Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a core belief in Buddhism regarding life and nature?
What is a core belief in Buddhism regarding life and nature?
- People should live in harmony with nature. (correct)
- Karma has no impact on our current lives.
- Life should be chaotic and disconnected from nature.
- Time is linear and does not influence life.
What does Confucianism emphasize for achieving happiness?
What does Confucianism emphasize for achieving happiness?
- Accumulation of personal wealth
- Contemplation of nature (correct)
- The power of government
- Following strict societal rules
Which concept is not aligned with Taoist beliefs?
Which concept is not aligned with Taoist beliefs?
- Belief in the balance of nature
- Dualism of yin and yang
- Rejection of reincarnation (correct)
- Acceptance of karma
What does the concept of karma imply in these belief systems?
What does the concept of karma imply in these belief systems?
What is a significant difference between Confucianism and other belief systems mentioned?
What is a significant difference between Confucianism and other belief systems mentioned?
What role does meditation play in the discussed faiths?
What role does meditation play in the discussed faiths?
Which of the following is a teaching associated with Confucius?
Which of the following is a teaching associated with Confucius?
In the context of these beliefs, what does yin and yang represent?
In the context of these beliefs, what does yin and yang represent?
What is the primary concern of major Eastern beliefs such as Hinduism and Buddhism?
What is the primary concern of major Eastern beliefs such as Hinduism and Buddhism?
In the context of Eastern philosophies, what is the role of education?
In the context of Eastern philosophies, what is the role of education?
What is the primary concept that Charles Cooley is known for within the interactionist perspective?
What is the primary concept that Charles Cooley is known for within the interactionist perspective?
According to Eastern thoughts, how is existence viewed?
According to Eastern thoughts, how is existence viewed?
What is a fundamental belief of Taoism regarding nature?
What is a fundamental belief of Taoism regarding nature?
According to the explanation of self, which of the following processes occurs first in developing a sense of self?
According to the explanation of self, which of the following processes occurs first in developing a sense of self?
What is the belief in polytheism primarily characterized by?
What is the belief in polytheism primarily characterized by?
What does George Herbert Mead's concept of self refer to?
What does George Herbert Mead's concept of self refer to?
The looking glass self involves a process that contributes to our self-esteem. Which step reflects how we interpret others' reactions?
The looking glass self involves a process that contributes to our self-esteem. Which step reflects how we interpret others' reactions?
In Eastern thought, how should individuals view their position in society?
In Eastern thought, how should individuals view their position in society?
Which concept describes the tendency to process and remember self-related information more efficiently?
Which concept describes the tendency to process and remember self-related information more efficiently?
What is a common belief about human nature in Eastern philosophies?
What is a common belief about human nature in Eastern philosophies?
What does the term 'possible selves' refer to in the study of self-concept?
What does the term 'possible selves' refer to in the study of self-concept?
What aspect of life do Eastern belief systems emphasize for personal fulfillment?
What aspect of life do Eastern belief systems emphasize for personal fulfillment?
Which aspect is NOT considered part of the 'self' according to Myers?
Which aspect is NOT considered part of the 'self' according to Myers?
In Cooley's theory, primary groups play a crucial role in the development of self. Which group primarily influences this development?
In Cooley's theory, primary groups play a crucial role in the development of self. Which group primarily influences this development?
What does cognitive dissonance refer to?
What does cognitive dissonance refer to?
What is the 'generalized other'?
What is the 'generalized other'?
Which theory states that intention is key to predicting behavior?
Which theory states that intention is key to predicting behavior?
What is a factor that determines Attitude Importance?
What is a factor that determines Attitude Importance?
How does language contribute to the development of self?
How does language contribute to the development of self?
According to Fazio's Theory, how do attitudes affect behavior?
According to Fazio's Theory, how do attitudes affect behavior?
In what way does play influence self-development?
In what way does play influence self-development?
What feeling does cognitive dissonance create in individuals?
What feeling does cognitive dissonance create in individuals?
What role do games play in self-development?
What role do games play in self-development?
What is a self-schema?
What is a self-schema?
Which aspect of attitude relates to personal goals or interests?
Which aspect of attitude relates to personal goals or interests?
What does social identification imply about attitudes?
What does social identification imply about attitudes?
Which premise is NOT part of symbolic interactionism?
Which premise is NOT part of symbolic interactionism?
What is the main focus of symbolic interactionism?
What is the main focus of symbolic interactionism?
What motivates individuals to change their beliefs or actions according to cognitive dissonance theory?
What motivates individuals to change their beliefs or actions according to cognitive dissonance theory?
How does social information affect self-knowledge?
How does social information affect self-knowledge?
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Study Notes
Major Beliefs in Eastern Thought
- All existence is viewed as a function of the same essence, prominent in Hinduism and Buddhism.
- Individuals possess specific duties based on their societal roles, emphasizing personal responsibility.
- Belief in inherent goodness of people, with education viewed as a pathway for social advancement.
- The primary focus is to lead a good and fulfilling life in the present rather than seeking rewards in an afterlife.
Polytheism and Nature
- Polytheism involves belief in multiple deities, with an emphasis on living a good life now.
- All elements of creation, from plants to animals, are believed to possess a spirit, promoting the idea of interconnectedness.
- Central beliefs include reincarnation and karma, highlighting that actions impact one's future existence.
Taoism
- Founded by Lao-zu, emphasizes harmony with nature and the internal "God within."
- Encourages living a simple, balanced life and meditating to develop a connection with nature.
- The belief in yin and yang reflects the balance of opposing forces in life.
- Change is viewed as an intrinsic part of existence.
Confucianism
- Established by Confucius (551-479 BCE), focuses on moral values and social harmony.
- Emphasizes nature and personal balance rather than strict adherence to societal laws and governance.
- Advocates for fulfilling roles within the society to ensure social order.
Buddhism
- Centrally revolves around the idea that individuals experience multiple selves competing for limited resources.
- Teaches that personal experiences shape identity and growth.
Self-Concept Theories
- Charles Cooley's "Looking Glass Self" suggests self-identity develops through social interactions and perceptions of how others view us.
- The self must be understood in social contexts, shaped through lifelong experiences.
- George Herbert Mead expanded on this, indicating self-awareness develops through language, play, and games.
Self Development
- Language enables individuals to communicate and reflect on their identity.
- Play allows for exploration of different roles and enhances self-awareness.
- Games introduce rules and social norms that guide behavior and self-perception.
Attitude and Behavior
- Cognitive dissonance arises when beliefs and actions conflict, prompting individuals to realign their attitudes or behaviors for comfort.
- The Theory of Reasoned Action posits that understanding intentions can predict behaviors.
- Fazio’s Theory emphasizes that attitudes recalled from memory significantly affect social perceptions and consequent behaviors.
Key Components of Attitude
- Self-interest, social identification, and value relevance determine the impact of attitudes on individuals and their actions.
- Understanding these factors is crucial in predicting behaviors and evaluating social interactions.
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