Podcast
Questions and Answers
Where does the River Nile originate?
Where does the River Nile originate?
- Lake Michigan
- Lake Baikal
- Lake Tanganyika
- Lake Victoria (correct)
Which of the following rivers is the longest?
Which of the following rivers is the longest?
- Mississippi River
- Amazon River (correct)
- River Nile
- Yangtse River
What is a defining feature of a lake?
What is a defining feature of a lake?
- A flowing body of water
- A hollow containing moving water
- A high elevation body of water
- A hollow or depression containing water (correct)
How is a rift valley different from other valleys?
How is a rift valley different from other valleys?
Which river is located in Asia?
Which river is located in Asia?
Which geographical feature separates the continents of Europe and Asia?
Which geographical feature separates the continents of Europe and Asia?
How many continents are completely separated by oceans or seas?
How many continents are completely separated by oceans or seas?
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the major water bodies on Earth?
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the major water bodies on Earth?
Besides continents, what also comprises the landmasses of the earth's surface?
Besides continents, what also comprises the landmasses of the earth's surface?
What main feature of the Earth's surface is the focus of the provided text?
What main feature of the Earth's surface is the focus of the provided text?
Which of the following is considered a large inland body of water?
Which of the following is considered a large inland body of water?
What is stated as the broad purpose of the included learning material?
What is stated as the broad purpose of the included learning material?
What is the approximate percentage of Earth's surface covered by water bodies?
What is the approximate percentage of Earth's surface covered by water bodies?
Which of these is considered part of the Earth's surface?
Which of these is considered part of the Earth's surface?
What was the name of the single giant landmass that existed in the beginning?
What was the name of the single giant landmass that existed in the beginning?
Which of the following is NOT a group of islands mentioned as part of the African continent?
Which of the following is NOT a group of islands mentioned as part of the African continent?
Which ocean borders Africa to the west?
Which ocean borders Africa to the west?
What is the approximate area of Europe in million square kilometers?
What is the approximate area of Europe in million square kilometers?
Approximately, what fraction of Africa lies within the tropics?
Approximately, what fraction of Africa lies within the tropics?
What is the approximate percentage of the Earth's surface covered by continental landmasses?
What is the approximate percentage of the Earth's surface covered by continental landmasses?
Which of these is the smallest continent?
Which of these is the smallest continent?
Which continent is described as being two-fifths the size of Africa?
Which continent is described as being two-fifths the size of Africa?
Which ocean is mentioned in the text in relation to the islands of Unguja and Pemba?
Which ocean is mentioned in the text in relation to the islands of Unguja and Pemba?
Which of the following correctly describes the latitudinal position of Antarctica?
Which of the following correctly describes the latitudinal position of Antarctica?
Which of the following is true about a continent located entirely in the Southern Hemisphere?
Which of the following is true about a continent located entirely in the Southern Hemisphere?
Which of the following best describes the meaning of a 'gulf'?
Which of the following best describes the meaning of a 'gulf'?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature formed by the interaction between landmasses and water bodies?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature formed by the interaction between landmasses and water bodies?
Which of the following is stated to be the fifth-largest continent?
Which of the following is stated to be the fifth-largest continent?
Which of these continents is described as being crossed by all three major tropics?
Which of these continents is described as being crossed by all three major tropics?
Which sea borders Africa to the north?
Which sea borders Africa to the north?
What is the approximate land area of Antarctica?
What is the approximate land area of Antarctica?
Which of the following is an example of an extinct volcanic mountain?
Which of the following is an example of an extinct volcanic mountain?
What process leads to the formation of residual mountains?
What process leads to the formation of residual mountains?
Which of the following mountains is classified as a residual mountain?
Which of the following mountains is classified as a residual mountain?
What characterizes a rift valley?
What characterizes a rift valley?
What type of forces are responsible for the formation of rift valleys?
What type of forces are responsible for the formation of rift valleys?
Which mountain is NOT mentioned as a volcanic mountain?
Which mountain is NOT mentioned as a volcanic mountain?
Which of the following describes the remaining rocks in residual mountains?
Which of the following describes the remaining rocks in residual mountains?
Which feature is characteristic of extinct volcanic mountains?
Which feature is characteristic of extinct volcanic mountains?
Which mountain is located in Tanzania?
Which mountain is located in Tanzania?
Which of the following features is NOT associated with residual mountains?
