18 Questions
What was the impact of international price movements on export revenues and imports?
International price movements worked in favor of export revenues, but negatively affected imports.
What were the main factors responsible for increasing import dependency in the manufacturing sector?
The change in the product composition and the appreciation of the Turkish Lira (TL)
What was the impact of the manufactured goods sector on employment despite its significant volume of foreign trade?
It was not enough to counteract the unemployment problem.
What was the primary factor behind the increase in Turkey's exports, according to the preceding sections?
Export price movements and parity changes
According to Lall (2000), what must the country shift towards to maintain its competitive advantage?
Products with a higher technological content
What was the impact of the 2001 crisis on Turkish companies, and how did it affect their export strategy?
The crisis forced Turkish companies towards foreign markets, leading to a radical change in the composition of exports.
What was the consequence of the increased exports of investment goods producing sectors in Turkey?
The import dependency of the manufacturing sector increased, especially during the last five years.
What do recent studies suggest is necessary for the country to enhance its competitiveness?
Major improvements in structural factors such as education, innovation system, and modern infrastructure
What type of trade is characterized by an increase in exports of investment goods producing sectors, and an increase in imports of similar goods?
Intra-industry trade
What has been the trend in the share of medium and high technology sectors in the country's exports?
A decline in their share
What is the implication of the country's inability to shift to more dynamic products?
It will lose its competitive advantage in international competition
What is the likely consequence of a persistent increase in import dependence, such as that experienced by Turkey's manufacturing sector?
A widening trade deficit
What has been the annual average rate of increase for Turkey's exports in value terms?
21.5%
What has been the consequence of the intensification of intra-industry trade in Turkey, according to Yükseler and Türkan (2006)?
It has fallen short of creating a substantial positive impact on value-added and employment.
What has been the impact of the appreciation of the Turkish Lira (TL) on exporters, according to the authors?
It has forced them to 'buy from Asia and sell to European markets'.
What has been the trend in Turkey's import dependence, according to Yükseler and Türkan (2006)?
It has increased, with a growing ratio of imports to production and imports to supply in manufacturing industries.
What has been the impact of the increasing share of Asian countries in Turkey's imports, according to the authors?
It will have important repercussions on the future production model, price level, and employment structure.
What term do Yükseler and Türkan (2006) use to describe the transformation of the Turkish industry and foreign trade?
Internationalization.
This quiz assesses your understanding of the changes in the product composition of a sector, its impact on import dependency, and the effects on unemployment and current account deficits. Test your knowledge of the sector's shift towards higher technology products and its implications.
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