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Questions and Answers
What change in basal metabolic rate (BMR) is typically observed with aging?
What change in basal metabolic rate (BMR) is typically observed with aging?
Which issue is commonly associated with oral cavity changes in the elderly?
Which issue is commonly associated with oral cavity changes in the elderly?
How does gastrointestinal function typically change with aging?
How does gastrointestinal function typically change with aging?
Which kidney issue is commonly experienced by older adults?
Which kidney issue is commonly experienced by older adults?
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What sensory changes are associated with aging?
What sensory changes are associated with aging?
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What is one of the primary risks associated with sarcopenia in older adults?
What is one of the primary risks associated with sarcopenia in older adults?
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What is the suggested dietary protein intake for older adults to offset muscle loss?
What is the suggested dietary protein intake for older adults to offset muscle loss?
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Which of the following nutrients is crucial for maintaining bone strength in older adults?
Which of the following nutrients is crucial for maintaining bone strength in older adults?
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What condition is characterized by low bone mass and an increased risk of fractures?
What condition is characterized by low bone mass and an increased risk of fractures?
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What role does collagen play in the body?
What role does collagen play in the body?
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Which of the following is NOT a recommended nutrition strategy for managing osteoporosis?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended nutrition strategy for managing osteoporosis?
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What factor is significantly tied to the loss of bone density in postmenopausal women?
What factor is significantly tied to the loss of bone density in postmenopausal women?
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Which mineral is important to get calcium into the bone?
Which mineral is important to get calcium into the bone?
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What dietary adjustment is recommended to account for decreased muscle mass in older adults?
What dietary adjustment is recommended to account for decreased muscle mass in older adults?
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Which vitamin requires supplementation due to decreased absorption in older adults?
Which vitamin requires supplementation due to decreased absorption in older adults?
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Why is fluid intake particularly emphasized for older adults?
Why is fluid intake particularly emphasized for older adults?
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Which of the following micronutrients generally decrease with age?
Which of the following micronutrients generally decrease with age?
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What type of meal structure is recommended for older adults?
What type of meal structure is recommended for older adults?
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What meal preparation preference is common among older adults?
What meal preparation preference is common among older adults?
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Which condition is a significant nutrition-related concern for older adults?
Which condition is a significant nutrition-related concern for older adults?
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Which foods are older adults generally recommended to consume less of?
Which foods are older adults generally recommended to consume less of?
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Which population is most impacted by ARFID?
Which population is most impacted by ARFID?
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What is a primary characteristic of OSFED?
What is a primary characteristic of OSFED?
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Which of the following is NOT associated with ARFID?
Which of the following is NOT associated with ARFID?
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How can orthorexia negatively affect an individual?
How can orthorexia negatively affect an individual?
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Which of the following is a potential consequence of orthorexia?
Which of the following is a potential consequence of orthorexia?
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What types of behaviors might be seen in someone with a purging disorder?
What types of behaviors might be seen in someone with a purging disorder?
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What is the main focus of treatment for individuals with OSFED?
What is the main focus of treatment for individuals with OSFED?
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Which of the following conditions falls under OSFED?
Which of the following conditions falls under OSFED?
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What is the primary reason most dieters regain weight after losing it?
What is the primary reason most dieters regain weight after losing it?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fad diets?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fad diets?
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What is weight cycling associated with?
What is weight cycling associated with?
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Which bariatric surgery is considered the least risky and most flexible?
Which bariatric surgery is considered the least risky and most flexible?
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What percentage of dieters typically regain all or more weight within five years?
What percentage of dieters typically regain all or more weight within five years?
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Which surgeries are classified as restrictive?
Which surgeries are classified as restrictive?
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What is a potential impact of long-term calorie deprivation?
What is a potential impact of long-term calorie deprivation?
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What is a common long-term implication of dieting?
What is a common long-term implication of dieting?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of anorexia nervosa?
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What is a common health risk associated with binge eating disorder?
What is a common health risk associated with binge eating disorder?
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Which factor is considered a risk factor for developing eating disorders?
Which factor is considered a risk factor for developing eating disorders?
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What characterizes bulimia nervosa?
What characterizes bulimia nervosa?
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What is refeeding syndrome?
What is refeeding syndrome?
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Which eating disorder often involves episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting?
Which eating disorder often involves episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting?
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Which of the following is a key focus of nutritional therapy for anorexia nervosa?
Which of the following is a key focus of nutritional therapy for anorexia nervosa?
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ARFID is characterized by which of the following?
ARFID is characterized by which of the following?
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Which of the following best describes body dysmorphic disorder?
Which of the following best describes body dysmorphic disorder?
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Individuals with bulimia nervosa are MOST likely to experience which symptom?
Individuals with bulimia nervosa are MOST likely to experience which symptom?
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What is a common misconception about eating disorders?
What is a common misconception about eating disorders?
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What type of eating disorder involves significant caloric intake with feelings of lack of control but no regular purging?
