Eating Disorders Overview
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Eating Disorders Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is a common psychological characteristic experienced by clients with bulimia nervosa?

  • Increased appetite during binge episodes
  • Sense of lack of control over eating (correct)
  • Absence of distress post binge eating
  • A preference for high-calorie foods

    • Which of the following is true regarding binge eating disorder?

  • It is characterized by avoidance of all food types
  • It involves compensatory behaviors after binge episodes
  • It exclusively affects adolescents
  • It can lead to significant weight gain and related health risks (correct)

    • What distinguishes the purging type from the nonpurging type in bulimia nervosa?

  • Nonpurging type uses only laxatives
  • Purging type engages in excessive exercise
  • Nonpurging type does not restrict caloric intake
  • Purging type involves self-induced vomiting or other purging methods (correct)

    • Which demographic is most commonly affected by binge eating disorder?

    <p>Adults aged 46 to 55 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What behavior is characteristic of pica?

    <p>Eating nonfood items like dirt or paint chips</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What thought pattern involves believing that gaining weight will ruin one's life?

    <p>Catastrophizing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the belief that one's physical appearance reflects how they feel emotionally?

    <p>Emotional reasoning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior is commonly associated with clients who have anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Intense physical regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign that may be observed in clients who induce vomiting?

    <p>Enlargement of the parotid glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes clients who have binge eating disorder?

    <p>They are usually overweight or obese.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cardiovascular condition is commonly associated with anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Dysrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of excessive laxative use in individuals with bulimia nervosa?

    <p>Dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance is particularly associated with purging behaviors in bulimia nervosa?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychosocial symptom is likely to be observed in clients with anorexia nervosa?

    <p>Low self-esteem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical condition may indicate the need for acute care treatment in individuals suffering from eating disorders?

    <p>Heart rate less than 50/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a prodromal manifestation of eating disorders?

    <p>Regular balancing of meals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological influences are commonly associated with eating disorders?

    <p>Ritualism and feelings of helplessness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is considered a risk factor for developing eating disorders?

    <p>Personal history as a ‘picky’ eater</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component is involved in the interpersonal relationships aspect of eating disorders?

    <p>Pressure from peers regarding food choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT classified as an environmental influence on eating disorders?

    <p>Cultural beliefs promoting healthy eating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When assessing a client, what aspect of mental status should be evaluated?

    <p>Presence of cognitive distortions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following may indicate a lack of nurturing in family relationships related to eating disorders?

    <p>Chaotic interpersonal relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What biological factor is implicated in eating disorders?

    <p>Hormonal and biochemical imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential result of self-induced vomiting?

    <p>Decreased blood bicarbonate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with laxative use?

    <p>Hypomagnesemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a prolonged QT interval on an ECG?

    <p>May indicate electrolyte imbalances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can nursing care promote a client's self-esteem?

    <p>Rewarding the client for positive behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which screening tool is used for assessing eating disorders?

    <p>Eating Disorder Inventory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might hypoalbuminemia indicate in an individual with an eating disorder?

    <p>Malnutrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intervention encourages client participation in their care plan?

    <p>Establishing behavioral contracts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What deficiency is most likely to occur in females who have anorexia?

    <p>Decreased estrogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bulimia Nervosa

    • Clients typically maintain a normal weight (BMI 18.5 to 30) or slightly higher.
    • Common onset in females during late adolescence or early adulthood; primarily affects women.
    • Between binges, caloric intake is often restricted with low-calorie foods.
    • Two types:
      • Purging type involves self-induced vomiting, laxatives, and enemas.
      • Nonpurging type does not use vomiting but employs excessive exercise or laxatives.

    Binge Eating Disorder

    • Characterized by recurrent episodes of consuming large quantities of food without compensatory behaviors.
    • Distress often follows binge episodes; sense of lack of control is prevalent.
    • Occurs at least once a week for 3 months; more common in adults aged 46 to 55.
    • Associated risks include type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cancer.
    • Severity correlates with binge frequency.

    Additional Eating Disorder Categories

    • Pica: Involves eating nonfood items (e.g., dirt, soap).
    • Rumination Disorder: Regurgitation of food after eating.
    • Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder: Lack of interest in food, leading to poor nutrition.

    Prodromal Manifestations

    • Fluctuations in weight unrelated to medical conditions.
    • Abnormal eating habits, severe dieting, and ritualized behaviors (counting calories).
    • Lying about food intake and preoccupation with weight.

    Risk Factors

    • Occupational pressures in industries that emphasize thinness (e.g., modeling).
    • Individual history of picky eating in childhood.
    • Participation in sports that require a lean physique (e.g., wrestling, cycling).
    • Family history of eating disorders and biological factors (hormonal imbalances).
    • Psychological influences include low self-esteem, distorted body image, and potential trauma.
    • Media and societal pressures for an ideal body image.

    Expected Findings in Assessment

    • Clients often deny issues but display compulsive eating and dieting habits.
    • Mental distortions include overgeneralization, all-or-nothing thinking, and emotional reasoning.
    • High interest in food preparation, yet fear of weight gain persists.
    • Physical signs include low blood pressure, irregular heart rates, and various dermatological changes.

    Vital Signs

    • Monitor for low blood pressure, decreased pulse, and potential orthostatic hypotension.
    • Clients with anorexia may weigh less than 85% of the expected body weight.
    • Binge eating disorder often leads to overweight or obesity.

    Physical Symptoms by System

    • Integumentary: Fine hair (lanugo) in anorexia; calluses on hands in bulimia.
    • Head/Neck: Enlarged parotid glands and dental erosion due to purging.
    • Cardiovascular: Risk of dysrhythmias, heart failure, and peripheral edema.
    • Fluid/Electrolyte: Risks of acidosis, alkalosis, dehydration, and electrolyte imbalances.
    • Musculoskeletal: Muscle weakness and decreased energy levels.
    • Gastrointestinal: Symptoms include constipation, abdominal pain, and self-induced vomiting effects.

    Psychosocial Factors

    • Common manifestations include low self-esteem, impulsivity, social withdrawal, and irritability.
    • Mood disturbances often accompany eating disorders, leading to insomnia and depression.

    Criteria for Acute Care Treatment

    • Weight loss surpassing 20% of ideal body weight or below 10% body fat.
    • Vital sign abnormalities (heart rate <50/min, systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg).
    • Severe psychiatric episodes (e.g., depression, psychosis).

    Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests

    • Common abnormalities: hypokalemia, anemia, leukopenia, possible liver dysfunction.
    • Electrolyte imbalances depend on the method of purging.
    • Changes in thyroid function tests and potential metabolic changes.

    Screening Tools

    • Utilized assessments include the Eating Disorder Inventory, Eating Disorder Examination, and Eating Attitudes Test.

    Patient-Centered Care and Nursing Interventions

    • Establish trusting relationships and provide structured environments.
    • Use cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques to address distorted thinking.
    • Monitor vital signs, intake, output, and implement behavioral contracts.
    • Engage clients in decision-making and celebrate positive behaviors to promote self-esteem.

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    Eating Disorders PDF

    Description

    This quiz delves into various eating disorders including Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, and other related categories. It covers key characteristics, onset, types, and associated risks of these conditions. Test your knowledge on these important topics in health and psychology.

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