18 Questions
What should not be given in right-sided heart failure due to its fluid-dependent nature?
Nitrates
Which ECG marker is indicative of transmural myocardial injury?
ST segment elevation
What does ST segment depression typically reflect in terms of myocardial injury?
Subendocardial injury
Which of the following represents a pathologic Q wave indicating myocardial necrosis?
Q wave that is ⅓ height of the R wave
In the context of myocardial injury, when would troponin levels typically start to rise?
1-2 hours after injury
Why is it important to avoid giving nitrates in right-sided heart failure?
They decrease cardiac output
Which medication should be avoided in a patient with an inferior wall myocardial infarction?
Nitrates
What does ST depression on an ECG indicate?
Myocardial ischemia
Which of the following ECG changes represents acute myocardial injury?
ST elevation
What is the best treatment for a patient with ST segment elevation in anterior leads and positive troponin?
Cardiac catheterization
In a patient with chest pain and ST elevation in leads II, III, and aVF, what should NOT be included in the treatment?
Thrombolytics
What does the presence of Q waves in an ECG suggest?
Prior myocardial infarction
What is the BEST TEST for evaluating heart failure with reduced ejection fraction?
Echocardiogram (Doppler)
Which type of myocardial infarction is characterized by ST elevation in leads I, aVL, V5, and V6?
Lateral wall
Which therapy is recommended for decreasing mortality in heart failure patients?
Beta Blockers
Which leads show characteristic findings of an anterior wall myocardial infarction?
Leads V1 - V4
Which pharmacological therapy can help alleviate symptoms in heart failure patients?
Loop Diuretics
What nonspecific finding is commonly observed in ECGs of patients with diastolic heart failure?
Normal EKG
Test your knowledge on ECG changes, right sided heart failure, and myocardial injuries. Identify different ECG markers for transmural and subendocardial myocardial injuries.
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