Economic Impact of British Rule in India
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Economic Impact of British Rule in India

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary effect of British colonial policies on Indian agriculture?

  • Advancement of organic farming techniques
  • Increase in traditional agricultural practices
  • Rise in food exports to other countries
  • Stagnation and deterioration of agriculture (correct)

    • How did the zamindari system affect the Indian peasantry during British rule?

  • It provided more autonomy to peasants
  • It contributed to the impoverishment of the peasantry (correct)
  • It promoted equitable land distribution
  • It fostered the growth of local markets

    • What factor significantly contributed to the decline of textile manufacturing in India during British colonialism?

  • Deindustrialisation and ruin of artisans (correct)
  • Introduction of advanced textile machinery
  • Rise of competition from rural craftsmen
  • Increase in domestic demand for textiles

    • Which of the following accurately describes the role of moneylenders in rural India during British rule?

    <p>They perpetuated cycles of debt among peasants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of famine during British rule in India?

    <p>Massive population displacement and loss of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one significant consequence of ruralisation during British rule in India?

    <p>Increased pressure on land and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the zamindari system impact the tenants during British rule?

    <p>It led to summary evictions and loss of traditional rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did moneylenders play in exacerbating rural poverty?

    <p>They manipulated the judiciary to favor their loans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major effect of the decline in textile manufacturing in India under British rule?

    <p>India's share of world manufacturing exports fell dramatically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary concern of the British government regarding land in India?

    <p>Maximization of rents and revenue collection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During famines, how did the peasant's situation worsen?

    <p>Peasants had to bear the triple burden of government, zamindar, and moneylender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a consequence of the repressive policies faced by artisans in Bengal?

    <p>Decline in traditional crafts and movement to agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why was there little investment in agricultural productivity during British rule?

    <p>Zamindars had no incentive to invest in improvements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a direct consequence of the emergence of intermediaries in the zamindari system?

    <p>Rise of absentee landlordism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the demand for land affect the peasantry during British colonialism?

    <p>It increased the liabilities of the peasant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the reasons for the stagnation and deterioration of agriculture in India during British rule?

    <p>Fragmentation of land due to sub-infeudation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused the regular recurrence of famines in India during British rule?

    <p>Colonial-imposed poverty and land policies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the transition in Indian agriculture during the latter half of the 19th century?

    <p>Agriculture became a business influenced by commercial considerations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the decline of traditional zamindars during British rule?

    <p>Emergence of new moneylenders and merchants as zamindars</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The commercialization of agriculture in India resulted in a focus on which type of crops?

    <p>Specialized crops for national and international markets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key contributing factor to the decline in textile manufacturing in India during British rule?

    <p>British competition and policies favoring imports</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did absentee landlordism impact agricultural practices in India?

    <p>It created a disconnect between landlords and agricultural improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Economic Impact of British Rule

    • Deindustrialisation: The British deliberately dismantled India's traditional industries, leaving artisans and handicraftsmen jobless and impoverished.
    • Impoverishment of Peasantry: The British land revenue systems, like the Zamindari system, led to the ruin of old zamindars and the rise of new, often absentee landlords.
    • Emergence of New Land Relations: The new landlords, driven by profit, exploited peasants by demanding high rents, evicting them, and forcing them into debt.
    • Stagnation and Deterioration of Agriculture: The lack of investment in agriculture, coupled with land fragmentation and limited access to modern technology, resulted in low productivity and increased vulnerability to famines
    • Commercialisation of Indian Agriculture: To meet the demands of the global market, the British encouraged the production of cash crops like cotton, jute, and tea, neglecting food security and further straining the agricultural system.
    • Economic Drain: The British drained India's wealth through taxation, trade imbalances, and the export of raw materials to Britain.
    • Famine and Poverty: Recurring famines in India were a direct consequence of British policies that resulted in poverty and vulnerability.

    Nationalist Critique

    • The British, in their pursuit of profit, exploited India's resources and people, leading to widespread poverty and misery.
    • Poverty became a national problem, highlighting the need to increase productivity and economic self-sufficiency.
    • The British hampered India's industrialization by prioritizing their own interests.
    • It was argued that India needed to break free from its economic dependence on Britain and develop an independent economy.

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    Description

    Explore the significant economic changes that occurred in India due to British colonial rule. This quiz covers topics such as deindustrialisation, changes in land relations, agricultural stagnation, and the shift towards cash crop production. Test your knowledge on how these transformations affected the livelihoods of Indians during this period.

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