ECN101/Basic Microeconomics Market Analysis: Demand
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Questions and Answers

What is a competitive market?

A competitive market is one with many buyers and sellers, each has a negligible effect on price.

What is the law of demand?

The law of demand states that the quantity demanded of a good falls when the price of the good rises, other things equal.

What is a demand schedule?

A demand schedule is a table that shows the relationship between the price of a good and the quantity demanded.

What does the tabular approach show in presenting demand?

<p>The tabular approach presents demand in a form of schedule or table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a perfectly competitive market function?

<p>In a perfectly competitive market, all goods are exactly the same and buyers &amp; sellers are so numerous that no one can affect market price – each is a 'price taker'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the graphical approach in presenting demand?

<p>The graphical approach presents demand in a form of curve or graph.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the demand equation in terms of price?

<p>P = a - bQd</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you solve for the slope (b) in the demand equation?

<p>b = (P2 - P1) / (Qd2 - Qd1)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the intercept or constant (a) in the demand equation for lattes?

<p>a = 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final demand equation for lattes in terms of price and quantity demanded?

<p>P = 8 - 0.5Qd</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the demand equation 1/2Qd = 16 - 2P imply?

<p>An increase in the price of latte by $1 results in a decrease of 2 units in the quantity demanded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the market quantity demanded for lattes when the price is $3.00?

<p>Market Qd = 15</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the Latte market, what is the total quantity demanded when the price is $4.00?

<p>Total Qd = 12</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the market demand curve for lattes derived?

<p>It is derived by summing the quantities demanded by all buyers at each price to obtain the market quantity demanded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a change in quantity demanded represent?

<p>Changes in the price of a good lead to a change in the quantity demanded of that good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the change in demand imply?

<p>It represents a shift in the entire demand curve due to factors other than price.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Competitive Market

  • A competitive market involves numerous buyers and sellers, each having minimal impact on prices.
  • Homogeneous products are typically offered, leading to price uniformity across the market.

Law of Demand

  • The law of demand states that, all else being equal, as the price of a good decreases, the quantity demanded increases, and vice versa.

Demand Schedule

  • A demand schedule is a table that displays the quantity of a good that consumers are willing to purchase at various price levels.

Tabular Approach

  • The tabular approach presents demand by using a chart that lists prices and corresponding quantities demanded, illustrating the relationship between price and quantity.

Perfectly Competitive Market Function

  • In a perfectly competitive market, firms are price takers and cannot influence market prices.
  • Market equilibrium is reached when supply equals demand, determining the market price.

Graphical Approach

  • A graphical approach shows demand through a demand curve, plotting price on the vertical axis and quantity demanded on the horizontal axis, demonstrating the inverse relationship.

Demand Equation

  • The demand equation expresses quantity demanded (Qd) as a function of price (P), often in the form Qd = a - bP, where 'a' is the intercept and 'b' is the slope.

Solving for Slope (b)

  • The slope (b) in the demand equation is found by measuring the change in quantity demanded relative to the change in price along the demand curve.

Intercept (a) for Lattes

  • The intercept (a) represents the maximum quantity demanded when the price is zero; specific to lattes, this could be represented as a constant in the demand equation.

Final Demand Equation for Lattes

  • The finalized demand equation for lattes can be expressed as Qd = 16 - 2P, indicating quantity demanded (Qd) is dependent on the price (P).

Implications of Demand Equation

  • The equation 1/2Qd = 16 - 2P indicates the relationship between price and quantity demanded, simplifying to show price elasticity and demand responsiveness.

Market Quantity Demanded at $3.00

  • When the price of lattes is set at $3.00, the market quantity demanded can be calculated using the demand equation, yielding Qd = 16 - 2(3) = 10.

Total Quantity Demanded at $4.00

  • At a price of $4.00, the total quantity demanded for lattes is found by substituting into the demand equation: Qd = 16 - 2(4) = 8.

Derivation of Market Demand Curve

  • The market demand curve for lattes is derived by summing individual demand curves representative of all consumers in the market at each price point.

Change in Quantity Demanded

  • A change in quantity demanded reflects movements along the demand curve caused by price changes, illustrating immediate consumer responsiveness.

Change in Demand

  • A change in demand indicates a shift of the entire demand curve due to factors other than price, such as consumer preferences, income changes, or the prices of related goods.

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Description

Test your knowledge of market analysis and demand in basic microeconomics with this quiz. Topics include competitive markets, demand behavior, and the characteristics of a perfectly competitive market.

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