What type of eating disorder involves significant caloric intake with feelings of lack of control but no regular purging?
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What is the mortality rate associated with anorexia nervosa?
What is the mortality rate associated with anorexia nervosa?
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Study Notes
Eating Disorders
- Disordered eating involves unhealthy eating behaviors and worries about food and body image.
- Eating disorders are extreme cases of disordered eating, diagnosed based on specific criteria related to body weight and eating behaviors.
- Body image is a person's perception and feelings about their body's appearance and functioning.
- Disordered eating patterns can be influenced by individual and environmental factors.
- Understanding the difference between disordered eating and an eating disorder:
- Disordered eating includes behaviors like chronic dieting, restrictive eating, binge eating, and food avoidance, while an eating disorder is more severe and encompasses extreme behavior changes.
- Both may include similar behaviors but disorders are much more severe, with varying frequency or severity compared to disordered eating.
- Common eating disorders:
- Anorexia nervosa: characterized by restrictive eating patterns, intense fear of weight gain, and distorted body image.
- Bulimia nervosa: characterized by binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors like purging to maintain weight.
- Binge eating disorder: characterized by recurring episodes of eating large amounts of food in a short period, often feeling a lack of control.
Other Eating Disorders
- Eating disorders are a psychiatric condition that involves extreme body dissatisfaction and long-term eating patterns that negatively affect body functioning. They are diagnosed by a medical professional.
- DSM-5 is a manual used for diagnosing mental health disorders, including eating disorders.
- Eating disorders are influenced by many factors, including genetics, temperament, and environment.
- Cultural obsessions, like diet cultures, can be strong factors in developing eating disorders. These encourage an extreme focus on thinness, often neglecting physical and emotional health.
- Body image influences eating disorders as a person's perception of their body can greatly affect their eating behaviors.
Common Eating Disorders
- Anorexia nervosa is a restrictive eating disorder characterized by severe weight loss due to an extreme self-perception of weight. Self-starvation is often a feature.
- Bulimia nervosa is characterized by repeated binge eating episodes followed by purging to maintain weight.
- Binge eating disorder involves recurring episodes of eating large amounts of food, coupled with a feeling of lack of control.
Etiology of Eating Disorders
- Risk factors include dieting, early childhood eating problems, concerns about weight and size, negative self-evaluation, sexual abuse, and other traumas.
- Precipitating factors involve puberty, parental divorce, death of a family member, or other mental health issues.
- Coping mechanisms, such as managing uncomfortable emotions, can play a role in disordered eating patterns.
- Gender, ethnicity, body shape, weight, sexual orientation, and socioeconomic status can also influence the risk.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD)
- BDD is a mental disorder where a person fixates on perceived flaws or defects in their appearance.
- BDD plays a role in eating disorders, as the constant focus on appearance can trigger restrictive eating behaviors.
- Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are linked to BDD.
- Health risks from BDD include deficiency in eating and bodily functions.
Nutrition Therapy for Eating Disorders, Nutrition in Older Adults
- Nutrition therapy for eating disorders focuses on normalizing eating behaviors and satiety cues.
- Nutritional needs change with age; factors like slowed metabolism (BMR), changes in absorption, tooth loss, chewing difficulty, and medication interactions are common in older adults.
- The body may not be processing nutrients effectively and so it's important for proper nutrition.
Food Insecurity and Public Health
- Food insecurity is when a household lacks consistent ability to obtain enough food for every member to maintain health.
- Food insufficiency also impacts chronic disease.
- Food insecurity can affect both adults with issues ranging from cancer to diabetes, and children with behavioral/emotional and development problems.
Social Determinants of Health
- Social determinants like socio-economic status, education, neighborhood, physical environment, employment, and social support networks greatly affect health.
- Food deserts are geographical areas lacking access to affordable, healthful foods, impacting nutrition and potentially related health problems.
Food Processing and Additives in Processed Foods and Diets
- Processed foods often contain low-cost ingredients, added sugars, and high ratios of calories to nutrients.
- Food engineering makes processed foods more appealing by manipulating taste, texture, and appearance.
- These foods can also contain hidden sugars, excessive consumption of which can contribute to chronic conditions.
- Food engineering techniques may negatively impact behavior and be directly linked to disease.
Weight Cycling
- Weight cycling is the recurrent pattern of losing and regaining weight, which is associated with negative health impacts.
HAES Theory (Health at Every Size)
- HAES supports healthy habits without the focus on weight control. This approach promotes body positivity, and encourages acceptance of body sizes and shapes, also acknowledging other factors in relation to health.
Food Advertising's Impact
- Advertising significantly impacts food choices, especially children who are more vulnerable to these influences.
- Companies often promote processed foods and unhealthy options through advertising, influencing public health outcomes.
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Description
This quiz explores the complexities of disordered eating and eating disorders. It covers definitions, common types, and the differences between unhealthy eating behaviors and clinically diagnosed conditions. Gain insight into how body image and environmental factors contribute to these issues.
