Questions and Answers
Que características teñen as economías planificadoras?
Planificación estatal dos aspectos básicos da economía
Qué é o índice de confianza?
Unha medida do grao de optimismo dos consumidores
Qué é a lei da oferta e da demanda?
Un mecanismo que determina o prezo dos produtos
Qué característica ten a economía capitalista?
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Qué país é considerado a gran fábrica do mundo?
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Cal é o principal beneficio do sistema económico de mercado?
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Cal é o principal problema da economía de mercado?
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Que característica ten as economías mixtas?
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Por que o Goberno alemán aprobou unha lei en 2015?
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Cal é o papel do Estado na economía mixta?
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Study Notes
How an Economy Works
- Until 1991, many countries had planned economies inspired by socialist ideology, but most have since transitioned to capitalist or mixed economies.
- Currently, only Cuba, Vietnam, North Korea, and Laos have planned economies.
- China has a market socialist economy, where private property is allowed, but the state still plans the basics of the economy.
Characteristics of a Capitalist Economy
- The system is regulated by the market (economy of market).
- Key features include:
- Freedom of the market, where prices are determined by supply and demand.
- Free competition among companies, leading to the growth of successful ones and the decline of unsuccessful ones.
- Private property, where individuals and companies own resources and have the right to accumulate wealth.
Advantages of Capitalism
- Most countries have adopted a capitalist system because it promotes wealth creation.
- The freedom of the market allows economic agents to adapt quickly to changing circumstances.
- The system provides consumers with a wide variety of products at competitive prices.
Disadvantages of Capitalism
- One of the main problems is that free competition leads to inequality, as wealth is not distributed equally.
- The accumulation of wealth by large corporations can hinder real competition and influence political decisions.
- Excessive production and consumption have a severe environmental impact, threatening the well-being of future generations.
Mixed Economy
- A mixed economy combines elements of capitalism and socialism.
- The state plays a significant role in the economy, introducing regulations and supporting certain sectors.
- Examples include government intervention in the market, such as setting price limits to control housing prices.
- The state also provides public services and infrastructure to support economic activity.
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Description
Descubre como funciona unha economía planificadora, os países que a implementan e como evolucionou desde a desaparición da Unión Soviética en 1991.
