Eastern Thought and Beliefs Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is a core belief in Buddhism regarding life and nature?

People should live in harmony with nature. (correct)

Karma has no impact on our current lives.

Life should be chaotic and disconnected from nature.

Time is linear and does not influence life.

What does Confucianism emphasize for achieving happiness?

Accumulation of personal wealth

Contemplation of nature (correct)

The power of government

Following strict societal rules

Which concept is not aligned with Taoist beliefs?

Belief in the balance of nature

Dualism of yin and yang

Rejection of reincarnation (correct)

Acceptance of karma

What does the concept of karma imply in these belief systems?

Actions can improve or worsen current circumstances. Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant difference between Confucianism and other belief systems mentioned?

It prioritizes societal rules over individual happiness. Signup and view all the answers

What role does meditation play in the discussed faiths?

It is central to spiritual practice. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a teaching associated with Confucius?

Happiness comes from internal reflection and nature. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of these beliefs, what does yin and yang represent?

The balance of opposing forces in nature. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of major Eastern beliefs such as Hinduism and Buddhism?

To live a good and happier life Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Eastern philosophies, what is the role of education?

To ensure social order and advancement Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concept that Charles Cooley is known for within the interactionist perspective?

Looking Glass Self Signup and view all the answers

According to Eastern thoughts, how is existence viewed?

As a function of individual actions Signup and view all the answers

What is a fundamental belief of Taoism regarding nature?

All elements of creation are animated and connected Signup and view all the answers

According to the explanation of self, which of the following processes occurs first in developing a sense of self?

We imagine how we appear to others. Signup and view all the answers

What is the belief in polytheism primarily characterized by?

Belief in multiple gods Signup and view all the answers

What does George Herbert Mead's concept of self refer to?

The social self developed through interaction. Signup and view all the answers

The looking glass self involves a process that contributes to our self-esteem. Which step reflects how we interpret others' reactions?

We judge ourselves based on others' feedback. Signup and view all the answers

In Eastern thought, how should individuals view their position in society?

As a duty that must be accepted for social order Signup and view all the answers

Which concept describes the tendency to process and remember self-related information more efficiently?

Self-Reference Effect Signup and view all the answers

What is a common belief about human nature in Eastern philosophies?

Humans are naturally good Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'possible selves' refer to in the study of self-concept?

Alternate versions of oneself that one aspires to or fears becoming. Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of life do Eastern belief systems emphasize for personal fulfillment?

Living ethically in the present moment Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT considered part of the 'self' according to Myers?

Inherent nature Signup and view all the answers

In Cooley's theory, primary groups play a crucial role in the development of self. Which group primarily influences this development?

Close friends and family Signup and view all the answers

What does cognitive dissonance refer to?

The conflict between beliefs and actions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'generalized other'?

The ability to apply learned norms and behaviors to new situations Signup and view all the answers

Which theory states that intention is key to predicting behavior?

Theory of Reasoned Action Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that determines Attitude Importance?

Self-interest Signup and view all the answers

How does language contribute to the development of self?

It enables individuals to communicate through symbols and gestures Signup and view all the answers

According to Fazio's Theory, how do attitudes affect behavior?

By relying on the memory of relevant experiences. Signup and view all the answers

In what way does play influence self-development?

By enabling role-playing and the expression of expectations Signup and view all the answers

What feeling does cognitive dissonance create in individuals?

Uncomfortable tension Signup and view all the answers

What role do games play in self-development?

They foster understanding of rules for success in activities Signup and view all the answers

What is a self-schema?

A belief about the self that organizes self-relevant information Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of attitude relates to personal goals or interests?

Self-interest Signup and view all the answers

What does social identification imply about attitudes?

They are influenced by the groups with which a person identifies. Signup and view all the answers

Which premise is NOT part of symbolic interactionism?

Personality traits are fixed and unchanging Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of symbolic interactionism?

The influence of social interactions on self-perception Signup and view all the answers

What motivates individuals to change their beliefs or actions according to cognitive dissonance theory?

The need for consistency between beliefs and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

How does social information affect self-knowledge?

It influences how one perceives and evaluates themselves and others Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Major Beliefs in Eastern Thought

All existence is viewed as a function of the same essence, prominent in Hinduism and Buddhism.
Individuals possess specific duties based on their societal roles, emphasizing personal responsibility.
Belief in inherent goodness of people, with education viewed as a pathway for social advancement.
The primary focus is to lead a good and fulfilling life in the present rather than seeking rewards in an afterlife.

Polytheism and Nature

Polytheism involves belief in multiple deities, with an emphasis on living a good life now.
All elements of creation, from plants to animals, are believed to possess a spirit, promoting the idea of interconnectedness.
Central beliefs include reincarnation and karma, highlighting that actions impact one's future existence.

Taoism

Founded by Lao-zu, emphasizes harmony with nature and the internal "God within."
Encourages living a simple, balanced life and meditating to develop a connection with nature.
The belief in yin and yang reflects the balance of opposing forces in life.
Change is viewed as an intrinsic part of existence.

Confucianism

Established by Confucius (551-479 BCE), focuses on moral values and social harmony.
Emphasizes nature and personal balance rather than strict adherence to societal laws and governance.
Advocates for fulfilling roles within the society to ensure social order.

Buddhism

Centrally revolves around the idea that individuals experience multiple selves competing for limited resources.
Teaches that personal experiences shape identity and growth.

Self-Concept Theories

Charles Cooley's "Looking Glass Self" suggests self-identity develops through social interactions and perceptions of how others view us.
The self must be understood in social contexts, shaped through lifelong experiences.
George Herbert Mead expanded on this, indicating self-awareness develops through language, play, and games.

Self Development

Language enables individuals to communicate and reflect on their identity.
Play allows for exploration of different roles and enhances self-awareness.
Games introduce rules and social norms that guide behavior and self-perception.

Attitude and Behavior

Cognitive dissonance arises when beliefs and actions conflict, prompting individuals to realign their attitudes or behaviors for comfort.
The Theory of Reasoned Action posits that understanding intentions can predict behaviors.
Fazio’s Theory emphasizes that attitudes recalled from memory significantly affect social perceptions and consequent behaviors.

Key Components of Attitude

Self-interest, social identification, and value relevance determine the impact of attitudes on individuals and their actions.
Understanding these factors is crucial in predicting behaviors and evaluating social interactions.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the major beliefs of Eastern philosophies, including Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism. This quiz will cover concepts of polytheism, karma, and the importance of personal responsibility and interconnectedness in nature. Engage with the ideas that shape these rich traditions and how they view life and existence.