Which of the following features is NOT associated with residual mountains?
What is a primary characteristic of a basin?
What is a primary characteristic of a basin?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between rivers and basins?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between rivers and basins?
What differentiates natural lakes from man-made lakes?
What differentiates natural lakes from man-made lakes?
Which of the following is considered a source for a river?
Which of the following is considered a source for a river?
What can cause some lakes to be temporary rather than permanent?
What can cause some lakes to be temporary rather than permanent?
Which continent extends farthest south?
Which continent extends farthest south?
If you were to travel directly west from Europe, which continent would you reach first?
If you were to travel directly west from Europe, which continent would you reach first?
What is the primary geographical feature by which Europe is distinguished from Asia?
What is the primary geographical feature by which Europe is distinguished from Asia?
Which continent has a significant portion extending north of the Arctic Circle?
Which continent has a significant portion extending north of the Arctic Circle?
Which of these continents has its boundaries detailed purely by landmasses, without reference to major oceans?
Which of these continents has its boundaries detailed purely by landmasses, without reference to major oceans?
Which of these continents most closely shares a similar latitudinal span with the others?
Which of these continents most closely shares a similar latitudinal span with the others?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the longitudinal position of both Asia and North America?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the longitudinal position of both Asia and North America?
If the order of continents from largest to smallest is Asia, North America, and then Europe, based solely on this text, what is most logically the rank of Africa?
If the order of continents from largest to smallest is Asia, North America, and then Europe, based solely on this text, what is most logically the rank of Africa?
Which of the following continents is described as being located the farthest from the 180° E/W meridian?
Which of the following continents is described as being located the farthest from the 180° E/W meridian?
If the world's continents were arranged strictly by surface area, which statement would be true?
If the world's continents were arranged strictly by surface area, which statement would be true?
Considering the distribution of land and water on Earth's surface, which of the following is the most accurate ratio?
Considering the distribution of land and water on Earth's surface, which of the following is the most accurate ratio?
Based on the provided information, what is the primary characteristic of the Earth's surface?
Based on the provided information, what is the primary characteristic of the Earth's surface?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between Pangaea and the present-day continents?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between Pangaea and the present-day continents?
How does the text primarily categorize the islands of Unguja, Pemba, Mafia, and Mauritius?
How does the text primarily categorize the islands of Unguja, Pemba, Mafia, and Mauritius?
If the continents were arranged from the smallest to the largest in area, how would Europe's position be described according to the provided material?
If the continents were arranged from the smallest to the largest in area, how would Europe's position be described according to the provided material?
What is an accurate interpretation of the relationship between Africa’s size and Europe?
What is an accurate interpretation of the relationship between Africa’s size and Europe?
Which of the following describes the primary characteristic that distinguishes Lake Victoria from the other Tanzanian lakes listed?
Which of the following describes the primary characteristic that distinguishes Lake Victoria from the other Tanzanian lakes listed?
According to the information, what is a key distinction between the distribution of water bodies between the northern and southern hemispheres?
According to the information, what is a key distinction between the distribution of water bodies between the northern and southern hemispheres?
Which of the following is NOT described as a type of major water body?
Which of the following is NOT described as a type of major water body?
Based on the information provided, the Great East African Rift Valley is directly associated with the formation of which type of lake?
Based on the information provided, the Great East African Rift Valley is directly associated with the formation of which type of lake?
What percentage of the Earth's surface does the text indicate is covered by water?
What percentage of the Earth's surface does the text indicate is covered by water?
According to the provided text, which characteristic defines both the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea?
According to the provided text, which characteristic defines both the Caspian Sea and the Dead Sea?
Which of the following factors is LEAST directly addressed in the text regarding the characteristics of water bodies?
Which of the following factors is LEAST directly addressed in the text regarding the characteristics of water bodies?
Besides Tanzania, The Great East African Rift Valley is notable for creating:
Besides Tanzania, The Great East African Rift Valley is notable for creating:
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the description of water bodies, as described in the text?
Which of the following statements accurately reflects the description of water bodies, as described in the text?
If a student were studying a map, and wanted to find a lake known to be located in a rift valley, which of the provided list of lakes would be the best example?
If a student were studying a map, and wanted to find a lake known to be located in a rift valley, which of the provided list of lakes would be the best example?
Which of these geographical features is described as a narrow land stretch connecting two larger landmasses?
