economy?
How is the marginal product of labor defined?
How is the marginal product of labor defined?
Which of the following is NOT a major function of money?
Which of the following is NOT a major function of money?
What action does the Federal Reserve take to increase the money supply?
What action does the Federal Reserve take to increase the money supply?
Which statement accurately describes business cycles?
Which statement accurately describes business cycles?
Which of the following is not classified as a government purchase in the national income accounts?
Which of the following is not classified as a government purchase in the national income accounts?
In the national income accounts, government purchases include goods and services bought by which of the following?
In the national income accounts, government purchases include goods and services bought by which of the following?
What do net exports equal in the context of national income accounts?
What do net exports equal in the context of national income accounts?
If GDP is $5,465 billion and the sum of consumption, investment, and government purchases is $5,496 billion, what is the value of imports?
If GDP is $5,465 billion and the sum of consumption, investment, and government purchases is $5,496 billion, what is the value of imports?
Which of the following actions is not considered an investment by macroeconomists?
Which of the following actions is not considered an investment by macroeconomists?
Which of the following is not included in the investment component of GDP?
Which of the following is not included in the investment component of GDP?
In 2013, the GDP of the United States was approximately how much?
In 2013, the GDP of the United States was approximately how much?
What was the approximate GDP per person in the United States in 2013?
What was the approximate GDP per person in the United States in 2013?
What is the basis of prices used in chain-weighted measures of real GDP?
What is the basis of prices used in chain-weighted measures of real GDP?
What distinguishes the new chain-weighted measures of real GDP from traditional measures?
What distinguishes the new chain-weighted measures of real GDP from traditional measures?
What is the identity for national income accounts in an open economy?
What is the identity for national income accounts in an open economy?
If GDP is $5,465 billion, consumption is $3,657 billion, investment is $741 billion, and government purchases are $1,098 billion, what are the net exports?
If GDP is $5,465 billion, consumption is $3,657 billion, investment is $741 billion, and government purchases are $1,098 billion, what are the net exports?
If total consumption is $3,657 billion, consumption of durable goods is $480 billion, and consumption of nondurable goods is $1,194 billion, what is the consumption of services?
If total consumption is $3,657 billion, consumption of durable goods is $480 billion, and consumption of nondurable goods is $1,194 billion, what is the consumption of services?
In the national income accounts, which type of expenditure includes household purchases of durable goods?
In the national income accounts, which type of expenditure includes household purchases of durable goods?
If total investment is $741 billion, business fixed investment is $524 billion, and residential fixed investment is $222 billion, what is the inventory investment?
If total investment is $741 billion, business fixed investment is $524 billion, and residential fixed investment is $222 billion, what is the inventory investment?
Which of the following is NOT included in consumption expenditures in the national income accounts?
Which of the following is NOT included in consumption expenditures in the national income accounts?
What is the unemployment rate when 7 million workers are unemployed and 143 million workers are employed?
What is the unemployment rate when 7 million workers are unemployed and 143 million workers are employed?
Which percentage correctly represents the labor-force participation rate?
Which percentage correctly represents the labor-force participation rate?
If the unemployment rate is 6 percent and the number of employed is 188 million, what is the labor force size?
If the unemployment rate is 6 percent and the number of employed is 188 million, what is the labor force size?
If there is an increasing proportion of the adult population that is retired, how will this affect the labor force participation rate?
If there is an increasing proportion of the adult population that is retired, how will this affect the labor force participation rate?
How is a worker with two jobs counted in the different surveys?
How is a worker with two jobs counted in the different surveys?
What is the Paasche index for 2009 using 2004 prices, given the cost of the basket of goods and services?
What is the Paasche index for 2009 using 2004 prices, given the cost of the basket of goods and services?
What is a reliable source to estimate the number of unemployed workers in the economy?
What is a reliable source to estimate the number of unemployed workers in the economy?
Which type of price index is represented by the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?
Which type of price index is represented by the Consumer Price Index (CPI)?
From which source can total employment in the economy be estimated?
From which source can total employment in the economy be estimated?
What is the value added by the miller when wheat is sold for $1 and flour for $3?
What is the value added by the miller when wheat is sold for $1 and flour for $3?
What is the primary characteristic of the GDP deflator?
What is the primary characteristic of the GDP deflator?
Among different price indices, which one increases fastest when prices of goods rise at different rates?
Among different price indices, which one increases fastest when prices of goods rise at different rates?
