Podcast
Questions and Answers
Who discovered the Lehmann discontinuity in 1936?
Who discovered the Lehmann discontinuity in 1936?
What does the Lehmann discontinuity separate?
What does the Lehmann discontinuity separate?
What is the total amount of water found on Earth known as?
What is the total amount of water found on Earth known as?
What drives the water cycle on Earth?
What drives the water cycle on Earth?
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Where do seismic waves travel through to reach the Earth's core?
Where do seismic waves travel through to reach the Earth's core?
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Which form of precipitation can lead to the formation of glaciers?
Which form of precipitation can lead to the formation of glaciers?
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What is the primary composition of the Earth's crust?
What is the primary composition of the Earth's crust?
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Which layer of the Earth is characterized by p-waves and s-waves travelling through it?
Which layer of the Earth is characterized by p-waves and s-waves travelling through it?
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What type of wave slowly travels only through solids in Earth's interior?
What type of wave slowly travels only through solids in Earth's interior?
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Which boundary separates the Earth's crust from the mantle?
Which boundary separates the Earth's crust from the mantle?
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What type of scientist studies the geosphere's internal structure and surface features?
What type of scientist studies the geosphere's internal structure and surface features?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of the Earth's mantle?
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Earth's mantle?
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What is the Mohorovicic discontinuity?
What is the Mohorovicic discontinuity?
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Which element is NOT commonly found in the Earth's crust?
Which element is NOT commonly found in the Earth's crust?
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What makes the asthenosphere unique from other parts of the mantle?
What makes the asthenosphere unique from other parts of the mantle?
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Who discovered the Mohorovicic discontinuity and in what year?
Who discovered the Mohorovicic discontinuity and in what year?
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What percentage of Earth's total volume does the mantle make up?
What percentage of Earth's total volume does the mantle make up?
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What is the primary reason for the formation of faults in the crust?
What is the primary reason for the formation of faults in the crust?
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Study Notes
Troposphere
- 80% of the atmosphere's mass is in the troposphere, which is mostly composed of nitrogen and oxygen.
- The troposphere is bounded by the tropopause.
Geosphere
- The geosphere is the solid portion of Earth, including the interior structure, rocks, minerals, landforms, and the ocean floor.
- It is the solid ground on Earth, and scientists who study it are called geologists.
- The geosphere has three main layers: the crust, mantle, and core.
- Seismic waves are used to study the geosphere's internal structure and surface features.
Geosphere's Internal Structure
- The crust is the outermost layer, ranging from 5-70 km in thickness.
- The continental crust is thicker than the oceanic crust.
- The Mohorovicic discontinuity (Moho) is the transitional boundary between the crust and the mantle.
- The mantle is the largest part of Earth, making up 84% of its total volume.
- The mantle is solid rock, and its upper part is the asthenosphere, where extreme temperature and pressure cause rocks to become ductile and move like liquid.
- The asthenosphere radiates heat from the mantle towards the surface, causing faults to form.
Hydrophere
- The hydrosphere is the total amount of water found on Earth, including ice, vapor, and liquid water.
- Water covers 70% of the Earth's surface, with most of it being ocean water.
- Water is associated with the existence of life.
- The hydrological cycle involves water circulating through the hydrosphere, driven by the sun's energy.
- The cycle includes evaporation, condensation, and precipitation, with water moving through the atmosphere, oceans, lakes, rivers, and underground.
Hydrological Cycle
- The sun's energy drives the water cycle through light and heat.
- Water evaporates from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other sources, and condenses into clouds.
- Precipitation occurs in the form of snow, which can recrystallize into glaciers.
- Glaciers contain most of Earth's water supply.
- Water can return to the ground through condensation and evaporation, restarting the cycle.
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Description
Test your knowledge on Earth's atmospheric layers and geosphere with this quiz. Learn about the troposphere, tropopause, Gaia hypothesis, and geosphere. Explore how organisms interact with their surroundings and contribute to a self-regulating system on Earth.
