Eating Local: Benefits and Importance
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Questions and Answers

What effect can tartrazine have on children?

  • Reduced hyperactivity
  • Enhanced taste perception
  • Improved focus
  • Increased risk of asthma (correct)

Boys are less likely than girls to try foods with strange colors.

False (B)

What color is a common drink that has led to accidental poisonings in small children?

bright blue

Carmine can cause __________ reactions in some individuals.

<p>allergic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following food colorings with their potential effects:

<p>Carmine = Allergic reactions Tartrazine = Hyperactivity and asthma risk Bold food coloring = Makes food safety harder to judge Artificial colors = Increased hyperactivity in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of the study conducted at the University of Southampton?

<p>Behavioral effects of children consuming drinks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The US government considers all color and flavor additives in processed foods to be unsafe.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential behavioral change observed in children when consuming drinks with artificial ingredients?

<p>increased hyperactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the evidence regarding local food?

<p>Local food is unprocessed and organic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The speaker discusses specific reasons to eat locally grown food in their argument.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of the reasoning in the video is considered unsound?

<p>It fails to connect evidence with the claim. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would be an irrelevant piece of evidence to the author's claim about eating locally?

<p>C</p> Signup and view all the answers

Studies have found that the color of a food can influence the way people think it __________.

<p>tastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What color additives have become increasingly popular in children's foods?

<p>Bright blue and green colorings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following food-related statements with their implications:

<p>Brightly colored foods = Seem to taste better Color additives in children's food = Have become more vibrant Strawberry-flavored foods = Don't have to be pink Kids' preferences = Are drawn to outrageous colors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Locally grown food is always less expensive than nonlocal food.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do color additives in food have on children's behavior according to the study referenced?

<p>They make children hyperactive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tartrazine is considered safe for all children to consume.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do scientists worry about concerning chemicals in processed foods, especially for young children?

<p>Eating so many different chemicals may not be good for young children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boys are more likely than girls to try foods that are _____ colored.

<p>strangely</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement reflects a concern about color additives in food?

<p>They may cause hyperactivity and allergic reactions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the second point, changing the color of food can alter its taste.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What serious effects may Tartrazine cause in children?

<p>Hyperactivity, headaches, rashes, and increased asthma risk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the color additive to its potential effect:

<p>Tartrazine = Hyperactivity and allergic reactions Carmine = Allergic reactions Artificial colors = Hyperactivity Natural flavors = Generally safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the author's purpose for this video?

<p>To encourage viewers to think about the importance of eating local food. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main claim of this video?

<p>That we should eat food that is grown and produced locally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Transportation of local food is always environmentally friendly.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one supporting point for the main claim presented in the video?

<p>Eating food that isn’t produced locally takes a lot of energy to transport, which negatively impacts the environment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is relevant evidence that supports a supporting point?

<p>On average, food has travelled 1,500 miles from 'farm to plate,' which burns up an incredible amount of fossil fuels. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The evidence used in this video is sufficient to make the viewer consider the importance of eating locally because the speaker brings up sound ideas, but not sufficient to convince the viewer that this is the best option because there are not a lot of ______.

<p>facts</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding local vs. non-local food?

<p>Eating local food helps support local economies. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the supporting point with its corresponding evidence:

<p>Eating local food reduces carbon footprints = Food has travelled 1,500 miles from 'farm to plate'. Local food strengthens community bonds = Supports local farmers and businesses. Local food tends to be fresher = Often harvested more recently compared to shipped food.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements reflects a strong reasoning about food coloring's appeal to young people?

<p>The reasoning is sound because it highlights the increasing brightness of colors in food. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Adding color to food has been shown to have no impact on children's food choices.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What evidence might be considered irrelevant to the author's claim regarding food coloring?

<p>Research shows that sugary drinks can lead to a higher rate of obesity in young children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The author references an expert opinion to challenge the belief that food additives are ____.

<p>safe</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do the authors address the U.S. government's viewpoint on food additives?

<p>By referencing research findings about specific chemicals. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of paragraph structure is used in the fourth paragraph?

<p>Expository/Explanatory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Dr. Vyvyan Howard suggest about assumptions regarding food safety?

<p>He suggests that people assume safety because processed foods do not cause immediate harm, which is misleading.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following claims with their corresponding effects or implications:

<p>Food coloring can attract young children = Increased consumption of processed foods Specific chemicals may be harmful = Potential health risks Expert opinions challenge safety = Questioning accepted beliefs Sugary drinks lead to obesity = Negative health outcomes for children</p> Signup and view all the answers

The government claims that color additives in food are safe to consume.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are bright colors in food often associated with?

<p>Increased attractiveness to consumers, especially children.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tartrazine is a yellow food coloring that can cause _____ in some children.

