Ecological Factors Affecting Species Distribution

Temperature = Effects on biological processes Light = Effects on photosynthesis Wind = Effects on seed dispersal Rocks and Soil = Effects on habitat formation

Dispersal = Limiting species distribution Behavior = Influencing habitat selection Predation = Regulating species populations Water = Affecting species distribution

Oxygen = Limiting species distribution Salinity = Affecting species distribution pH = Influencing species distribution Soil nutrients = Affecting species distribution

<p>Competition = Regulating species populations Disease = Limiting species distribution Parasitism = Affecting species distribution Predation = Regulating species populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Habitat selection = Influencing species distribution Inaccessible areas = Limiting species distribution Insufficient time = Limiting species distribution Chemical factors = Affecting species distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Species absence = Due to insufficient time Species distribution = Limited by habitat selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Random = Individuals aggregate in patches Uniform (regular) = It results from interactions among individuals of a population Clumped = Individuals are spaced in a pattern less</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population Size = The number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume Population Density = The number of individuals of a species related to individuals of other species' in a given location Population Abundance = The number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Moisture = Can lead to a clumped dispersion pattern Light = Can lead to a uniform dispersion pattern Soil structure = Can lead to a random dispersion pattern Temperature = Can lead to a clumped dispersion pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Commonness = The number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume Rarity = Based on three factors, including abundance, geographical range, and habitat specificity</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Uses a rope marked at intervals to sample species. Line (Transect) sampling = Samples species within a given distance of the line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Physical Fire = Can affect population abundance Moisture = Can affect population density Light = Can affect population size Soil structure = Can affect population dispersion patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Limited by the shape of the sampling unit. Line (Transect) sampling = Not limited by the type of species being sampled.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population Ecology = The study of how animals are dispersed in their environment Population Dispersion Patterns = The pattern of spacing among individuals within the geographic boundaries Population Size = The number of individuals of a species related to individuals of other species' in a given location Population Abundance = The study of population ecology</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abundance = The number of individuals of a species in a defined area Density = The number of individuals of a species in a defined area Population Size = The number of individuals of a species related to individuals of other species' in a given location</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Sampling understory vegetation in wetlands. Line (Transect) sampling = Sampling animal populations in grasslands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Recording presence or absence of species at each marked point. Line (Transect) sampling = Recording all individuals within a given distance of the line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Population Density = The number of individuals of a species in a defined area Population Size = The number of individuals of a species per unit of area or volume Population Abundance = The pattern of spacing among individuals within the geographic boundaries Population Dispersion Patterns = The number of individuals of a species related to individuals of other species' in a given location</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Useful for comparing data from different ecosystems. Line (Transect) sampling = Minimizes variation in results due to shape of sampling unit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = The size of the quadrat affects the results. Line (Transect) sampling = The length of the transect affects the results.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Recording all individuals within a given distance of the quadrat. Line (Transect) sampling = Recording species touching the line at marked points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Quadrat sampling = Does not require replicate quadrats within the same area. Line (Transect) sampling = Requires replicate transects within the same area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Immigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another Emigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Stability = Populations that fluctuate greatly due to organism Interaction between predator and prey species Metapopulation = Consists of a group of spatially separated populations of the same species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metapopulation = Populations that fluctuate greatly due to organism Interaction between predator and prey species Predator-prey relationships = Populations that have regular boom- and bust cycles Migration = Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state Population ecology = Study of populations in terms of their size, density, and distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boom-and-bust cycles = Lynx and snowshoe hare populations Immigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Metapopulation = A group of spatially separated populations of the same species Emigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Migration = Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state Emigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Immigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another Stability = Populations that fluctuate greatly due to organism Interaction between predator and prey species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lynx and snowshoe hare populations = Populations that fluctuate greatly due to organism Interaction between predator and prey species Metapopulation = A group of spatially separated populations of the same species Immigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Emigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metapopulation = Consists of a group of spatially separated populations of the same species Population ecology = Study of populations in terms of their size, density, and distribution Predator-prey relationships = Populations that have regular boom- and bust cycles Migration = Human movement before the establishment of political boundaries or within one state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Boom-and-bust cycles = Populations that have regular cycles of growth and decline Immigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Emigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another Metapopulation = A group of spatially separated populations of the same species</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Predator-prey relationships = Interaction between predator and prey species that affects population dynamics Metapopulation = Consists of a group of spatially separated populations of the same species Immigration = Introduction of new individuals into a habitat or population Emigration = Leaving one's native country or region to settle in another</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High population growth rate = r-selection Efficient resource use = K-selection Many small offspring = r-selection High parental care and protection = K-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rapid growth = r-selection Long life = K-selection Early maturity = r-selection Slow growth = K-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fewer large offspring = K-selection Little parental care or protection = r-selection High investment in individual offspring = K-selection Little investment in individual offspring = r-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Adapted to stable environment = K-selection Adapted to unstable environment = r-selection Pioneers/ colonizers = r-selection Niche specialists = K-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Later stages of succession = K-selection Niche generalists = r-selection Predators = K-selection Prey = r-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intrinsic regulation = K-selection Regulated by extrinsic factors = r-selection High trophic level = K-selection Low trophic level = r-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Short life = r-selection Long life = K-selection High parental care and protection = K-selection Little parental care or protection = r-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Many small offspring = r-selection Fewer large offspring = K-selection Early maturity = r-selection Late maturity = K-selection</p> Signup and view all the answers