Lecture 6.2 - Interpretation of ECG
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Questions and Answers

What is the measure of the x-axis in an ECG tracing?

  • Time (s) (correct)
  • Voltage (mV)
  • Heart rate (bpm)
  • Axis deviation (degrees)

    • What is the normal range of heart rate in a normal sinus rhythm?

  • 50-90 bpm
  • 70-110 bpm
  • 60-100 bpm (correct)
  • 40-80 bpm

    • How is the heart rate determined in an ECG with an irregular rhythm?

  • Counting the number of QRS complexes in 1 minute
  • Dividing 300 by the number of large squares between consecutive R waves
  • Multiplying the number of P waves in 10 seconds by 6 (correct)
  • Counting the number of P waves in 1 minute

    • What is the characteristic of a normal T wave?

    <p>Upright</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal duration of the PR interval?

    <p>3-5 small boxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a normal QRS complex?

    <p>Less than 3 small boxes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal axis deviation of the heart?

    <p>Between -30 to +90 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition associated with an extreme axis deviation (EAD)?

    <p>Ventricular tachycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ECG Tracing

    • The x-axis measures time in seconds, with a small box representing 0.04s and a large box representing 0.2s.
    • The y-axis measures voltage in millivolts, with a small box representing 0.1mV and a large box representing 0.5mV.

    Assessing Rhythm and Rate

    • Normal sinus rhythm is characterized by a heart rate between 60-100 bpm, presence of p-waves, and a constant R-R interval.
    • A heart rate can be determined using the 300 method for regular rhythms or the 6 times method for irregular rhythms.
    • The 300 method involves counting the number of large squares between consecutive P or R waves and dividing 300 by that number.
    • The 6 times method involves counting the number of P or R waves in a 10-second strip and multiplying by 6.

    Wave Characteristics

    • P-waves are less than 3 small boxes (0.12s) in duration.
    • PR intervals are 3-5 small boxes (0.12-0.2s) in duration.
    • QRS complexes are less than 3 small boxes (0.12s) in duration.
    • T-waves are typically upright, and an inverted T-wave may indicate myocardial infarction.
    • ST segments are isoelectric.
    • QT intervals are less than half of the preceding R-R interval.

    Axis Determination

    • The axis of the heart is normally between -30 to +90 degrees.
    • Axis determination involves examining the QRS complexes in leads I, II, and aVF.
    • A normal axis is characterized by a positive QRS in lead I and aVF.
    • Right axis deviation (RAD) is indicated by a negative QRS in lead I and a positive QRS in aVF.
    • Left axis deviation (LAD) is indicated by a positive QRS in lead I and a negative QRS in aVF.
    • Extreme axis deviation (EAD) is indicated by a negative QRS in leads I, II, and aVF.

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    Lecture 6.2 - Interpretation of ECG PDF

    Description

    Learn the basics of ECG tracing, including the x-axis and y-axis measurements, and assessing the rhythm and rate of a normal sinus rhythm. Understand the heart rate and p-waves in an ECG tracing.

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