Earth's Internal Layers
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Questions and Answers

¿Cuál es la capa más interna de la Tierra?

  • La corteza
  • La litosfera
  • El núcleo interno (correct)
  • El manto superior
  • ¿Cuál es la composición principal del manto?

  • Hierro y níquel
  • Olivino, piroxeno y granate (correct)
  • Peridotita y eclogita
  • Rocas y minerales
  • ¿Cuál es la función del núcleo externo?

  • Generar el campo magnético de la Tierra (correct)
  • Regular la rotación de la Tierra
  • Mantener la temperatura de la Tierra
  • Sostener la corteza oceánica
  • ¿Cuál es la diferencia principal entre la corteza continental y la corteza oceánica?

    <p>La composición</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ¿Cuál es la capa que se divide en tres secciones: superior, media e inferior?

    <p>El manto</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internal layers of the Earth with their corresponding temperature ranges:

    <p>Crust = 500-900°C Mantle = 2,000-3,000°C Outer Core = 4,000-6,000°C Inner Core = 5,000-6,000°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internal layers of the Earth with their composition:

    <p>Crust = Rocks and minerals, including granite, basalt, and sedimentary rocks Mantle = Hot, viscous rock Outer Core = Iron (~85%) and nickel (~10%) Inner Core = Iron-nickel alloy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internal layers of the Earth with their characteristics:

    <p>Crust = Solid, ranging in thickness from 5-70 km Mantle = Hot, viscous, and solid but able to flow slowly over time Outer Core = Liquid and responsible for generating the Earth's magnetic field Inner Core = Solid and with a pressure of over 3.5 million times that of the atmospheric pressure at sea level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internal layers of the Earth with their depth ranges:

    <p>Crust = 5-70 km Mantle = 35 km to 2,900 km Outer Core = 2,250 km Inner Core = 1,220 km in diameter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following internal layers of the Earth with their divisions:

    <p>Crust = Continental and oceanic crust Mantle = Upper and lower mantle Outer Core = No divisions Inner Core = No divisions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Earth's Internal Layers

    Crust

    • Outermost solid layer of the Earth
    • Thickness: 5-70 km
    • Composition: rocks and minerals
    • Density: 2.5-3.0 g/cm³
    • Divided into two types: continental and oceanic crust

    Mantle

    • Thick layer of hot, viscous rock beneath the crust
    • Thickness: 2,900 km
    • Composition: olivine, pyroxene, and garnet
    • Density: 3.3-4.3 g/cm³
    • Divided into upper and lower mantle

    Upper Mantle

    • Thickness: 400 km
    • Temperature: 500-900°C
    • Composition: peridotite and eclogite
    • Lithosphere: outermost solid portion of the mantle

    Lower Mantle

    • Thickness: 2,500 km
    • Temperature: 2,000-3,000°C
    • Composition: bridgmanite and ferropericlase
    • Divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower

    Outer Core

    • Liquid layer of iron and nickel
    • Thickness: 2,250 km
    • Temperature: 4,000-6,000°C
    • Composition: iron (~85%), nickel (~10%), and lighter elements
    • Responsible for generating Earth's magnetic field

    Inner Core

    • Solid, iron-nickel alloy at the center of the Earth
    • Thickness: 1,220 km
    • Temperature: 5,000-6,000°C
    • Composition: iron (~98%) and nickel (~2%)
    • Solid due to extremely high pressure

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    Description

    Discover the composition, density and temperature of the Earth's internal layers, from the crust to the inner core. Learn about the different layers and their characteristics.

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