ECON1000 Notes: Specialization and Trade Theories

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Questions and Answers

What is the principle that explains how price controls can have effects seen through other means in the market?

  • Market equilibrium (correct)
  • Law of Diminishing Returns
  • Inflation
  • Marginal Utility

What happens according to the Law of Diminishing Returns when a factory adds additional workers beyond the optimal level?

  • Profit margin increases
  • Efficiency increases
  • Efficiency decreases (correct)
  • Output remains constant

Which term refers to the additional satisfaction gained from consuming one more unit of a commodity?

  • Marginal Product
  • Marginal Benefit
  • Marginal Utility (correct)
  • Specialization

In a market economy, what does the Market Model focus on?

<p>Resource allocation through supply and demand (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the advantages of specialization and trade in an economy?

<p>Increased production efficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does inflation impact the Production Possibilities Frontier (PPF) of an economy?

<p>Shifts the PPF inwards (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'what to produce' question in economics relate to?

<p>Selecting the combination of goods and services to produce (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In economics, the 'how to produce' question involves deciding on:

<p>Which factors of production to use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When considering 'for whom to produce' in economics, what is the main concern?

<p>Ensuring equitable distribution of goods and services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would choosing more consumer goods over capital goods result in?

<p>Less investment in long-term growth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a society choose to use more machines rather than human labor in production processes?

<p>To reduce costs and increase efficiency (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a market economy, what does the term 'specialization and trade' refer to?

<p>The division of labor where individuals focus on specific tasks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the premise behind the Theory of Absolute Advantage?

<p>Nations benefit most when they trade goods in which they produce more efficiently than anyone else. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Comparative Advantage mean?

<p>Producing a good or service at the lowest cost compared to other countries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is Absolute Advantage defined?

<p>When a country can produce a good or service at a lower cost or more efficiently than another country with the same input. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of production, what does Opportunity Cost represent?

<p>The cost of producing one unit of a good or service. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for countries to trade based on their Comparative Advantage?

<p>To achieve higher efficiency and benefit from lower opportunity costs. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the core principle behind Specialization in trade?

<p>Producing goods where a country has a Comparative Advantage. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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