Podcast
Questions and Answers
What patient signs and symptoms will help confirm a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?
What patient signs and symptoms will help confirm a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?
What is the most recommended treatment for migraine headaches?
What is the most recommended treatment for migraine headaches?
Which risk factor is NOT associated with stroke prevention?
Which risk factor is NOT associated with stroke prevention?
What are the key nursing actions for managing a patient during a tonic-clonic seizure?
What are the key nursing actions for managing a patient during a tonic-clonic seizure?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a medication to avoid when a patient has Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)?
Which of the following is a medication to avoid when a patient has Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)?
Signup and view all the answers
What physiologic change leads to self-care challenges in advanced Parkinson's patients?
What physiologic change leads to self-care challenges in advanced Parkinson's patients?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary focus of care goals for patients with Multiple Sclerosis?
What is the primary focus of care goals for patients with Multiple Sclerosis?
Signup and view all the answers
How is an Absence seizure typically diagnosed?
How is an Absence seizure typically diagnosed?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary purpose of using celecoxib (Celebrex) in patients with osteoarthritis?
What is the primary purpose of using celecoxib (Celebrex) in patients with osteoarthritis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following laboratory tests would a nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of rheumatoid arthritis treatment?
Which of the following laboratory tests would a nurse monitor to assess the effectiveness of rheumatoid arthritis treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a key characteristic of osteoarthritis that differentiates it from rheumatoid arthritis?
What is a key characteristic of osteoarthritis that differentiates it from rheumatoid arthritis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which food is commonly associated with triggering gout attacks?
Which food is commonly associated with triggering gout attacks?
Signup and view all the answers
What patient education is crucial when discussing pregabalin (Lyrica) for fibromyalgia treatment?
What patient education is crucial when discussing pregabalin (Lyrica) for fibromyalgia treatment?
Signup and view all the answers
Which safety precaution should a nurse implement for patients undergoing care for a tracheostomy?
Which safety precaution should a nurse implement for patients undergoing care for a tracheostomy?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the most common infection control precaution recommended for a patient with influenza?
What is the most common infection control precaution recommended for a patient with influenza?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a primary risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
What is a primary risk factor for developing osteoporosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the first action a nurse should take in managing compartment syndrome?
What is the first action a nurse should take in managing compartment syndrome?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following are classic signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis?
Which of the following are classic signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Which nursing implication is important when administering alendronate (Fosamax)?
Which nursing implication is important when administering alendronate (Fosamax)?
Signup and view all the answers
What modifiable risk factor is most associated with the development of osteoporosis?
What modifiable risk factor is most associated with the development of osteoporosis?
Signup and view all the answers
What should patients be instructed about post-operative care after an above-the-knee amputation?
What should patients be instructed about post-operative care after an above-the-knee amputation?
Signup and view all the answers
Which class of drugs is typically used to treat osteomyelitis?
Which class of drugs is typically used to treat osteomyelitis?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a common medication prescribed for Rheumatoid Arthritis?
What is a common medication prescribed for Rheumatoid Arthritis?
Signup and view all the answers
What should be monitored in patients taking fluoroquinolones for osteomyelitis?
What should be monitored in patients taking fluoroquinolones for osteomyelitis?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
- Treatments for RA often include immunosuppressants to reduce joint inflammation.
- Monitoring includes blood tests for inflammation markers (ESR, CRP) and liver/kidney function.
- Joint deformities in RA can manifest as swan neck or boutonnière deformities.
Osteoarthritis (OA)
- Patients with OA experience joint pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, especially after activity.
- Celecoxib (Celebrex) is a COX-2 inhibitor that reduces inflammation and pain; common side effects include gastrointestinal issues.
- Adverse effects can involve cardiovascular risks and renal impairment.
Gout / Psoriatic Arthritis
- Gout symptoms include severe joint pain, swelling, and redness, particularly in the big toe.
- Triggers include purine-rich foods like red meats, shellfish, and alcohol; patients should avoid these.
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
- Patients with SLE must avoid sun exposure and maintain a prudent diet to manage symptoms.
- They are at greatest risk for infections, specifically opportunistic pathogens due to immunosuppression.