How does the Consumer Price Index (CPI) affect inflation estimates according to economists?
How does the Consumer Price Index (CPI) affect inflation estimates according to economists?
Approximately how many households are surveyed monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics?
Approximately how many households are surveyed monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics?
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, which of the following individuals is not considered part of the labor force?
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, which of the following individuals is not considered part of the labor force?
In the context of labor statistics, how is a person classified as unemployed?
In the context of labor statistics, how is a person classified as unemployed?
Flashcards
Chain-weighted measures of real GDP
Chain-weighted measures of real GDP
Uses prices from a continuously changing base year.
National income accounts identity (open economy)
National income accounts identity (open economy)
Y = C + I + G - NX shows the total output and expenditure.
Calculation of net exports
Calculation of net exports
Net exports = GDP - (C + I + G).
Real GDP per person growth
Real GDP per person growth
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Consumption expenditures
Consumption expenditures
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Classification of investments
Classification of investments
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Goods for future use
Goods for future use
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Inventory investment calculation
Inventory investment calculation
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Government Purchases Definition
Government Purchases Definition
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Net Exports Formula
Net Exports Formula
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GDP Calculation
GDP Calculation
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Investment Exclusions in GDP
Investment Exclusions in GDP
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GDP in 2013
GDP in 2013
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GDP per Person in 2013
GDP per Person in 2013
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Consumption per Person in 2013
Consumption per Person in 2013
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Government Purchases per Person in 2013
Government Purchases per Person in 2013
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Circular Flow Model
Circular Flow Model
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Flow Variable
Flow Variable
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Stock Variable
Stock Variable
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
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Final Goods
Final Goods
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Investment vs. Capital
Investment vs. Capital
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Government Budget Deficit
Government Budget Deficit
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Paasche index
Paasche index
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CPI (Consumer Price Index)
CPI (Consumer Price Index)
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GDP deflator
GDP deflator
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Price index that rises fastest
Price index that rises fastest
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CPI overestimation
CPI overestimation
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Number of households in survey
Number of households in survey
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Not in labor force
Not in labor force
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Definition of unemployment
Definition of unemployment
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Factors of Production
Factors of Production
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Marginal Product of Labor
Marginal Product of Labor
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Functions of Money
Functions of Money
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Increase Money Supply
Increase Money Supply
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Business Cycles
Business Cycles
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Unemployment Rate
Unemployment Rate
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Calculating Unemployment Rate
Calculating Unemployment Rate
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Labor Force Participation Rate
Labor Force Participation Rate
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Impact of Retirement on Labor Force Participation
Impact of Retirement on Labor Force Participation
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Worker Count in Surveys
Worker Count in Surveys
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Unemployment Data Source
Unemployment Data Source
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Total Employment Data Source
Total Employment Data Source
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Value Added by Firms
Value Added by Firms
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Study Notes
Economic Statistics
- GDP (Gross Domestic Product): A measure of the total value of goods and services produced in an economy.
- CPI (Consumer Price Index): A measure of the average change over time in the prices paid by urban consumers for a market basket of consumer goods and services.
- GDP Deflator: A measure of the level of prices of all goods and services in an economy.
Economic Output
- GDP: The statistic used by economists to measure the value of economic output.
- GDP includes: expenditure of everyone in the economy; income of everyone in the economy; expenditure on the economy's output of goods and services; output of the economy.
- Total income = total expenditure: The total income of everyone in the economy is equal to the total expenditure on the economy's output of goods and services.
National Income Accounting
- National income accounting rule: All expenditure on purchases of products in the economy is necessarily equal to the income of the producers of the products in the economy.
- Profit of firms = wages of employees: The profit of firms is equal to the wages of employees.
GDP Measurements
- GDP: The market value of all final (not intermediate) goods and services produced within an economy during a given period of time.
- Value of GDP: Calculated using market prices of goods and services.
- Excluded from GDP calculation: Sales of used goods, production for inventory, and goods and services not sold in the marketplace.
Flow and Stock Variables
- Flow variables: Quantities that are measured per unit of time (e.g., income, consumption, investment).
- Stock variables: Quantities that are measured at a point in time (e.g., wealth, capital, number of unemployed people).
Government Budget Deficit
- Government budget deficit: A government budget deficit occurs when the government's expenditure exceeds its revenue.
- This is not a flow variable: This is a stock variable.
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