10 Questions
What is the process by which plants make their own food?
Photosynthesis
Atoms are always found in compounds.
False
The process of separating mixtures is known as _______________.
separation of mixtures
What is the main function of teeth?
to break down food into smaller pieces
Match the following concepts with their correct definitions:
Nutrients = Substances required for growth and maintenance Food chain = Series of feeding relationships between organisms Water cycle = Process by which water circulates between the earth and atmosphere Impure substance = Substance with more than one type of particle
Match the following concepts with their correct categories in biology:
Photosynthesis = Nutrient and Energy Source Food chain and Food web = Feeding Relationships Respiration = Nutrient and Energy Source Teeth Structure and Function = Feeding Relationships
Match the following chemical concepts with their correct descriptions:
Atoms = Smallest unit of matter Gases = State of matter with neither shape nor volume Impure substances = Substances with two or more different elements Physical Change = Change in state of matter
Match the following chemistry concepts with their correct descriptions:
Atomic Structure = Protons, neutrons, and electrons The Periodic Table = Organized table of elements Chemical Change = Change in chemical composition Separation of mixtures = Process of isolating pure substances
Match the following biological concepts with their correct descriptions:
Digestion & Digestive system = Process of breaking down food Nutrients and their Sources = Substances necessary for life Respiration = Process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide Water cycle = Process of water circulation on Earth
Match the following scientific concepts with their correct descriptions:
Pure substances = Substances with only one element Impure substances = Substances with two or more different elements Water cycle = Process of water circulation on Earth Physical Change = Change in state of matter
Study Notes
Water Cycle
- The water cycle involves the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth
- It consists of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation
Photosynthesis
- Process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy
- Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2
- Importance: produces oxygen, regulates Earth's climate, and supports life
Feeding Relationships
- Food chain: sequence of organisms that eat other organisms
- Food web: network of interconnected food chains
- Types of consumers: herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, decomposers
Atomic Structure
- Atom: smallest unit of matter
- Subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, electrons
- Electron configuration: arrangement of electrons in energy levels (shells)
Periodic Table
- Organizes elements by properties and recurring patterns
- Elements: substances consisting of atoms with the same number of protons
- Periods: horizontal rows; groups: vertical columns
Substances
- Pure substance: matter with a fixed composition
- Impure substance (mixture): blend of two or more substances with varying compositions
- Examples: air (mixture of gases), alloys (mixtures of metals)
Gases
- State of matter with neither shape nor volume
- Properties: compressibility, expandability, low density
- Behaviors: diffusion, effusion, gas laws (e.g., Boyle's Law)
Physical Change
- Alteration of a substance's state or phase without change in composition
- Examples: melting, freezing, boiling, condensation
Chemical Change
- Transformation of one substance into another with a change in composition
- Examples: rusting, combustion, photosynthesis
Nutrients and their Sources
- Macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats
- Micronutrients: vitamins, minerals
- Food sources: plants, animals, fungi, fortified products
Teeth Structure and Function
- Tooth composition: enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp
- Functions: biting, chewing, grinding, speaking
Digestion and Digestive System
- Mechanisms: mechanical breakdown, chemical digestion
- Organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
Respiration
- Process by which cells generate energy from glucose
- Stages: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
- Importance: energy production, CO2 regulation
Separation of Mixtures
- Methods: filtration, sedimentation, decantation, chromatography, distillation
- Applications: purification, recycling, chemical synthesis
Water Cycle
- The water cycle involves the continuous movement of water on, above, and below the surface of the Earth
- It consists of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation
Photosynthesis
- Process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy
- Equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 (glucose) + 6O2
- Importance: produces oxygen, regulates Earth's climate, and supports life
Feeding Relationships
- Food chain: sequence of organisms that eat other organisms
- Food web: network of interconnected food chains
- Types of consumers: herbivores, omnivores, carnivores, decomposers
Atomic Structure
- Atom: smallest unit of matter
- Subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, electrons
- Electron configuration: arrangement of electrons in energy levels (shells)
Periodic Table
- Organizes elements by properties and recurring patterns
- Elements: substances consisting of atoms with the same number of protons
- Periods: horizontal rows; groups: vertical columns
Substances
- Pure substance: matter with a fixed composition
- Impure substance (mixture): blend of two or more substances with varying compositions
- Examples: air (mixture of gases), alloys (mixtures of metals)
Gases
- State of matter with neither shape nor volume
- Properties: compressibility, expandability, low density
- Behaviors: diffusion, effusion, gas laws (e.g., Boyle's Law)
Physical Change
- Alteration of a substance's state or phase without change in composition
- Examples: melting, freezing, boiling, condensation
Chemical Change
- Transformation of one substance into another with a change in composition
- Examples: rusting, combustion, photosynthesis
Nutrients and their Sources
- Macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats
- Micronutrients: vitamins, minerals
- Food sources: plants, animals, fungi, fortified products
Teeth Structure and Function
- Tooth composition: enamel, dentin, cementum, pulp
- Functions: biting, chewing, grinding, speaking
Digestion and Digestive System
- Mechanisms: mechanical breakdown, chemical digestion
- Organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
Respiration
- Process by which cells generate energy from glucose
- Stages: glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, citric acid cycle, electron transport chain
- Importance: energy production, CO2 regulation
Separation of Mixtures
- Methods: filtration, sedimentation, decantation, chromatography, distillation
- Applications: purification, recycling, chemical synthesis
Test your knowledge of ecological processes, including the water cycle, photosynthesis, and feeding relationships.
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