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Questions and Answers
What do positive consequences of a program or treatment alternative include?
What is the role of intermediate consequences in economic evaluations?
Which of the following is considered a negative consequence?
Why is measuring both positive and negative consequences important in economic evaluations?
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What is one advantage of using intermediate outcomes like LDL-CH in evaluations?
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Study Notes
Economic Evaluations in Health Programs
- Full economic evaluations assess both positive and negative consequences of treatment alternatives.
- Positive consequences include improved functional status, enhanced well-being, cases cured, and life-years gained, representing desirable outcomes.
- Negative consequences encompass harmful side effects, drug toxicity, treatment failures, or even death, leading to undesirable outcomes.
- Intermediate consequences act as proxies for final outcomes, bridging the gap between short-term measurements and long-term benefits.
- Example: Lipid-lowering agents lower LDL-cholesterol (intermediate outcome), which correlates to final outcomes like reduced myocardial infarction (MI) rates or increased lives saved.
- Utilization of intermediate consequences facilitates humanistic and ethical considerations in healthcare evaluations.
- Demonstrating clinical efficacy of treatments can reduce the costs and time needed for clinical trials, enhancing the overall evaluation process.
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Description
This quiz explores economic evaluations in health programs, focusing on the assessment of both positive and negative consequences of treatment alternatives. Understand how positive outcomes like improved well-being and negative outcomes like drug toxicity affect health decisions. Test your knowledge on what constitutes intermediate consequences as proxies for final outcomes.
