ECG Basics and Components Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does ECG stand for?

  • Electrical Current Generator
  • Electrocardiac Graph
  • Electrocardiogram (correct)
  • Electrochemical Gene

    • What is the normal speed at which an ECG machine records heart beats over time?

  • 50mm/s
  • 5mm/s
  • 25mm/s (correct)
  • 10mm/s

    • What should be checked when having an ECG?

  • Date/time, patient's name, sex, ID (correct)
  • Blood sugar level and oxygen saturation
  • Temperature and respiratory rate
  • Blood pressure and cholesterol level

    • What does the voltage represent in an ECG?

    <p>Height and depth of the waves that represent the heart's electrical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard speed calibration for a properly calibrated ECG machine?

    <p>$1mV signal produces a 10mm deflection$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal PR interval in an ECG when set at normal standardization?

    <p>$0.12-0.20 seconds &lt; 1 big square$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal duration of the P wave in an ECG?

    <p>0.12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with a prolonged QT interval at slower heart rate?

    <p>Hypomagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a hyperacute T wave indicate in an ECG?

    <p>ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is left axis deviation determined in an ECG?

    <p>Lead I is positive and leads II &amp; III are negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does ST depression of more than 0.5mm indicate in an ECG?

    <p>Ischaemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a biphasic T wave or flattened T wave indicate in an ECG?

    <p>$K^+$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lead is used to determine the midclavicular line in an ECG?

    <p>V4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a peaked T wave indicate in an ECG?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal amplitude of ST-elevation in an ECG?

    <p>&gt; 1 mm (0.1 mV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal duration of the ST segment in an ECG?

    <p>0.16 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the PR interval in an ECG when set at normal standardization?

    <p>0.12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is associated with a prolonged QT interval at slower heart rate?

    <p>Hypokalemia, Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is left axis deviation determined in an ECG?

    <p>If lead I is positive (R wave) and lead II &amp; III are negative, this indicates left axis deviation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the presence of a peaked T wave in an ECG indicate?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal duration of the P wave in an ECG?

    <p>Less than 0.12 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal speed at which an ECG machine records heart beats over time?

    <p>25mm/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration of the PR interval in an ECG when set at two times normal standardization?

    <p>0.12-0.20 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the standard speed calibration for a properly calibrated ECG machine?

    <p>1 mV signal produces a 10 mm deflection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the duration range for the onset of the P wave to the start of the QRS complex in lead II of an ECG?

    <p>0.12-0.20 seconds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal amplitude of ST-elevation in an ECG?

    <p>1mv or 10 mm or 2 large squares</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ECG Overview

    • ECG stands for Electrocardiogram, a test that records the electrical activity of the heart over time.
    • Normal recording speed for an ECG machine is typically 25 mm/sec, representing heartbeats over time.

    ECG Monitoring and Measurements

    • When having an ECG, it is essential to check lead placement, heart rate, and rhythm to ensure accurate results.
    • Voltage in an ECG reflects the electrical force generated by the heart's depolarization and repolarization cycles.

    Standard Calibration and Intervals

    • A properly calibrated ECG machine has a standard speed of 25 mm/sec.
    • The normal PR interval ranges from 120 to 200 milliseconds, representing the time from atrial contraction to ventricular contraction.
    • The duration of the P wave is typically between 80 to 100 milliseconds.

    Conditions and Indicators in ECG

    • A prolonged QT interval is associated with bradycardia (slow heart rate), potentially indicating various cardiac conditions.
    • Hyperacute T waves can indicate early phase ischemia or myocardial infarction.
    • Left axis deviation in an ECG is determined by examining the QRS complex in leads I and aVF; a negative aVF with a positive lead I suggests deviation.
    • ST depression greater than 0.5 mm may indicate myocardial ischemia or digitalis effect.
    • A biphasic or flattened T wave often signifies ischemia or electrolyte imbalances.

    Key Lead and Wave Indicators

    • The midclavicular line in an ECG is established using lead V4.
    • A peaked T wave is typically indicative of hyperkalemia or potential myocardial injury.
    • Normal amplitude for ST elevation is usually ≥ 1 mm above the baseline.
    • The ST segment duration is generally about 120 milliseconds.
    • The duration from the onset of the P wave to the start of the QRS complex in lead II typically ranges from 120 to 200 milliseconds.

    Recap of Key Measures

    • The PR interval duration, under standardization, should be around 120 to 200 milliseconds.
    • The heart rates and rhythms must be checked for any discrepancies during the ECG for accurate interpretation.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of electrocardiogram basics and components, including the electrical phases of the heart, ECG device parts, and the important considerations when performing ECGs such as date/time, patient details, speed, and voltage.

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