Eastern vs. Western Views of the Self
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Eastern vs. Western Views of the Self

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Questions and Answers

What contrasts the approach to self-construction in Western thought compared to Eastern thought?

  • Separation between philosophy and spirituality (correct)
  • Reliance on intuition for knowledge
  • Focus on ancestral heritage
  • Emphasis on collective over individual identity

    • Which of the following represents a major source of knowledge in Western thought?

  • Intuition and emotions
  • Religious traditions
  • Use of reason and logic (correct)
  • Ancestral wisdom

    • Which philosopher is associated with the empirical approach to knowledge in Western thought?

  • Confucius
  • Socrates
  • Lao Tzu
  • John Locke (correct)

    • In terms of socialization, which institution is primarily responsible for instilling social norms and values?

    <p>Family and community</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of individualism in the context of self-construction?

    <p>Freedom to express personal choices</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a consequence of socialization through institutions?

    <p>Development of a professional identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary philosophical distinction between Eastern and Western thoughts?

    <p>Interconnectedness of philosophy and religion versus separation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Relationalism, as a school of thought, is primarily associated with which philosophical tradition?

    <p>Eastern Collectivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of 'anatta' in Buddhism emphasize regarding the nature of self?

    <p>The self is an illusion composed of changing elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the concept of impermanence (anicca) contribute to the understanding of identity in Buddhism?

    <p>It helps diminish attachment to a fixed self by acknowledging that all phenomena are transient.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the teachings on mindfulness in Buddhism?

    <p>To learn to observe thoughts and feelings without attachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In contrasting individualism and collectivism, how does Buddhism view the concept of self?

    <p>The self is interconnected with all beings and is not isolated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What philosophical distinction does the interplay between Atman and Brahman illustrate?

    <p>The idea that the self and the universe are identical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best captures Buddhism's approach to socialization?

    <p>Understanding the collective nature of existence is central to personal growth.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the egocentric view of self?

    <p>Personal goals and self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key implication of understanding the self as non-self in Buddhism?

    <p>It fosters greater compassion and connection to others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of mindfulness in relation to the social construction of self in Buddhism?

    <p>Mindfulness enables one to observe and question constructed identities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept refers to the ultimate, unchanging reality in Hindu philosophy?

    <p>Brahman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Hinduism, what does the Law of Karma imply about actions?

    <p>They determine one's fate in current and future lives.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of self-realization in Hindu philosophy?

    <p>Understanding the connection between Atman and Brahman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the sociocentric view of self differ from the individualistic perspective?

    <p>It emphasizes the role of society in shaping identity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between Atman and Brahman in Hindu beliefs?

    <p>Atman is an individual soul that is fundamentally connected to Brahman.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best captures the ideal balance in sociocentric cultures?

    <p>Achieving individual ambitions while fulfilling societal roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these terms best encompasses the process by which one's identity is shaped through social interactions?

    <p>Social construction of self</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Eastern vs. Western Views of the Self

    • Eastern philosophies emphasize the interconnectedness of all things and often view the self as a reflection of its social context.
    • Western thoughts tend to focus on individualism, emphasizing personal freedom, self-expression, and the pursuit of personal happiness.

    Hinduism

    • Largest Hindu population in India.
    • Karma is the fundamental principle: All actions have consequences.
    • Brahman is the ultimate reality, the source of existence, and beyond comprehension.
    • Atman is the individual soul, connected to Brahman and continuously reincarnated.
    • Self-realization involves understanding Atman's connection to Brahman through spiritual practices and ethical living.
    • The journey towards self-realization leads to liberation (Moksha).

    Buddhism

    • Founded by Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha) over 2,500 years ago in India.
    • Anatta (non-self) emphasizes the impermanence of the self.
    • Impermanence (Anicca) teaches everything is transient.
    • Mindfulness practices cultivate awareness of thoughts, feelings, and the body, leading to a truer understanding of the self.

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    Description

    Explore the contrasting perspectives between Eastern and Western philosophies regarding the self. This quiz delves into the principles of Hinduism and Buddhism, highlighting concepts such as interconnectedness, individualism, karma, and self-realization. Test your understanding of these profound ideas and their implications on personal identity.

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