Economía Planificadora: Características e Países
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Questions and Answers

Que características teñen as economías planificadoras?

  • Desregulación total da actividade económica
  • Liberdade de mercado e propiedade privada
  • Competencia desleal entre as empresas
  • Planificación estatal dos aspectos básicos da economía (correct)
  • Qué é o índice de confianza?

  • Unha medida do PIB
  • Unha taxa de desempleo
  • Un indicador do crecemento económico
  • Unha medida do grao de optimismo dos consumidores (correct)
  • Qué é a lei da oferta e da demanda?

  • Unha lei que regula a competencia entre as empresas
  • Unha política económica que favorece ao Estado
  • Unha teoría económica que defende a planificación estatal
  • Un mecanismo que determina o prezo dos produtos (correct)
  • Qué característica ten a economía capitalista?

    <p>Liberdade de mercado e propiedade privada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Qué país é considerado a gran fábrica do mundo?

    <p>China</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é o principal beneficio do sistema económico de mercado?

    <p>A liberdade de mercado que permite aos axentes económicos adaptarse rápidamente ás circunstancias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é o principal problema da economía de mercado?

    <p>A libre competencia que xera desigualdade</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Que característica ten as economías mixtas?

    <p>O Estado cumpre un importante papel na economía</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Por que o Goberno alemán aprobou unha lei en 2015?

    <p>Para impoñer limites aos prezos do alugueiro</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cal é o papel do Estado na economía mixta?

    <p>Introducir regulacións na economía</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    How an Economy Works

    • Until 1991, many countries had planned economies inspired by socialist ideology, but most have since transitioned to capitalist or mixed economies.
    • Currently, only Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea, and Laos have planned economies.
    • China has a market socialist economy, where private property is allowed, but the state still plans the basics of the economy.

    Characteristics of a Capitalist Economy

    • The system is regulated by the market (economy of market).
    • Key features include:
      • Freedom of the market, where prices are determined by supply and demand.
      • Free competition among companies, leading to the growth of successful ones and the decline of unsuccessful ones.
      • Private property, where individuals and companies own resources and have the right to accumulate wealth.

    Advantages of Capitalism

    • Most countries have adopted a capitalist system because it promotes wealth creation.
    • The freedom of the market allows economic agents to adapt quickly to changing circumstances.
    • The system provides consumers with a wide variety of products at competitive prices.

    Disadvantages of Capitalism

    • One of the main problems is that free competition leads to inequality, as wealth is not distributed equally.
    • The accumulation of wealth by large corporations can hinder real competition and influence political decisions.
    • Excessive production and consumption have a severe environmental impact, threatening the well-being of future generations.

    Mixed Economy

    • A mixed economy combines elements of capitalism and socialism.
    • The state plays a significant role in the economy, introducing regulations and supporting certain sectors.
    • Examples include government intervention in the market, such as setting price limits to control housing prices.
    • The state also provides public services and infrastructure to support economic activity.

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    Description

    Descubre como funciona unha economía planificadora, os países que a implementan e como evolucionou desde a desaparición da Unión Soviética en 1991.

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