<p>hyperactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one piece of relevant evidence that supports the claim about artificial ingredients?

<p>They seemed much more hyperactive when they had the drink full of artificial ingredients than when they had the fruit juice. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen when small children mistake toxic liquids for food or drinks?

<p>They may attempt to consume them, leading to potential poisoning.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following statements about color additives with their effects:

<p>Carmine = Can cause allergic reactions Tartrazine = Can cause hyperactivity and headaches Bright colors = Increase food appeal Artificial ingredients = May affect children's behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Author's purpose of video

To encourage viewers to consider the importance of eating locally grown food.

Main claim of video

Eating food grown and produced locally is beneficial.

Supporting point 1

Transporting local food is environmentally friendly because it travels shorter distances.

Evidence for supporting point 1

Food travels an average of 1,500 miles from farm to table, using significant fossil fuels.

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Evidence sufficiency

The video's evidence is sufficient to make viewers consider local food, but not enough to compel that it's the only best option.

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Local food

Food produced or grown in a nearby region.

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Environmental impact

The effect of something on the environment.

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Transportation cost

The expenses associated with moving goods from origin to destination.

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Sufficient evidence for local food?

Evidence regarding the pros and cons of local vs. non-local food is presented, but the importance of unprocessed and organic local food is missing.

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Insufficient evidence due to missing connections

The lack of personal connections between viewers and speaker, along with missing reasons to choose local food, makes the evidence insufficient.

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Sound reasoning explained

Reasoning is valid because it's a set of connected ideas that help understand the given evidence, supporting the author's view on eating local.

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Unsound reasoning example

Reasoning lacks proper connections between the presented evidence and the claim that local food is superior; some ideas might be untrue.

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Irrelevant evidence example (local food)

Evidence about community-building at farmers' markets, the lack of daily fruit/vegetable consumption, or the price comparison doesn't directly support the claim regarding local food superiority.

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Food color influence on taste

Studies show food colors can affect how tasty something seems, even if the flavor is the same.

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Increased use of bold colors in foods

Color additives in children's food are becoming more vivid and impactful.

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Food flavor and color independence

Flavors like strawberry and grape don't need to correspond to their traditional colors anymore in foods.

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Unnatural food colors

Artificial colors added to foods, often for appealing appearance.

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Accidental poisonings (children)

Children drinking toxic liquids mistaken for drinks, due to similar colors.

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Tartrazine

A yellow food coloring that may cause hyperactivity, headaches, rashes in some children.

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Food additive safety

The safety of consuming large numbers of different additives in food is uncertain.

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Hyperactivity study

A 2004 study linked artificial food colors and flavors to increased hyperactivity in children.

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Carmine

A food coloring that can cause allergic reactions in some people.

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Food safety concerns

Concerns about the combined effects of numerous food additives on children’s health.

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Children's food choices

Boys are more likely than girls to try foods with unusual colors or unusual mouth effects.

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Author's Purpose

The reason why the author wrote the text. What message do they want to convey to the reader?

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Main Claim

The main argument the author makes in the text. What is the author's central point?

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Relevant Evidence

Specific facts, examples, or data that support the supporting point. This helps the reader understand the claim better.

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Food Additives

Substances added to food to change its color, flavor, texture, or preservation.

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Color Additives

Substances added to food to change its color. They can be natural or artificial.

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Hyperactivity

Excessive energy, restlessness, and difficulty concentrating. Some food additives may be linked to this.

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Allergic Reaction

A negative immune response to a specific substance. Some food additives can trigger this.

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Food coloring effect on kids

Certain food colorings, like tartrazine, can cause hyperactivity, headaches, rashes, and even asthma in some children.

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Food coloring study

A study on 3-4 year olds showed that kids who drank a beverage with artificial colors were significantly more hyperactive compared to those who drank fruit juice.

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Color additives safety claim

The government asserts that color additives used in food are safe for consumption.

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Uncertain effects of food chemicals

Scientists are concerned that consuming many different chemicals found in processed foods may not be healthy for young children.

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Food color appeal

Changing the color of food can make it more appealing and attractive to children.

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Tartrazine as a danger

Tartrazine (yellow food coloring) is viewed by some as the most dangerous food additive.

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Evidence for food additive harms

The provided evidence includes a research study demonstrating hyperactivity in kids after consuming artificial food coloring, suggesting potential negative impacts, but further research is needed.

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Food color and taste

While changing the color of food might make it more appealing, it doesn't necessarily change the taste.

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Sound Reasoning

A logical and connected set of ideas that help understand the evidence presented and support the author's claims.

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Unsound Reasoning

When the argument lacks proper connections between the evidence and the claims, making the reasoning weak or flawed.

