Ecology and Ecosystems Class 12 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a biotic factor in an ecosystem?

Grass (correct)

Soil pH

Water cycle

Sunlight

Which of the following best describes a keystone species in an ecosystem?

A species that has no impact on its ecosystem

A species that is at the top of the food chain

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance (correct)

A species that is only found in coral reefs

What is the primary difference between primary and secondary succession?

Secondary succession occurs in aquatic ecosystems, while primary succession occurs in terrestrial ecosystems

Primary succession occurs on bare rock, while secondary succession occurs in areas where soil is already present (correct)

Primary succession is faster than secondary succession

Primary succession is driven by human activities, while secondary succession is natural

Which of the following best describes a climax community in ecological succession?

A stable, self-sustaining community at the final stage of succession (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the maximum population size that the environment can sustain indefinitely?

Carrying capacity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem?

Break down organic matter and recycle nutrients (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Biotic Factor

A living organism (e.g., plant, animal) that influences an ecosystem.

Keystone Species

A species that has a significant impact on its environment, even if it's not the most abundant species.

Primary Succession

Ecological succession that begins on barren land with no soil. It's a slow process as soil forms over time.

Secondary Succession

Ecological succession that occurs on land that has been previously vegetated but has been disturbed (e.g., fire, flood). Soil is already present.

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Climax Community

The final stage of ecological succession, where the community is stable and self-sustaining.

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Carrying Capacity

The maximum population size that a particular environment can support over a long period of time.

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Study Notes

Ecosystem Factors

Biotic factors in an ecosystem include living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Keystone Species

A keystone species is a species that has a disproportionate impact on its environment and plays a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of an ecosystem.

Ecological Succession

The primary difference between primary and secondary succession is the presence or absence of soil: primary succession occurs in areas where no soil exists, while secondary succession takes place in areas where soil is already present.

Climax Community

A climax community is the final stage of ecological succession, characterized by a stable and diverse community of organisms that has reached a balance with its environment.

Population Size

The term for the maximum population size that the environment can sustain indefinitely is called the carrying capacity.

Decomposers

The primary role of decomposers in an ecosystem is to break down organic matter and recycle nutrients, allowing them to be reused by other organisms.

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Description

Test your knowledge of ecology and ecosystems with this Class 12 quiz. Identify biotic factors, understand the role of keystone species, and differentiate between primary and secondary succession. Perfect for students studying ecology or anyone interested in environmental science.