Ecology and Environmental Science Quiz

The scientific study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment, focusing on aspects like population size, distribution, and species interactions.

Total number of individuals of a particular species within a specific area.

A group of organisms that can naturally interbreed and produce fertile offspring.

The geographic area where a particular species is found.

The pattern of how a species is spread out within its range.

Interactions between different species in a community.

The process by which an organism's physiology or behavior changes in response to a specific environmental condition, but these changes are temporary and reversible.

Inheritable traits that have evolved over generations to increase an organism's survival and reproductive success in a particular environment.

The range of environmental conditions where an organism thrives and functions best. Think of it as a Goldilocks zone for the organism - not too hot, not too cold, just right!

Different forms of the same enzyme, allowing organisms to adapt to varying environmental conditions. Think of them as different versions of the same tool, each suited for a specific job.

The maximum amount of water a soil can hold against the force of gravity. Think of it like a sponge soaked with water, holding as much as it can before dripping.

The water potential at which plants can no longer extract water from the soil. Think of it as the point where the soil is so dry that the plant can't 'suck' any more water out.

The process by which organisms maintain a stable internal temperature. Think of it as keeping your body temperature in a safe zone, regardless of the external environment.

An organism's ability to produce multiple physical forms (phenotypes) based on its genetic makeup (genotype) and environmental conditions.

The range of temperatures that an organism can tolerate without experiencing significant stress.

A specific location within a larger habitat that differs in environmental conditions, providing unique resources or challenges for organisms.

The process by which an organism changes its physiology in response to environmental fluctuations, but these changes are temporary and reversible.

A strategy for survival in harsh environments where the organism reduces its metabolism and activity, often during periods of unfavorable conditions like cold or drought.

A specific type of dormancy where organisms enter a state of inactivity and lowered metabolic rate, resembling death, often triggered by environmental cues like winter.

A physiological state where organisms reduce their metabolic rate and body temperature to conserve energy during periods of cold or food scarcity.

A short-term period of reduced activity and body temperature, often triggered by fluctuations in food availability or extreme weather conditions.

A negative interaction between two or more species that rely on the same limited resource. Think of it like competing for the last piece of pie.

Competition between individuals of the same species. Imagine a family of bears battling over the same berry patch.

Competition between individuals of different species. Picture a lion and a hyena fighting over a carcass.

A rule stating that a population will grow until a limited resource prevents further growth. It's like a pie: You can only eat so much before you're full.

The idea that species with very similar needs will compete strongly and one will likely outcompete the other. Like two chefs fighting over the same ingredients.

A species benefiting from a relationship with a host organism, which is harmed.

A type of parasitism where the parasite ultimately kills its host.

A type of parasite that lives inside the body of its host.

A predator that actively hunts and searches for prey.

A predator that waits for prey to come to it.

The process of hiding to avoid detection by predators.

A type of defense mechanism where a palatable species mimics the appearance of an unpalatable species.

A biome characterized by dense, evergreen needle-leaved trees, a short growing season, and harsh winters with significant snowfall. These forests are often located in high latitudes, like Canada and Russia.

This biome experiences high biodiversity and the highest biological productivity on Earth. It is characterized by lush vegetation with a high density of trees, vines, and epiphytes.

This biome is known for its distinct seasons and deciduous trees that lose their leaves in the fall. It occurs in temperate regions and experiences significant rainfall.

This biome is characterized by a Mediterranean climate with hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. It features thick, evergreen shrubs that are adapted to drought conditions.

This biome is dominated by grasses, non-woody plants, and drought-resistant shrubs. It experiences frequent fires and a wide range of precipitation patterns.

This biome experiences distinct wet and dry seasons. It is characterized by a mix of grasses and deciduous trees, with a high abundance of large herbivores.

This biome is characterized by extremely dry conditions, resulting in sparse vegetation that is adapted to conserve water. Plants are widely spaced to maximize their access to limited water.

This biome is defined by its dense, evergreen needle-leaved trees and short growing season. It is located in high latitude regions with severe winters and significant snowfall.