Earth's Climate System Quiz

Ocean Currents and Climate

• The primary component of the Gulf Stream is warm water from the equator.
• Ocean currents are generated due to the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun, which causes water to expand and become less dense near the equator, while cooling and sinking at the poles.
• This process, along with wind patterns, contributes to the rotation of ocean currents.

Cryosphere and Climate

• The primary function of the cryosphere (ice and snow) in the climate system is to reflect sunlight, which helps regulate Earth's temperature.
• The cryosphere plays a crucial role in the Earth's energy balance and is sensitive to changes in temperature.

Ocean Current Generation

• Density differences in water masses contribute to the generation of ocean currents, which are influenced by factors such as temperature, salinity, and freshwater input/output.

Greenhouse Gases and Climate

• The primary function of greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere is to trap heat from the sun, maintaining a habitable temperature on Earth.
• Greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide and methane, play a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate.