Ecology and Recycling Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary factor influencing the decrease in pH when acids are added to aquatic ecosystems?

  • Buffering capacity (correct)
  • Water temperature
  • Surface runoff
  • Presence of algae

    • Eutrophication is caused by a lack of nutrients in an ecosystem.

    False

    What problem is primarily caused by sediment loading in aquatic systems?

    Siltation

    The ________ reflects the importance of sorbed chemicals in eroding sediments.

    <p>enrichment ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a physical property of soil?

    <p>Soil organic carbon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Buffering Capacity = Ability of soil to resist changes in pH Eutrophication = Excessive nutrient enrichment leading to algal blooms Sediment Loading = Accumulation of sediments that affect water quality Soil Structure = Arrangement of soil particles and the spaces between them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Soil water content does not affect the physical properties of soil.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one factor that influences the runoff coefficient in a soil.

    <p>Rainfall intensity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of felled trees are used for paper making?

    <p>35%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recycling one ton of printing paper saves about 1 ton of wood.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main issue related to paper recycling?

    <p>Contamination from chemicals like Bisphenol A or PCBs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The recycling rate of paper in Italy in 2020 was __________.

    <p>87%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the recycling method to its saving in wood:

    <p>Recycling newsprint = Saves about 1 ton of wood Recycling printing paper = Saves more than 2 tons of wood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of paper pulp today?

    <p>Wood from trees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plastics have limited useful properties compared to traditional materials.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant benefit of recycling paper?

    <p>Saves energy and reduces CO2 emissions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between HDPE and LDPE?

    <p>The method of polymerization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Secondary microplastics are the result of the physical degradation of larger plastic objects.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum diameter that defines microplastics?

    <p>5 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Microplastics can come from the physical degradation of ______ objects.

    <p>larger plastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a source of primary microplastics?

    <p>Cosmetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the types of microplastics with their definitions:

    <p>Primary microplastics = Produced directly from industries Secondary microplastics = Derived from the degradation of larger plastics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true regarding microplastics in the environment?

    <p>They can be transported by wind and water bodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are common products that release secondary microplastics?

    <p>Tires and textiles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT used for METALS determination?

    <p>GC-MS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Stripping electrochemical analysis is a method specifically designed for microbial testing.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common indicator of microbiological pollution?

    <p>Coliform bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The presence of __________ is a primary source of microbiological pollution in water.

    <p>human and animal waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of pathogens with their characteristics:

    <p>Pathogenic Bacteria = Sensitive to inactivation by disinfection Virus = Smaller and more difficult to remove Parasites = Less sensitive to chemical inactivation for disinfection Cysts = More effective against UV radiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which analysis method is used for high molecular weight organic compounds?

    <p>GC-MSMS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Coliform bacteria multiply in natural waters.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are immunological assays used in testing for microbiological pollution?

    <p>Due to their ability to detect specific pathogens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors influence soil quality?

    <p>Rainfall, temperature, vegetation, and soil properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The concept of ‘clean soils’ is as well defined scientifically as ‘clean water’ and ‘clean air’.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first phase in the soil testing process?

    <p>Sample collection and handling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Environmental testing includes analysis of contaminants and the ______ properties of soil.

    <p>chemical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following parts of the soil testing process to their descriptions:

    <p>Sample collection and handling = Initial gathering of soil samples Method of analysis = Preparation and testing of the soil sample Interpretations and recommendations = Providing guidance based on analysis results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a soil quality index utilize in its development?

    <p>Pedotransfer functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fractional analysis in environmental testing is simpler and offers results with little value.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    List one challenge in establishing a relationship between environmental risk and the amount of an element in soil.

    <p>Difficulty in measuring and interpreting data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the environmental impact of recycling aluminum compared to producing it from bauxite?

    <p>It uses only 5% of the energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Incinerating aluminum with a thickness greater than 50 µm completely destroys it.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum temperature reached at foundries during steel recycling?

    <p>3000°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Steel recycling accounts for _____ of CO2 emissions in the industrial sector.

    <p>30%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following steel types with their descriptions:

    <p>Tinplate = Steel foil with a tin layer on both sides Chromeplate = Steel foil with a chromium layer on both sides Blackplate = Steel foil with no layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following processes has a high environmental impact due to energy demands?

    <p>Bayer process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recycling metals has become less popular than replacing them with alternatives like plastics.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the method used to sort aluminum at sorting plants?

    <p>Induced currents method</p> Signup and view all the answers

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