Which of these geographical features is described as a narrow land stretch connecting two larger landmasses?
Which of the following accurately describes a 'cape'?
Which of the following accurately describes a 'cape'?
What is a key difference between a cape and a peninsula, based on the provided text?
What is a key difference between a cape and a peninsula, based on the provided text?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a strait and two landmasses?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between a strait and two landmasses?
Based on the text, what is the primary factor that distinguishes different relief features on the continents?
Based on the text, what is the primary factor that distinguishes different relief features on the continents?
Which statement is true about the geographical features of continents, based on the content provided?
Which statement is true about the geographical features of continents, based on the content provided?
Which of the following statements about Antarctica is accurate according to its description?
Which of the following statements about Antarctica is accurate according to its description?
Which of these is NOT considered a major relief feature of a continent?
Which of these is NOT considered a major relief feature of a continent?
Which of these is a correct pairing of a geographical feature and a location?
Which of these is a correct pairing of a geographical feature and a location?
What causes the extreme low temperatures in Antarctica, as noted in the text?
What causes the extreme low temperatures in Antarctica, as noted in the text?
What is the key characteristic that defines a river's mouth, where it discharges its water?
What is the key characteristic that defines a river's mouth, where it discharges its water?
Based on the text, which of these is the most accurate understanding of the relationship between rivers and basins?
Based on the text, which of these is the most accurate understanding of the relationship between rivers and basins?
Given the context of the passage, which of the following statements most accurately captures the economic importance of rivers?
Given the context of the passage, which of the following statements most accurately captures the economic importance of rivers?
Which of the following options correctly explains the concept of a river mouth as described in the text?
Which of the following options correctly explains the concept of a river mouth as described in the text?
Based on the provided information, what is the fundamental purpose of the text in relation to rivers?
Based on the provided information, what is the fundamental purpose of the text in relation to rivers?
What were the two major landmasses formed after the breakup of Pangaea?
What were the two major landmasses formed after the breakup of Pangaea?
Which body of water separated the landmasses of Laurasia and Gondwana?
Which body of water separated the landmasses of Laurasia and Gondwana?
Which continents are included in the landmass of Laurasia?
Which continents are included in the landmass of Laurasia?
How many continents are recognized on Earth?
How many continents are recognized on Earth?
Which statement about islands adjacent to continents is accurate?
Which statement about islands adjacent to continents is accurate?
What is the name of the superocean that surrounded Pangaea?
What is the name of the superocean that surrounded Pangaea?
Which of the following is NOT one of the recognized continents on Earth?
Which of the following is NOT one of the recognized continents on Earth?
Which of the following continents is noted for being largely covered by a massive ice sheet?
Which of the following continents is noted for being largely covered by a massive ice sheet?
Which continent is described as having a significant portion extending north of the Arctic Circle?
Which continent is described as having a significant portion extending north of the Arctic Circle?
Which arrangement can be used to classify continents based on their size?
Which arrangement can be used to classify continents based on their size?
What was the name of the single giant landmass in the beginning of Earth's formation?
What was the name of the single giant landmass in the beginning of Earth's formation?
Which of the following islands is NOT part of the African continent?
Which of the following islands is NOT part of the African continent?
How much of the Earth's surface is covered by continental landmasses?
How much of the Earth's surface is covered by continental landmasses?
Which statement best describes the climate diversity among the continents?
Which statement best describes the climate diversity among the continents?
What fraction of the Earth's surface do water bodies cover?
What fraction of the Earth's surface do water bodies cover?
Which continent has the largest total area?
Which continent has the largest total area?
What is the southernmost latitude that Asia reaches?
What is the southernmost latitude that Asia reaches?
Which mountain range separates Europe from Asia?
Which mountain range separates Europe from Asia?
What is the total area of North America?
What is the total area of North America?
Which direction is Europe located in relation to Asia?
Which direction is Europe located in relation to Asia?
Which ocean lies to the north of North America?
Which ocean lies to the north of North America?
What is the estimated area of Europe in million square kilometers?
What is the estimated area of Europe in million square kilometers?
Which continent is described as the smallest?
Which continent is described as the smallest?
Which body of water borders North America to the south?
Which body of water borders North America to the south?
What is the northernmost latitude range that Asia encompasses?
What is the northernmost latitude range that Asia encompasses?
Which statement accurately describes Africa's geographical location?
