Ecology and Biodiversity Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What role does high biodiversity play in ecosystems?

  • It limits interactions between species.
  • It enhances the capability to recover from disturbances. (correct)
  • It increases the likelihood of ecosystem collapse.
  • It reduces the availability of resources.

    • How do diverse species contribute to nutrient cycling?

  • Different species manage different aspects of nutrient flow. (correct)
  • Nutrient cycling is independent of species diversity.
  • All species cycle nutrients in the same way.
  • Only decomposers are involved in nutrient cycling.

    • Which ecosystem service is exemplified by forests providing timber and food?

  • Supporting services
  • Provisioning services (correct)
  • Regulating services
  • Cultural services

    • What happens when biodiversity declines?

    <p>Ecosystem functions may be lost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are wetlands important in regulating services?

    <p>They filter water and regulate floods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cultural services from biodiversity primarily provide?

    <p>Aesthetic, recreational, and cultural values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biotic interaction is vital for maintaining the health of forest ecosystems?

    <p>Interactions between plants and pollinators.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ecosystem service ensures continued flood regulation despite environmental shocks?

    <p>High species redundancy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary outcome of competitive exclusion?

    <p>Local extinction or migration of the less competitive species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does resource partitioning typically occur among species?

    <p>By reducing overlap in their ecological niches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon describes changes in traits among species that coexist in overlapping geographic areas?

    <p>Character displacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following examples best illustrates resource partitioning?

    <p>Different species of finches evolving to feed on different sizes of seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of competitive exclusion on biodiversity?

    <p>It may reduce biodiversity over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mechanism leads to less direct competition between species?

    <p>Resource adaptation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Darwin's finches, what trait variation is an example of character displacement?

    <p>Differing beak sizes adapted for different types of seeds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does competitive dynamics play in ecosystems over time?

    <p>They shape community structure and biodiversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do warmer temperatures affect the pine beetle's impact on ecosystems?

    <p>They enable the beetle to expand into new areas, attacking native trees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of coral bleaching caused by rising ocean temperatures?

    <p>It reduces coral health and alters marine biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecosystem service is directly affected by the loss of tree species due to climate change?

    <p>Carbon absorption capacity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does biodiversity loss have on ecosystem resilience?

    <p>It increases the vulnerability of ecosystems to disturbances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the melting sea ice in Arctic regions affect polar bears?

    <p>It results in a reduction of their available food sources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What relationship exists between global biodiversity loss and climate change?

    <p>They mutually reinforce each other, disrupting biotic interactions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does decreased plant diversity in wetlands have on water quality?

    <p>It worsens water quality by reducing pollutant filtration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it critical to address both climate change and biodiversity loss together?

    <p>To ensure the stability and resilience of ecosystems globally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do global atmospheric weather systems specifically influence the structure of vegetation in biomes?

    <p>They regulate temperature and precipitation patterns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements correctly describe one of the kinds of succession in vegetation?

    <p>Secondary succession is typically faster than primary succession.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely effect of competition for resources among species?

    <p>Competitive exclusion leading to the dominance of one species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the role of predators in ecosystems?

    <p>Predators maintain both species abundance and diversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major environmental pressure is anticipated due to climate change in terrestrial biomes?

    <p>Shifts in biome distribution and species ranges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ecological characteristic primarily differentiates Temperate from Tropical Biomes?

    <p>Temperature and moisture levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which outcome is a result of character displacement among competing species?

    <p>Niche differentiation to reduce competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the Lotka-Volterra model in vegetation competition?

    <p>The interactions between populations of different species and siblings of the same species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one significant impact of herbivory on plant growth?

    <p>It can reduce plant biomass and hinder growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can herbivores indirectly benefit some plant species?

    <p>By eliminating competition from dominant species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physical defenses do plants use to deter herbivores?

    <p>Thorns and spines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does herbivory have on plant reproductive success?

    <p>It can damage flowers and reduce reproductive capability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the reintroduction of lynx in Europe beneficial to ecosystems?

    <p>It helps control herbivore populations and restore forest balance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some consequences of reduced plant biomass due to herbivory?

    <p>Greater vulnerability to diseases and stress.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do predators play in ecosystem dynamics?

    <p>They help regulate species abundance and maintain biodiversity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy do plants often use to cope with herbivory, aside from physical defenses?

    <p>Chemical defenses like toxins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do pioneer species play in primary succession?

    <p>They help break down rock into soil.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes secondary succession from primary succession?

    <p>Soil is already present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following species is typically a pioneer in postglacial succession in Ireland?

    <p>Lichens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the climax community in northern temperate regions primarily dominated by?

    <p>Broadleaf forests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does climate influence the process of postglacial succession?

    <p>It determines the types of species that can grow in an area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can interrupt or alter the natural progression of succession?

    <p>Human activities such as deforestation and agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the later stages of secondary succession, which types of plants typically replace earlier colonizers?

    <p>Shrubs and small trees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of an early-stage plant that contributes to soil formation in postglacial succession?

    <p>Mosses</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    BI303 Exam Questions PDF 2023-2021

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the significance of biodiversity in ecosystems and the various roles that diverse species play. Explore topics such as nutrient cycling, ecosystem services, and the impact of biodiversity decline. This quiz will challenge your understanding of ecological principles and interactions.

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