Ecology Lecture Reviewer: Species Abundance and Diversity

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What is a major source of environmental pollution that consumes energy and emits pollutants?

Transport

Agriculture

Mining

Nuclear power (correct)

What is a challenge in the transportation sector?

Low fuel consumption

Low emissions

High energy efficiency

Contribution to air pollution (correct)

What is the primary characteristic of transitional areas between land and water?

They are barren lands with no biodiversity

They are completely devoid of water

They are only found in coastal regions

They are habitats for plants, animals, and microorganisms (correct)

What is a concern associated with mining?

Land degradation and deforestation Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)?

To identify and predict potential environmental impacts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of mangrove forests?

They are important forest communities in tidal zones Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of sustainable development?

Population control Signup and view all the answers

What is the main challenge faced by developing countries in terms of sustainable ecosystems?

Balancing economic growth with environmental protection Signup and view all the answers

What is the Philippines considered to be?

One of the 17 mega-diversity countries Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of malnutrition and hunger in developing countries?

Population growth rate outpacing food production Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of modern agriculture?

Monoculture vulnerability to pests Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the use of pesticides in modern agriculture?

Biomagnification of pesticides in food chain Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following models of ecological succession suggests that early species modify the environment, making it suitable for later species?

Facilitation Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by marine ecosystems?

70% Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that land-based ecosystems depend on?

Climate and soil Signup and view all the answers

What type of ecosystem is characterized by high salt content and low fertility?

Marine ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of ecosystem service?

Provisioning Signup and view all the answers

What type of ecosystem is rich in nutrients and supports diverse life forms?

Freshwater ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as the collection of various organisms inhabiting a specific environment and their interactions with each other?

Community Signup and view all the answers

What does species richness refer to?

Count of different species present within a community Signup and view all the answers

What provides insights into the distribution of species and their importance within the ecosystem?

Relative abundance Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses the identity and characteristics of each species present and how they interact with one another within the ecosystem?

Species composition Signup and view all the answers

What is focused on understanding the flow of energy and nutrients within a system as well as the loops between living and non-living components?

Ecosystem Signup and view all the answers

What is a measure of how similar the abundance of different species is?

Species evenness Signup and view all the answers

What is soil pollution defined as?

The build up in soils of persistent toxic compounds, chemicals, salts, radioactive materials, or disease causing agents Signup and view all the answers

What type of pollution source is a smokestack of a coal-burning power plant?

Point source Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of nonpoint source pollution?

Pesticides blown from the land into the air Signup and view all the answers

What type of pollutant can be broken down by natural processes?

Biodegradable pollutant Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of agricultural soil pollution?

Runoff fertilizers and pesticides from farmland Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of water bodies in the world?

Marine water bodies and freshwater bodies Signup and view all the answers