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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of community ecology?
What is the primary focus of community ecology?
Which factor is NOT considered an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
Which factor is NOT considered an abiotic component of an ecosystem?
What ecological phenomenon describes the rapid temperature change in water layers?
What ecological phenomenon describes the rapid temperature change in water layers?
Which statement is true regarding endemic species?
Which statement is true regarding endemic species?
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The concept of ecotones refers to:
The concept of ecotones refers to:
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What impact does more forest cover have on the environment?
What impact does more forest cover have on the environment?
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Which biome is characterized by low precipitation and high temperatures?
Which biome is characterized by low precipitation and high temperatures?
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What can lead to ecological changes and evolutionary change?
What can lead to ecological changes and evolutionary change?
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Study Notes
Ecology
- Ecology: Study of an organism and its environment
- Population ecology: Factors affecting populations (same species)
- Community ecology: Species interactions and effects on populations/communities
- Ecosystem ecology: Energy and chemical flow between organisms and environment
- Climate: Depends on temperature, precipitation, wind, and sunlight (global-solar energy, local-seasons)
- Global air circulation changes caused by radiation at the equator
- Seasonal cycles related to Earth's tilt
- Microclimates influenced by shade, wind patterns, and evaporative patterns
- Abiotic factors (non-living): pH, temperature, water, wind, light, nutrients
- Biotic factors (living): Animals, plants, insects
Ecological Change
- Ecological change alters the outcome of ecological interactions
- Evolutionary change alters selective pressures
- Example: Guppies evolved under low (reduce algae) or high (increase algae) predator conditions
Biomes
- Global climate change caused by burning fossil fuels, leading to extreme weather events/temperature changes
- Terrestrial biome: Species convergence, examples include desert, savanna, chaparral, tropical forests, grassland, tundra, and differences in precipitation
- Ecotones: Boundaries between biomes
- Aquatic biomes: Marine (3% salt), freshwater (0.1% salt), divided into zones (pelagic, photic, aphotic, abyssal, benthic)
Aquatic Biomes
- Aquatic biomes - marine 3% salt and freshwater 0.1% salt. Divided into different zones
- Pelagic: photic (light reaches) and aphotic (no light)
- Abyssal: Below aphotic (2,000-6,000 m below)
- Benthic: Sediment and organic matter below
Other Important Concepts
- Thermocline: Layer of rapid temperature change (warm upper water and cold lower water). Specific temperatures for winter, spring, and summer layers.
- Hypoxia: Low oxygen in freshwater
- Endemic species: Found in only one geographical area (e.g., Kangaroo, Saguaro cactus) at specific elevation
- Higher elevation conditions: High temperatures, low oxygen, dry conditions, high UV radiation
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Description
Test your knowledge on the principles of ecology, including organism-environment interactions, population dynamics, and ecosystem functions. Explore various biomes and the impact of ecological changes on species and communities. This quiz covers essential concepts and factors that influence ecological systems.