Which statement accurately describes Africa's geographical location?
Which of the following is true about Antarctica?
Which of the following is true about Antarctica?
What best describes the role of water bodies in relation to continental landmasses?
What best describes the role of water bodies in relation to continental landmasses?
Which geographical feature can be classified as a part of a body of water penetrating land?
Which geographical feature can be classified as a part of a body of water penetrating land?
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the tropics?
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the tropics?
Which of the following best describes the geographical boundaries of Africa?
Which of the following best describes the geographical boundaries of Africa?
Which feature is NOT formed by the interaction between landmasses and water bodies?
Which feature is NOT formed by the interaction between landmasses and water bodies?
What is a significant characteristic of Antarctica's geographical location?
What is a significant characteristic of Antarctica's geographical location?
Which area is mentioned as part of the world's important gulfs?
Which area is mentioned as part of the world's important gulfs?
Which of these statements regarding the area of Africa is accurate?
Which of these statements regarding the area of Africa is accurate?
Flashcards
Earth's Surface
Earth's Surface
The outermost layer of the Earth, including landmasses and water bodies.
Continents
Continents
Large landmasses on Earth, such as Africa, Asia, and North America.
Oceans
Oceans
Vast bodies of saltwater that cover most of the Earth's surface.
Seas
Seas
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Rivers
Rivers
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Lakes
Lakes
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Vegetation
Vegetation
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Extinct Volcano
Extinct Volcano
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Residual Mountains
Residual Mountains
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Rift Valley
Rift Valley
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What is Earth's surface?
What is Earth's surface?
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What are continents?
What are continents?
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What are oceans?
What are oceans?
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What are seas?
What are seas?
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What are rivers?
What are rivers?
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What are lakes?
What are lakes?
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What was Pangaea?
What was Pangaea?
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What is continental drift?
What is continental drift?
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How are continents arranged by size?
How are continents arranged by size?
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What is a gulf?
What is a gulf?
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Which continent is the largest?
Which continent is the largest?
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Which continent is the smallest?
Which continent is the smallest?
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What is continental interaction?
What is continental interaction?
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What is an isthmus?
What is an isthmus?
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What is a strait?
What is a strait?
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What is a gulf?
What is a gulf?
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What is a cape?
What is a cape?
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What is a peninsula?
What is a peninsula?
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What are some examples of geographical features formed by the interaction between continents and water bodies?
What are some examples of geographical features formed by the interaction between continents and water bodies?
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What is a rift valley?
What is a rift valley?
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How are mountains formed?
How are mountains formed?
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What human activities affect mountains?
What human activities affect mountains?
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What is a water body?
What is a water body?
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What is altitude?
What is altitude?
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What is slope?
What is slope?
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What are plains?
What are plains?
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What are plateaus?
What are plateaus?
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What are mountains?
What are mountains?
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What are basins?
What are basins?
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What are examples of lakes in Tanzania?
What are examples of lakes in Tanzania?
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What are water bodies?
What are water bodies?
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How is Lake Victoria different from other lakes in Tanzania?
How is Lake Victoria different from other lakes in Tanzania?
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What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
What percentage of the Earth's surface is covered by water?
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What are some examples of seas?
What are some examples of seas?
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What are the major water bodies on Earth?
What are the major water bodies on Earth?
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What is a basin?
What is a basin?
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What is a river?
What is a river?
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What is a river basin?
What is a river basin?
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What are man-made lakes?
What are man-made lakes?
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What are freshwater lakes?
What are freshwater lakes?
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Describe North America geographically.
Describe North America geographically.
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Where is Europe located?
Where is Europe located?
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What is the world's largest hot desert?
What is the world's largest hot desert?
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What geographical feature separates Europe from Asia?
What geographical feature separates Europe from Asia?
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Where is South America located?
Where is South America located?
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What is the second largest continent?
What is the second largest continent?
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Describe the geographical location of Asia.
Describe the geographical location of Asia.
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What was Laurasia?
What was Laurasia?
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What was Gondwana?
What was Gondwana?
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What was the Tethys Sea?
What was the Tethys Sea?
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What is a continent?
What is a continent?
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Name the seven continents.
Name the seven continents.
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What is a river's mouth?
What is a river's mouth?
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What happens at a river's mouth?
What happens at a river's mouth?
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What is the economic importance of Mountains?
What is the economic importance of Mountains?
