ECDIS Navigation and Compliance Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a memory leak in computing?

A method for storing temporary files

A security vulnerability that allows hackers to access memory

A process that continually uses memory without releasing it (correct)

A failure in RAM leading to loss of stored data

What does a magenta question mark on an ENC chart represent?

A missing chart update

A user-generated note

A software error

An unknown object or attribute (correct)

What is the default value of the Safety Contour in ECDIS?

20m

30m

10m (correct)

How many navigational purposes are ENCs categorized into?

6 (A) Signup and view all the answers

What determines the Safety Contour on ECDIS?

Draft + Squat + Safety Margin (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Shallow Contour in ECDIS?

To highlight very shallow areas (A) Signup and view all the answers

How is the Safety Depth indicated on an ENC chart?

As bold black soundings (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding private data and SOLAS requirements?

Private data does not meet SOLAS requirements. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What do CATZOCs indicate?

Accuracy of depth and position data (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a suitable backup option for ECDIS?

Both a second ECDIS and an updated paper chart set. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In RCDS Mode, what is required to be readily available onboard?

Up-to-date paper charts covering the vessel’s route. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Who has the authority to specify the paper charts required on board while in ECDIS RCDS mode?

The coastal state. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of certificate is generally required for a type-approved ECDIS installation?

Type approval certificate. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does IEC Standard 61174 pertain to?

ECDIS operational and performance requirements. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What marking is assigned to ECDIS approved under the Marine Equipment Directive in the EU?

Wheelmark (W). (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which individual is known as a PSCO and operates under which MoU in Europe and Canada?

Port State Control Officer, under the Paris MoU. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the critical difference between using official Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) and private data in ECDIS for SOLAS compliance?

Official ENCs are specifically type-approved and meet SOLAS, while private data does not. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Besides a second ECDIS unit, what else is considered a necessary backup when using ECDIS, as per the content?

A full set of up-to-date paper charts covering the vessel's route. (B) Signup and view all the answers

When operating ECDIS in RCDS mode, which authority determines what paper charts must be carried onboard?

The coastal state of the areas being navigated. (C) Signup and view all the answers

For a type-approved ECDIS installation, what kind of certificate is normally required?

A certificate of type approval. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What specific aspect of ECDIS is addressed by the IEC Standard 61174?

The operational and performance requirements for ECDIS units. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the 'Wheelmark (W)' on ECDIS equipment approved under the European Union's Marine Equipment Directive (MED)?

It demonstrates the product conforms to EU safety and performance standards. (C) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Port State Control, what does the acronym PSCO stand for, and under which agreement do these officers typically operate in Europe and Canada?

Port State Control Officer, under the Paris MoU. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Apart from the main power supply, what additional power connection is required for a primary ECDIS unit?

A connection to the vessel's emergency power supply. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the "look-ahead range" in ECDIS?

To determine how far ahead the system can predict hazards (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a TRUE statement about ENC data?

ENCs are updated periodically and are typically licensed for specific periods. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In the event of an ECDIS primary system failure, what backup system does SOLAS recommend?

A second ECDIS system with identical capabilities (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using an Official Vector Chart (AVCS) in ECDIS?

Higher resolution than raster charts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the RCDS mode in ECDIS?

To provide a backup system when ENCs are not available (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to SOLAS regulations, how often must ECDIS systems receive updates?

Monthly or quarterly (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "SENC" refer to in ECDIS?

System Electronic Navigational Chart (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which standard governs the encoding of ENC data?

S-57 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What information does the "PEREND" attribute provide in ENC charts?

It marks the end date of data validity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of chart format does the acronym RNC stand for?

Raster Navigational Chart (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does "CATZOC" refer to in ENC charts?

The zone of confidence indicating chart reliability (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the acronym RENC stand for?

Regional Electronic Navigation Centre (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which IMO Convention mandates the use of ECDIS as the primary means of navigation?

SOLAS (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of a performance standard for ECDIS?

To guarantee the system operates efficiently and safely (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of not updating ECDIS systems regularly with ENC updates?

It may not reflect the most current navigational data, leading to risks (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of IHO in relation to ENCs?

To set standards for the production of ENCs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a "look-ahead time" in ECDIS?

To display upcoming hazards and obstacles ahead of the ship’s position (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does a "magenta question mark" indicate when placed next to a chart symbol in ECDIS?

The chart symbol is not defined in the ENC data (C) Signup and view all the answers

What best describes the necessary condition for using private data within an ECDIS to comply with SOLAS carriage requirements?

The data must be certified and approved by a recognized authority. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Besides an additional ECDIS unit, what constitutes an acceptable backup arrangement for ECDIS as per the regulations?

A comprehensive set of up-to-date paper charts. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In RCDS Mode, if a vessel does not have the required number of charts, what should happen?

The vessel might be detained by the Port State Control. (D) Signup and view all the answers

If an ECDIS unit has been type approved, which document verifies the compliance of its design and manufacturing?

Certificate of Type Approval. (A) Signup and view all the answers

The operational and performance requirements for ECDIS are mostly covered by which standards?

IEC Standard 61174. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Regarding ECDIS equipment with the 'W' symbol, what does this specifically indicate for equipment approved in the European Union?

It is type-approved under the Marine Equipment Directive. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for carrying out Port Safety Control within the European Union?

Port State Control Officer. (D) Signup and view all the answers

An ECDIS will typically generate alarms under which of the stated conditions?

If there is a GPS signal interruption or outage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Besides the main power source, an ECDIS should always be connected to which additional power source?

Backup power source. (B) Signup and view all the answers

If you suspect a ‘memory leak’ on an ECDIS computer, what is the most likely action you should take first?

Perform a reboot (restart) of the ECDIS system. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A magenta question mark appears on top of a chart symbol on your ECDIS.What is the likely reason for this?

The symbol's data is considered potentially uncertain or unreliable. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the area defined by the ship where it is guaranteed to avoid hazards?

The area within which the ship is guaranteed to avoid hazards (D) Signup and view all the answers

ENCs have different categories based on chart's usage. Which of the options is a valid category?

Harbor and approach navigation. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum size allowed for an ENC cell?

5MB (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary intent of the Safety Contour in ECDIS, and what is it's default setting in meters?

To mark the safe navigable depth ; 10m. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes how 'under-scale' is indicated on ECDIS?

A message or warning is displayed, indicating that the chart scale is smaller than required (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Shallow Contour designed to display within the ECDIS, and in what mode it is most useful?

Very shallow areas; most useful in night mode. (A) Signup and view all the answers

The deep contour shown on ECDIS represents what?

The point where it's assumed that vessels can safely operate. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a zone operating under ECDIS regulations?

The area where navigational safety is prioritized and updates must be applied (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'U' symbol represent on the ENC?

Unknown zone (C) Signup and view all the answers

What should be installed before adding an AVCS or ARCS update disc in ECDIS?

A base disc must be installed first (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which organization sets the performance standards for ECDIS?

IMO (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum size of an ENC cell in megabytes?

5MB (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of charts does RCDS serve as a backup for during ECDIS operation?

Raster charts (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is represented by the SCAMIN attribute on an ENC?

The scale at which an object is visible (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does SOLAS Chapter V state about commercial vessels and charts?

All commercial vessels must carry charts (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does CATZOC categorize?

Accuracy for hydrographic data (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of SENC in relation to ECDIS?

System Electronic Navigation Chart (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Safety Domain within ECDIS?

To define safety parameters for the vessel (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the correct shutdown procedure for an ECDIS is not followed?

System data could be corrupted (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the required backup navigation system for ECDIS according to SOLAS?

Paper charts (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which IHO Standard pertains to the safeguarding of ENC data during transmission?

S-63 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does PERSTA in an ENC file signify?

The start date for the chart’s validity (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of ECDIS in navigation?

To check the vessel’s position relative to hazards (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Overscale' indicate in ENC usage?

The chart exceeds the maximum allowable scale (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does AVCS stand for in ECDIS terminology?

Admiralty Vector Chart Service (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should a type-approved ECDIS installation ensure?