- Body image concerns relate to visible symptoms such as rashes or hair loss; supportive care and counseling can help.
Fibromyalgia
- Diagnosis of fibromyalgia is based on widespread pain lasting over three months and symptom severity.
- Diet education focuses on anti-inflammatory foods while avoiding caffeine, processed sugars, and gluten.
- Pregabalin (Lyrica) helps by modulating neurotransmitter release; important teaching includes cautions with drowsiness.
Arterial Blood Gas / Acid-Base Balance
- R-O-M-E acronym assists with ABG interpretation: Respiratory Opposite, Metabolic Equal.
- Causes of acidosis can be respiratory (e.g., COPD) or metabolic (e.g., diabetic ketoacidosis).
Influenza
- Infection control precautions include isolation and standard precautions to prevent the spread of the virus.
- Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is common; prevention includes vaccinations and hand hygiene.
- Treatment strategies differ between viral (supportive care) and bacterial (antibiotics) infections.
Tracheostomy Care
- Maintain sterility inside the tracheostomy tube by using sterile techniques during suctioning and cleaning.
- Emergency steps for dislodgment include reinserting the tube or using a catheter as a temporary measure.
Delirium & Alzheimer's Dementia
- Care needs vary: mild (independence support), moderate (supervision), severe (total care).
- Protective actions include ensuring safety and routine to reduce confusion.
- Donepezil (Aricept) and sertraline (Zoloft) are used for cognitive support and mood stabilization.
- Delirium safety strategies include orientation techniques and minimizing environmental stressors.
Fractures
- Teaching prevention focuses on fall risks, balance exercises, and home safety assessments.
- Post-operative care includes monitoring for pain and signs of complications.
- Compartment syndrome involves increased pressure leading to tissue damage; watch for severe pain and weakness.
Amputation
- Above-the-knee amputation care includes limb positioning to prevent complications and skin integrity.
- Classic symptoms post-amputation include phantom pain and body image issues.
Osteomyelitis
- Signs of osteomyelitis include localized pain, redness, warmth, and potential fever.
- Treatment includes fluoroquinolones like ciprofloxacin; nurses must monitor for tendon damage.
Osteoporosis
- Modifiable risk factors include poor nutrition, sedentary lifestyle, and smoking.
- Common symptoms include stooped posture and increased fractures.
- Alendronate (Fosamax) nursing implications include taking on an empty stomach and sitting upright after administration.
Prednisone and Addisonian Crisis
- Patients on hydrocortisone can have an Addisonian crisis if stress or illness occurs without adequate steroid coverage.
Bacterial/Viral Meningitis
- Signs of bacterial meningitis include fever, neck stiffness, and altered consciousness.
- Treatment steps start with prompt antibiotics followed by supportive care.
- Lumbar puncture is essential for diagnosis.
Stroke
- Diagnostic exams include CT and MRI for early identification; contrast angiography may follow.
- Types of aphasia include Wernicke's (fluent) and Broca's (non-fluent); they differ in comprehension levels.
- Risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, and smoking; encourage lifestyle modifications to reduce risk.
Headaches
- Tension headaches present with tightness; migraines with nausea; cluster headaches with unilateral pain.
- Treatments vary, with OTC for tension, triptans for migraines, and oxygen for cluster headaches.
- Sumatriptan (Imitrex) should be taken at headache onset with awareness of potential side effects like dizziness.
Seizures
- Tonic-clonic seizure management includes protecting the patient from injury and maintaining airway patency.
- Carbamazepine (Tegretol) requires monitoring for drug interactions and adherence.
- Absence seizures are diagnosed through EEG monitoring.
Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)
- Medications to avoid include those that can exacerbate symptoms, such as caffeine and certain antidepressants.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS)
- Triggers for MS include stress, infection, and environmental factors that can exacerbate symptoms.
- Beta 1a-interferon (Avonex) monitoring focuses on injection site reactions and flu-like symptoms.
Parkinson's Disease
- Physiological changes include tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia leading to self-care challenges.
- Goals of care focus on maintaining independence and safety through adaptive technologies and assistance.
- Carbidopa/levodopa (Sinemet) addresses motor symptoms; timing and dietary considerations are essential for effectiveness.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