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Food Color Influence

The effect of color on how appealing or tasty food seems to people, even if the flavor remains the same.

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Increased Color Intensity

Food additives, especially in children's food, are becoming increasingly vibrant and impactful.

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Flavor-Color Independence

Flavors like strawberry or grape are no longer restricted to their traditional colors in food products.

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Author's Response to Conflicting Viewpoint

How the author addresses an opposing opinion, usually by presenting evidence that contradicts it.

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Paragraph Structure

The way a paragraph is organized, including common types like narrative, explanatory, descriptive, or compare/contrast.

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Study Notes

Video: Why Eat Local?

  • The author's purpose is to encourage viewers to consider the importance of eating local food.
  • The author does not claim that eating local food is the only way to access healthy food, nor does the author present an academic argument in favor of local food over non-local food.
  • The author's purpose is not to present the pros and cons of local food versus nonlocal food.

Main Claim of the Video

  • The main claim is that people should eat food that is grown and produced locally.

Supporting Point for the Main Claim

  • One supporting argument is that transporting local food is less environmentally damaging because it travels shorter distances.
  • Another supporting argument is that eating locally produced food creates more jobs, particularly for truck drivers within a given region.
  • A further supporting argument is that transporting non-locally produced food requires a substantial amount of energy, which negatively impacts the environment.

Relevant Evidence for the Supporting Point

  • One piece of relevant evidence that supports the point about the environmental impact of food transportation is that, on average, food has traveled 1,500 miles from farm to plate. This long-distance travel consumes a significant amount of fossil fuels.

Evidence in the Video

  • The evidence in the video is not sufficient because the speaker provides sound ideas but lacks sufficient facts, details, or research to fully convince the viewer this is the best option.
  • The evidence does not fully consider the pros and cons of local versus non-local food, nor does it provide a complete understanding of local food from an unprocessed and organic perspective.

Reasoning in the Video

  • The reasoning in the video is sound. It is well supported by a series of logically linked ideas that provide insight into the environmental and economic benefits of eating locally.

Irrelevant Evidence

  • Examples of irrelevant points if included would be: local farmers markets are a nice way for a community to come together, and many people in the United States don't eat fruits and vegetable daily.

Excerpt from Chew on This

  • Food coloring can influence how people perceive the taste of food.
  • Brightly colored food often seems to taste better than bland-looking food even though their flavor profiles are the same.
  • The use of bold food coloring in children's food has increased, making it more appealing to children.
  • This increasing trend in bold food coloring has led to accidental poisonings.
  • Many children mistake detergents and cleaning fluids for drinks because they look identical.
  • The widespread use of food coloring makes it harder to determine if food is stale or dangerous. Color alone is not a reliable indicator quality.
  • Some additives can cause harmful reactions such as hyperactivity, headaches, rashes, and increased asthma risk in some children.
  • A research study from 2004 shows young children were more hyperactive when drinking drinks with artificial ingredients than when they drank fruit juice.

Author's Purpose of the Excerpt

  • The author is trying to convince readers that the use of color additives in food can be dangerous, and that they should be avoided.
  • The author intends to share the results of research studies by providing evidence.

Main Claim of the Excerpt

  • The main claim is that color additives in food can be dangerous and should be avoided. This is supported by evidence of harmful reactions to some additives.

Supporting Point of the Excerpt

  • Many people, including young children, are drawn to brightly colored, unnatural foods.
  • The popularity of bold food coloring has led to accidental ingestion of dangerous liquids because they look visually similar to popular drinks.
  • Color additives in food can cause physical harm such as allergic reactions, hyperactivity etc.

Food Additive Safety

  • The US government claims that food color and flavor additives in processed foods are safe, but this may not always be the case.
  • Carmine can cause allergic reactions, and tartrazine can increase the risk of asthma and hyperactivity in some children.

Conflicting Viewpoint of Food Additives

  • The United States government's position on food additives frequently is presented as safe, which conflicts with the author's research findings showing otherwise.

Paragraph Structure

  • The paragraph structure employed to present information is expository/explanatory, outlining the main points and supportive evidence to present a clear and conclusive argument regarding the safety/unsafety of food additives.

Role of Quotation on Food Additives

  • The included expert quote adds credibility to the author's argument by demonstrating the perspective of an expert who has conducted considerable research on the subject.

Irrelevant Evidence

  • Examples of irrelevant evidence to the author's claim could include a paragraph stating that many pediatricians believe food colorings can cause sleeplessness in young children.

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Description

This quiz explores the key arguments for eating locally produced food as highlighted in the video. It examines the environmental benefits and job creation associated with local food consumption. Test your understanding of the main claims and supporting points presented in the discussion.

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