Compliance with specific SOLAS requirements (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'SCAMIN' attribute define in ENC charts?

Minimum scale for symbol visibility on the chart (A) Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should updates for ENC charts be received onboard?

As specified by the chart provider, typically monthly or quarterly (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the Safety Contour in ECDIS used to represent?

The depth below which navigation is considered safe (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of ENC and RNC charts, what is true about their characteristics?

ENC charts are vector-based, while RNC charts are raster-based (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the ‘Safety Depth’ attribute signify in ECDIS?

The threshold where an alarm triggers if the ship enters shallow waters (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main responsibility of the ship’s master concerning ECDIS?

To ensure that the system is used as a primary means of navigation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'S-57' pertain to in ECDIS?

A specification for ENC data format (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) concerning ECDIS?

To establish performance standards for ECDIS (A) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

SOLAS Compliance and Private Data: Private ECDIS data does not meet SOLAS requirements. Type-approved ECDIS installations may meet requirements sometimes. A type-approved ECDIS installation may meet requirements in specific situations. A secondary backup system is sometimes required
ECDIS Backup: A second independent ECDIS unit and a full set of up-to-date paper charts are appropriate backups. All commercial vessels must have both.
ECDIS in RCDS Mode: Up-to-date paper charts covering the vessel's route are mandatory when operating in RCDS mode. The coastal state dictates which charts are required.
ECDIS Certification: A type-approved ECDIS installation requires a Certificate of Type Approval.
ECDIS Standards: IEC Standard 61174 defines ECDIS operational and performance requirements.
European ECDIS Marking: ECDIS approved under the Marine Equipment Directive (MED) has a Wheelmark (W).
Port State Control Officers (PSCOs): PSCOs operate under the Paris MoU (in Europe and Canada).
ECDIS Alarms: Approaching safety contours, crossing prohibited areas, and deviating from the planned route trigger alarms. GPS signal loss, vessel speed above limits, and cross-track deviations will also trigger an alarm.
ECDIS Power: The primary ECDIS requires a secondary power source (battery backup or emergency power).
Memory Leaks: Memory leaks occur when a process continuously uses memory without releasing it. Restarting the system can resolve a memory leak.
ENC Chart Anomalies: The magenta question mark on an ENC signifies an unknown object or attribute.
ENC Categories: ENCs are categorized into six navigational purposes. Includes coastal, general, and offshore navigation.
ECDIS Safety Contour: The default safety contour is 10m, calculated by adding draft, squat, and safety margin.
Shallow Contour: The shallow contour highlights shallow areas.
Deep Contour: The deep contour marks the depth where safe vessel navigation occurs.
Safety Depth Display: Bold black soundings represent the safety depth on an ENC. A visual alert is given when this depth is exceeded.
ENC Accuracy: ENCs are more accurate than RNCs or paper charts due to continuous updates. Updates are received from the chart provider, typically monthly or quarterly. To ensure the most accurate data, updates should be applied regularly. Updates must be applied.
CATZOCs: CATZOCs indicate accuracy of depth and position data on ENCs.
Safety Domain: This defines a navigable area for vessels. It includes parameters like depth range, look-ahead time, and lateral closeness.
Official Raster Charts (AVCS): Provides higher resolution than raster charts.
Look-Ahead Range: Allows the system to predict hazards farther in advance.
ENC Data Updates: ENC data updates must be applied regularly as required by chart providers
SENC: Used to describe a simplified Electronic Navigational Chart.
RCDS Mode: Used to display Raster Charts as a backup or alternative to ENCs when no ENC coverage is available.
Raster Navigational Charts (RNC): A Raster charts format.
RENC: A Regional Electronic Navigation Centre. Important for validating and distributing ENCs.
IHO Standard S-57: Used for encoding ENC data.

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Description

This quiz covers essential aspects of ECDIS (Electronic Chart Display and Information System) related to navigation and compliance with SOLAS regulations. Topics include backup requirements, certification processes, standards, and operational guidelines. Test your knowledge on the crucial elements of ECDIS functionality and safety measures.