Ecology Lecture Reviewer: Species Abundance and Diversity

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Questions and Answers

What is a major source of environmental pollution that consumes energy and emits pollutants?

  • Transport
  • Agriculture
  • Mining
  • Nuclear power (correct)

What is a challenge in the transportation sector?

  • Low fuel consumption
  • Low emissions
  • High energy efficiency
  • Contribution to air pollution (correct)

What is the primary characteristic of transitional areas between land and water?

  • They are barren lands with no biodiversity
  • They are completely devoid of water
  • They are only found in coastal regions
  • They are habitats for plants, animals, and microorganisms (correct)

What is a concern associated with mining?

<p>Land degradation and deforestation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?

<p>To identify and predict potential environmental impacts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of mangrove forests?

<p>They are important forest communities in tidal zones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of sustainable development?

<p>Population control (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge faced by developing countries in terms of sustainable ecosystems?

<p>Balancing economic growth with environmental protection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Philippines considered to be?

<p>One of the 17 mega-diversity countries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of malnutrition and hunger in developing countries?

<p>Population growth rate outpacing food production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of modern agriculture?

<p>Monoculture vulnerability to pests (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the use of pesticides in modern agriculture?

<p>Biomagnification of pesticides in food chain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following models of ecological succession suggests that early species modify the environment, making it suitable for later species?

<p>Facilitation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by marine ecosystems?

<p>70% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that land-based ecosystems depend on?

<p>Climate and soil (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ecosystem is characterized by high salt content and low fertility?

<p>Marine ecosystem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of ecosystem service?

<p>Provisioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of ecosystem is rich in nutrients and supports diverse life forms?

<p>Freshwater ecosystem (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as the collection of various organisms inhabiting a specific environment and their interactions with each other?

<p>Community (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does species richness refer to?

<p>Count of different species present within a community (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides insights into the distribution of species and their importance within the ecosystem?

<p>Relative abundance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses the identity and characteristics of each species present and how they interact with one another within the ecosystem?

<p>Species composition (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is focused on understanding the flow of energy and nutrients within a system as well as the loops between living and non-living components?

<p>Ecosystem (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of how similar the abundance of different species is?

<p>Species evenness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is soil pollution defined as?

<p>The build up in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pollution source is a smokestack of a coal-burning power plant?

<p>Point source (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of nonpoint source pollution?

<p>Pesticides blown from the land into the air (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pollutant can be broken down by natural processes?

<p>Biodegradable pollutant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of agricultural soil pollution?

<p>Runoff fertilizers and pesticides from farmland (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of water bodies in the world?

<p>Marine water bodies and freshwater bodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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