Ecology and Classification Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

What is the study of interactions between organisms and their environment called?

  • Classification
  • Niche
  • Taxonomy
  • Ecology (correct)

    • What is a species?

    A group of organisms who are similar to one another so they can breed.

    What is a population?

    Groups of individuals that belong to the same species and live in the same area.

    What are communities in ecology?

    <p>Groups of different organisms that live together in an area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ecosystem?

    <p>A collection of all the organisms that live together in a particular place as well as their non-living or physical environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the niche of an organism refer to?

    <p>The role that an organism fills or lives in an ecosystem.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is symbiosis?

    <p>Relationships between organisms outside of neutral interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coevolution?

    <p>Long term evolutionary adjustments of species occurring in response to the advantage of another.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sunlight is the primary source of energy for life on Earth.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only 10% of the energy available is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are producers?

    <p>Organisms that can produce their own food and energy (autotrophs) through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are consumers?

    <p>Heterotrophs that rely on producers or other consumers as a food/energy source.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are decomposers?

    <p>Organisms that break down organic matter.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following are herbivores?

    <p>Animals that eat plants only</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a food chain represent?

    <p>A series of steps in which energy is transferred through a process of eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is classification?

    <p>The process of putting things into groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is taxonomy?

    <p>The science of classifying organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is binomial nomenclature?

    <p>A two-name naming system for organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the main kingdoms in the Kingdom System?

    <p>Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are trophic levels?

    <p>Each step in a food chain or web.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ecology

    • Study of interactions among organisms and their environment.

    Species

    • Group of organisms that share similarities and can breed.

    Population

    • Individuals of the same species living in a specific area.

    Communities

    • Different species of organisms living together in a shared area.

    Ecosystem

    • Combination of organisms and their physical environment in a specific location.

    Niche

    • Unique role an organism plays within its ecosystem.

    Symbiosis

    • Various relationships between organisms beyond neutral interactions.
      • Commensalism: One species benefits, the other is unaffected.
      • Mutualism: Both species benefit from the interaction.
      • Parasitism: One species benefits at the expense of the other.
      • Predation: One species kills another for food.

    Coevolution

    • Long-term evolutionary changes in species due to interactions with others.

    Sunlight

    • Primary energy source for life, facilitating the conversion of simple compounds by producers (autotrophs) into complex organic molecules, which is then passed to consumers (heterotrophs).

    Energy Pyramid

    • Visual representation of energy transfer between trophic levels, with only 10% of energy moving to the next level.

    Biomass Pyramid

    • Illustrates total amount of living tissue available at each trophic level in an ecosystem.

    Producers

    • Autotrophic organisms that generate their own food through processes like photosynthesis or chemosynthesis.

    Consumers

    • Heterotrophic organisms that depend on producers or other consumers for food and energy.

    Decomposers

    • Organisms that break down organic matter, recycling nutrients in the ecosystem.

    Herbivores

    • Animals that exclusively consume plant material.

    Carnivores

    • Animals that primarily eat meat.

    Detritivores

    • Organisms that feed on decomposing plants and animals.

    Food Chain

    • Sequential feeding relationships where energy transfers through consumption.

    Food Web

    • Complex network of food chains illustrating interactions in an ecosystem; each step represents a trophic level.

    Classification

    • Process of grouping organisms based on shared characteristics.

    Taxonomy

    • Science dedicated to classifying living organisms.

    Binomial Nomenclature

    • Two-part naming system for species, comprised of:
      • Genus (first word, capitalized)
      • Species (second word, lowercase)
      • Both words italicized or underlined.

    Taxa or Taxon

    • Categories for grouping related organisms.

    Levels of Classification

    • Hierarchical system of grouping organisms:
      • Kingdom
      • Phylum
      • Class
      • Order
      • Family
      • Genus
      • Species

    Kingdom System

    • Major classifications include:
      • Monera
      • Protista
      • Fungi
      • Plantae
      • Animalia

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    Test your knowledge of key terms in ecology and classification with these flashcards. Learn definitions and concepts including ecology, species, population, and communities. Perfect for students and enthusiasts alike!

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