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What is the economic importance of Plains?
What is the economic importance of Plains?
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What is the economic importance of Plateaus?
What is the economic importance of Plateaus?
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What is the largest continent?
What is the largest continent?
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What is Antarctica?
What is Antarctica?
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Study Notes
Major Features of the Earth's Surface
- Earth's surface is the outermost layer, comprising landmasses (continents and islands) and water bodies (oceans, seas, lakes, rivers).
- Landmasses cover approximately 29% of the surface, while water bodies cover about 71%.
- Continents are major landmasses rising from the ocean floor, typically surrounded by oceans and seas.
- Seven continents exist: Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia.
Continents
- Continents are arranged by size, with Asia being the largest.
- Asia covers over one-third of the Earth's land surface.
- Africa is the second largest continent.
- North America is the third largest and is bordered by the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans.
- South America is bordered by the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
- Antarctica is the fifth largest, mostly within 66° S latitude. It is not inhabited by humans due to extremely low, freezing temperatures.
- Europe is the sixth largest, situated to the west of Asia, bordered by the Arctic, Atlantic, and Mediterranean Oceans. The Ural Mountains separate Europe from Asia.
- Australia is the smallest, also known as the "island continent," bordered by the Indian and Pacific Oceans.
- Pangaea, a single supercontinent, previously existed, breaking up into Laurasia and Gondwana, which later separated into the present continents.
Major Relief Features
- Continents have diverse relief features, including plains, plateaus, mountains and basins.
- Plains are flat areas of land. Examples include the Serengeti Plains, Siberia, North European Plains, Indo-Gangetic Plains, and the Great Central Plains of North America;
- Plateaus are raised, flat areas of land. Examples include the African, Arabian, Bolivian, and Tibetan plateaus;
- Mountains are landforms that rise high above surrounding areas. Fold mountains, formed by earth's compression, include the Himalayas, the Rockies, the Andes. Block mountains are formed by tensional or compressional forces in the crust; volcanic mountains form due to magma erupting onto the surface (e.g., Kilimanjaro, Vesuvius, Oldonyo Lengai, Nyiragongo). Residual mountains are formed by weathering/erosion (e.g., Sekenke Hills, Ahaggar Mountains, Adamawa Mountains).
Water Bodies
- Water bodies include oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers.
- Oceans are large bodies of salt water covering most of the Earth's surface. Examples: Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern, and Arctic.
- An ocean is larger than a sea, which is also a large body of saltwater surrounded by land. Examples: Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, South China Sea, Sea of Japan, Yellow Sea.
- Rivers are freshwater flowing from source to mouth. Examples: Nile, Congo, Amazon, Rufiji, Ruvuma, Kagera, Pangani, Malagarasi, Ruaha, Wami, Ruvu.
- Lakes are bodies of water surrounded by land, including both freshwater and saltwater lakes. Examples: Lake Victoria, Tanganyika, Nyasa, Rukwa, Manyara, Eyasi. Some large lakes are termed seas (e.g., Caspian Sea).
- The major rivers of Tanzania include the Rufiji, Ruvuma, Kagera, Pangani, Malagarasi, Ruaha, Wami, and Ruvu. The Nile River, Congo River, Yangtze River, and Mississippi River are globally significant.
Other Features
- Gulfs are parts of oceans that extend into land. Examples: Persian Gulf, Gulf of Mexico, Gulf of Bengal, Gulf of Guinea.
- Capes are pointed pieces of land extending into water. Examples: Cape of Good Hope, Cape Horn, Cape Leeuwin.
- Peninsulas are landmasses almost entirely surrounded by water. Examples: Msasani peninsula, Arabian, Alaskan, Indo-China.
- Isthmuses are narrow strips of land connecting two larger landmasses. Examples: Isthmus of Panama, Suez.
- Straits are narrow bodies of water separating landmasses. Examples: Strait of Gibraltar, Luzon Strait, Makassar Strait.
- Islands are pieces of land completely surrounded by water. Examples: Zanzibar, Comoros, Madagascar, Seychelles, Comoro, (and other islands mentioned).
- Basins are natural depressions on the earth's surface.
- Ocean floor features include continental shelves, slopes, continental rises, ridges, plains, and trenches (deep sea plains, oceanic trenches).
- Islands can be continental, oceanic, or coral. Examples of archipelagos include Zanzibar and the Comoros.
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