ECE 421 Power Supply: Voltage Regulation and Transformers
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of a regulator circuit in a power supply?

  • To maintain a constant DC voltage despite variations in the input line voltage or load (correct)
  • To filter out fluctuations in the DC voltage
  • To convert AC voltage to DC voltage
  • To increase the DC voltage output
  • What is the purpose of a transformer in a power supply?

  • To convert DC voltage to AC voltage
  • To change AC voltages based on the turns ratio between the primary and secondary (correct)
  • To filter out ripples in the DC voltage
  • To regulate the output voltage
  • What is the process of converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC)?

  • Regulation
  • Transformation
  • Filration
  • Rectification (correct)
  • What is the output of a half-wave rectifier?

    <p>A pulsating DC voltage with one non-alternating polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of a filter in a power supply?

    <p>To eliminate fluctuations in the rectified voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a load in a power supply circuit?

    <p>A circuit or device that operates from the power supply voltage and current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the no-load output DC voltage of an ideal half-wave rectifier for a sinusoidal input voltage?

    <p>Vdc = Vpeak / π</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a full-wave rectifier compared to a half-wave rectifier?

    <p>Higher average output voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the configuration of a center-tapped full-wave rectifier?

    <p>Two diodes connected to the secondary of a center-tapped transformer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between a center-tapped full-wave rectifier and a bridge full-wave rectifier?

    <p>Transformer turns ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of rectifier efficiency?

    <p>Ratio of DC output power to AC input power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a full-wave rectifier?

    <p>To convert AC to pulsating DC with a constant polarity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the efficiency of ideal rectifiers being less than 100%?

    <p>The presence of AC power in the output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum efficiency of a half-wave rectifier?

    <p>40.53%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do smoothing circuits improve the efficiency of rectifiers?

    <p>By reducing the ripple and AC content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the benefit of using three-phase rectifiers over single-phase rectifiers?

    <p>They have inherently smaller ripple and higher efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of the four diodes in a bridge rectifier?

    <p>In series pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of efficiency reduction in rectifiers?

    <p>Losses in the transformer windings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of a full-wave rectifier over a half-wave rectifier?

    <p>It produces less ripple in the output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of diodes required for a half-wave rectifier in a three-phase supply?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the center-tap in a full-wave rectifier circuit?

    <p>To complete the circuit and allow current to flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of rectifier makes use of four diodes in a bridge arrangement?

    <p>Bridge rectifier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main disadvantage of half-wave rectifiers?

    <p>They produce more ripple than full-wave rectifiers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the output of a rectifier circuit?

    <p>Unidirectional pulsating current</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended capacitance value of a smoothing capacitor in a DC power supply circuit?

    <p>100uF or more</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum Working Voltage of a smoothing capacitor in a DC power supply circuit?

    <p>Higher than the no-load output value of the rectifier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of voltage can a regulator IC unit provide?

    <p>Either fixed positive or negative voltage, or an adjustably set voltage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of load currents that a regulator IC unit can operate with?

    <p>Hundreds of milliamperes to tens of amperes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the third terminal in a fixed voltage regulator IC unit?

    <p>To connect to ground</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the amount of ripple in the output voltage of a DC power supply circuit?

    <p>The capacitance value of the capacitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

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